RESUMO
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the main vectors of arboviruses such as Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika, causing a major impact on global economic and public health. The main way to prevent these diseases is vector control, which is carried out through physical and biological methods, in addition to environmental management. Although chemical insecticides are the most effective strategy, they present some problems such as vector resistance and ecotoxicity. Recent research highlights the potential of the imidazolium salt "1-methyl-3-octadecylimidazolium chloride" (C18MImCl) as an innovative and environmentally friendly solution against Ae. aegypti. Despite its promising larvicidal activity, the mode of action of C18MImCl in mosquito cells and tissues remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate its impacts on Ae. aegypti larvae and three cell lines of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, comparing the cellular effects with those on human cells. Cell viability assays and histopathological analyses of treated larvae were conducted. Results revealed the imidazolium salt's high selectivity (> 254) for mosquito cells over human cells. After salt ingestion, the mechanism of larval death involves toxic effects on midgut cells. This research marks the first description of an imidazolium salt's action on mosquito cells and midgut tissues, showcasing its potential for the development of a selective and sustainable strategy for vector control.
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Aedes , Imidazóis , Inseticidas , Larva , Aedes/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Imidazóis/toxicidade , Imidazóis/farmacologia , Inseticidas/toxicidade , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Humanos , Mosquitos Vetores/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Controle de Mosquitos/métodosRESUMO
We evaluated the impact of an Achyrocline satureioides inflorescence infusion on the clinical outcomes of viral respiratory infections, including those caused by SARS-CoV-2, in a monocentric, randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients with symptoms of viral respiratory infection, including suspected cases of COVID-19, were included and assigned to receive either A. satureioides (n = 57) or Malus domestica (n = 67) infusions twice a day for 14 days. All participants were included before the RT-PCR results, performed using a nasopharyngeal swab. The patients were further divided into subgroups according to real-time polymerase chain reaction results: SARS-CoV-2-positive and SARS-CoV-2-negative subgroups for statistical analyses. We assessed clinical outcomes, such as the latency to resolution of cough, dyspnea, fever, sore throat, chest pain, smell and taste dysfunctions, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite; hospitalization; and mortality with questionnaires and medical records. The subjects that received early A. satureioides infusion showed a significant reduction in the average number of days with respiratory and neurological symptoms compared with the control group (M. domestica infusion). We conclude that A. satureioides is a safe agent and, in combination with standard care, improves viral respiratory infection symptoms, especially those related to COVID-19.
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Achyrocline , COVID-19 , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Projetos de Pesquisa , Terapia Combinada , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Considering that microRNAs (miRNAs), extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) and the amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing have been shown to be altered in oral squamous cells carcinoma (OSCC), it is possible that miRNAs that target APP processing pathways in EVPs are impacted in tumor cells. Our aim was to evaluate miRNAs that target APP itself or disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 10 (ADAM10), which generate a trophic compound, sAPPα, in EVPs derived from OSCC cell lines, an aggressive and non-invasive, compared to normal keratinocytes. METHODS: We used two OSCC cell lines, an aggressive human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line (SCC09) and a less aggressive cell line (CAL27) compared with a keratinocyte lineage (HaCaT). Cells were maintained in cell media, from which we isolated EVPs. EVPs were evaluated regarding their size and concentration using Nanotracking Analysis. We measured the levels of miRNAs which had as potential downstream target APP or ADAM10, specifically miR-20a-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-424-5p, miR-92b-3p, miR-31-5p, and miR-93-5. RESULTS: There were no differences on size distributions and concentration of isolated EVPs. OSCC cell lines-derived EVPs miR-20a-5p, miR-92b-3p, and miR-93-5p were upregulated in comparison to HaCaT-derived EVPs; while miR-31-5p was reduced in EVPs obtained from CAL27 cells. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate changes in miRNAs that target APP machinery processing in EVPs derived from OSCC cell lines of different aggressiveness, which may be involved with abnormal miRNA expression in OSCC tissue and/or releasing tumor suppressor miRNA.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Vesículas Extracelulares , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , MicroRNAs , Neoplasias Bucais , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/genética , Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/metabolismo , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/genética , Células Epiteliais/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proliferação de Células/genéticaRESUMO
In cancer, cell migration contributes to the spread of tumor cells resulting in metastasis. Heterogeneity in the migration capacity can produce individual cells with heightened capacity leading to invasion and metastasis. Our hypothesis is that cell migration characteristics can divide asymmetrically in mitosis, allowing a subset of cells to have a larger contribution to invasion and metastasis. Therefore, our aim is to elucidate whether sister cells have different migratory capacity and analyze if this difference is defined by mitosis. Through time-lapse videos, we analyzed migration speed, directionality, maximum displacement of each trajectory, and velocity as well as cell area and polarity and then compared the values between mother-daughter cells and between sister cells of three tumor cell lines (A172, MCF7, SCC25) and two normal cell lines (MRC5 and CHO·K1 cells). We observed that daughter cells had a different migratory phenotype compared to their mothers, and one single mitosis is enough for the sisters behave like nonrelated cells. However, mitosis did not influence cell area and polarity dynamics. These findings indicates that migration performance is not heritable, and that asymmetric cell division might have an important impact on cancer invasion and metastasis, by producing cells with different migratory capacity.
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Mitose , Células-Tronco , Movimento Celular , Divisão Celular Assimétrica , Linhagem Celular TumoralRESUMO
Oral cancer represents an important health problem, as it is the sixth most common type of cancer in the world and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The treatment considered the gold standard for this type of tumor is surgical resection with negative margins, with a distance of at least 5 mm from the tumor. This procedure is strongly associated with local control and disease-specific survival, however, in many cases, large amounts of healthy tissue are removed, resulting in surgical defects, compromising various functions and directly affecting the individual's quality of life. From this perspective, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the use of autofluorescence and fluorescent probes as potential adjuvant techniques to facilitate the delineation of surgical margins for oral cancers. A comprehensive search was performed in Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, LIVIVO, Embase, ProQuest Open Access Dissertations & Theses, Open Access Theses and Dissertations, and DART Europe databases, where 1948 articles were found. After the different stages of critical evaluation, 15 articles were selected, eligible for the inclusion criteria. Of these, 7 articles used autofluorescence, 7 used fluorescent probes and 1 article used both methods. As for autofluorescence, the most used device was the VELScope, and indocyanine green was the most used probe. Compared to histopathology, autofluorescence did not obtain significant and/or superiors results. In contrast to fluorescent probes that, most articles showed a good performance of margins during surgical resection, making them a promising alternative. However, it is still necessary to carry out the analysis of more articles, with more significant samples and sensitivity and specificity data to qualify the results.
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Carcinoma , Neoplasias Bucais , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Corantes Fluorescentes , Qualidade de Vida , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes , Neoplasias Bucais/cirurgiaRESUMO
The aim of the present study was to analyze for the first time the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) using defocused high-power laser (DHPL) in myoblast cell line C2C12 viability and migration and compare them with low-power laser therapy. Cells were divided into 9 groups: Sham irradiation 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS); Sham irradiation 5%FBS; low-power laser 0.1 W; DHPL 810 1 W; DHPL 810 2 W; DHPL 980 1 W; DHPL 980 2 W; DHPL dual 1 W; DHPL dual 2 W. To simulate stress conditions, all groups exposed to irradiation were maintained in DMEM 5% FBS. The impact of therapies on cell viability was assessed through sulforhodamine B assay and on cells migration through scratch assays and time-lapse. Myoblast viability was not modified by PBMT protocols. All PBMT protocols were able to accelerate the scratch closure after 6 and 18 h of the first irradiation (p < 0.001). Also, an increase in migration speed, with a more pronounced effect of DHPL laser using dual-wavelength protocol with 2 W was observed (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the diverse PBMT protocols used in this study accelerated the C2C12 myoblasts migration, with 2-W dual-wavelength outstanding as the most effective protocol tested. Benefits from treating muscle injuries with PBMT appear to be related to its capacity to induce cell migration without notable impact on cell viability.
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Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Mioblastos , Mioblastos/efeitos da radiação , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos da radiação , Movimento Celular , LasersRESUMO
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) represent a group of lesions with increased risk for malignant transformation. The management of such injuries is based on surgical treatment or detailed follow-up throughout the patient's lifetime. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated and critically evaluated the use of autofluorescence and fluorescent probes as potential techniques for the early detection of OPMD. A comprehensive search was performed on Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and LIVIVO databases. The gray literature was also consulted and included Google Scholar, Proquest and Open gray databases. 2715 articles were retrieved, and after the different stages of critical evaluation, were reduced to 25 articles that fully met the inclusion criteria. VELscope® was the most used equipment for autofluorescence, while aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) was the main representative of the probes. The meta-analysis performed included 10 articles that used VELscope® as a method to detect oral disorders. A 95% confidence interval (CI) with a p value significance <0.05 was considered as a criterion for the statistical analysis. The combined sensitivity was 74% (CI95 60-76%, p = 0.0001) and the specificity was 57% (CI95 52-60%, p = 0.0000). The inclusion of these adjunct methods in clinical practice is very promising, since they are able to help both the clinician and the specialist in the early detection of potentially malignant oral disorders, favoring a better prognosis. However, it is still necessary to carry out further studies, with the aim of establishing a protocol for use and qualification of results.
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Doenças da Boca , Neoplasias Bucais , Fotoquimioterapia , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas , Análise de Dados , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Corantes Fluorescentes , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
AIMS: To investigate the role of tumor acidification in cell behavior, migration, and treatment resistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MAIN METHODS: The SCC4 and SCC25 cell lines were exposed to acidified (pH 6.8) cell culture medium for 7 days. Alternatively, a long-term acidosis was induced for 21 days. In addition, to mimic dynamic pH fluctuation of the tumor microenvironment, cells were reconditioned to neutral pH after experimental acidosis. This study assessed cell proliferation and viability by sulforhodamine B and flow cytometry. Individual and collective cell migration was analyzed by wound healing, time lapse, and transwell assays. Modifications of cell phenotype, EMT induction and stemness potential were investigated by qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. Finally, resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy of OSCC when exposed to acidified environmental conditions (pH 6.8) was determined. KEY FINDINGS: The exposure to an acidic microenvironment caused an initial reduction of OSCC cells viability, followed by an adaptation process. Acidic adapted cells acquired a mesenchymal-like phenotype along with increased migration and motility indexes. Moreover, tumoral extracellular acidity was capable to induce cellular stemness and to increase chemo- and radioresistance of oral cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE: In summary, the results showed that the acidic microenvironment leads to a more aggressive and treatment resistant OSCC cell population.
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Ácidos/efeitos adversos , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/patologia , Tolerância a Radiação , Microambiente Tumoral , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Apoptose , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/etiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Cisplatino/efeitos adversos , Raios gama/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/etiologia , Neoplasias Bucais/terapia , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/efeitos da radiação , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
AIMS: SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been recovered from different sites in the human body, including the mouth. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the dental biofilm of symptomatic patients who tested positive in nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal (NASO/ORO) samples. MATERIALS & METHODS: An observational clinical study of individuals with flu-like symptoms was conducted between July and September 2020. Dental biofilm (BIO) samples were collected and analysed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to determine the virus's presence. RESULTS: Seventy participants (40 ± 9.8 years of age, 71.4% female) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in NASO/ORO samples and were included in the study. Among them, 13 tested positive in BIO samples (18.6%; 95% CI: [9.5, 27.7]). The median and interquartile range of cycle quantification (Cq) for NASO/ORO and BIO samples were 15.9 [6.9] and 35.9 [4.0] (p = .001), respectively. BIO-positive participants showed a higher virus load in NASO/ORO samples (p = .012) than those testing negative (Cq = 20.4 [6.1]). CONCLUSIONS: Dental biofilms from symptomatic COVID-19 patients harbour SARS-CoV-2 RNA and might be a potential reservoir with an essential role in COVID-19 transmission.
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COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Idoso , Biofilmes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , RNA Viral , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Carga ViralRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The prognosis of patients with Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are directly related to the stage of development of the tumor at the time of diagnosis, but it is estimated an average delay in diagnosis of 2-5 months. New non-invasive techniques for the early diagnosis of OSCC are being developed, such as methodologies to detect spectral changes of tumor cells. We conducted a systematic review to analyze the potential use of autofluorescence and/or fluorescent probes for OSCC diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science) were used as research sources. Protocol was registered with PROSPERO. It was included studies that evaluated tissue autofluorescence and/or used fluorescent probes as a method of diagnosing and/or treatment of oral cancer in humans. RESULTS: Forty-five studies were selected for this systematic review, of which 28 dealt only with autofluorescence, 18 on fluorescent probes and 1 evaluated both methods. The VELscope® was the most used device for autofluorescence, exhibiting sensitivity (33%-100%) and specificity (12%-88.6%). 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) was the most used fluorescent probe, exhibiting high sensitivity (90%-100%) and specificity (51.3%-96%). Hypericin, rhodamine 6 G, rhodamine 610, porphyrin and γ-glutamyl hydroxymethyl rhodamine green have also been reported. CONCLUSION: Thus, the autofluorescence and fluorescent probes can provide an accurate diagnosis of oral cancer, assisting the dentist during daily clinical activity, but it is not yet possible to suggest that this method may replace histopathological examination.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias Bucais , Fotoquimioterapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico por imagem , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Corantes Fluorescentes , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico por imagem , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos FotossensibilizantesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Imidazolium salts (IS), ionic derivatives of neutral imidazoles, have properties that can be adjusted by structural modifications to their cations and anions, which makes this particular class of compounds a promising option for developing biologically active compounds. The anti-tumor effects of the IS 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C4 MImCl), 1-n-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C10 MImCl), 1-n-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C16 MImCl), 1-n-hexadecyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (C16 M2 ImCl), 1-n-octadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C18 MImCl), 1-n-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate (C16 MImMeS), and 1-n-hexadecyl-2,3- dimethylimidazolium methanesulfonate (C16 M2 ImMeS) on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have been studied here. METHODS: Oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (CAL27) were incubated with increasing IS doses and then submitted to proliferation (2D), cell death (2D) and spheroid assay (3D). RESULTS: The IS anti-tumor effect was dependent on both its N-alkyl chain length and anion, whereby C16 MImCl proved to be more effective in combination for inhibiting cell proliferation and cell-cell adhesion, outperforming the methylated C16 M2 ImCl derivative and, most importantly, the gold standard-cisplatin. In addition, C16 MImCl had little effect on keratinocytes and more pronounced effects on more aggressive tumor cells. It also exhibited similar effects on inducing cell death when compared to Cisplatin. This compound spread to a greater area of the tumor sphere and produced an enhanced number of apoptotic and necrotic cells in the tumor cell line, demonstrating only a small rise in the healthy cells. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that the effect of C16 MlmCl on OSCC is promising, as it is selective for cancer cells.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Neoplasias Bucais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/tratamento farmacológico , Sais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e PescoçoRESUMO
The original version of this article contained mistakes, and the authors would like to correct them.
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Flavonoids have been proposed as potential chemotherapeutic agents because they are toxic against cancer cells but not harmful to healthy cells. This systematic review analyzed flavonoid effectiveness in human cancer chemotherapy. Overall, 22 phase II and 1 phase III clinical trials (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) that used flavonoids as a single agent or combined with other therapeutics against hematopoietic/lymphoid or solid cancer published by January 2019 were selected for analysis. Flavopiridol was the most commonly used flavonoid (at a dose of 50-mg/m2 IV) for all tumor types. Aside from the relatively low rate of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) with any administration protocol, flavonoids showed higher positive outcomes for hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues (140 patients with CR and 88 with PR among 615 patients in 11 trials) than for solid tumors (4 patients with CR and 21 with PR among 525 patients in 12 trials). However, because of the high variety in administration schedule, more studies are needed to further understand how flavonoids can promote positive outcomes for cancer patients.
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Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Flavonoides/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Piperidinas/administração & dosagem , Polifenóis/administração & dosagem , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , HumanosRESUMO
The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of periodontal disease (PD) associated with physical exercise on inflammatory mediators and muscle repair. Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (SH), healthy trained (TH), sedentary with PD (SP), and trained with PD (TP). PD was induced in groups SP and TP while the trained groups performed treadmill exercises for 8 weeks. For the analysis of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and leukocyte count, we collected blood samples. Cryolesions were induced in the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius, which were analyzed for morphological changes. The presence of PD modified leukocyte counts, while exercise showed an additive role. PD increased levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, and physical exercise changed only values of IL-10. The association between physical exercise and PD was responsible for an increased concentration of leukocytes in the region of the inflammation. Serum levels of inflammatory markers were modified by PD and, when combined with exercise, may negatively modulate inflammation. The association between PD and physical exercise showed the most significant changes in the number of inflammatory cells and may negatively influence the process of muscle repair.
Assuntos
Quimiotaxia de Leucócito , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Leucócitos/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Doenças Musculares/metabolismo , Doenças Periodontais/metabolismo , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Leucócitos/imunologia , Masculino , Força Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/imunologia , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatologia , Doenças Musculares/imunologia , Doenças Musculares/patologia , Doenças Musculares/fisiopatologia , Doenças Periodontais/imunologia , Doenças Periodontais/patologia , Esforço Físico , Ratos Wistar , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Transdução de Sinais , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Despite the enhancing effects of hyaluronidase (HYAL) over duration of anesthesia, this enzyme could cause adverse effects when injected concomitantly with local anesthetics in dental blocks. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the tissue alterations caused by a local anesthetic protocol consisting of a late HYAL injection and confirm its functional effectiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The protocol efficacy was proved by evaluating sensory and motor functions in rats. The sciatic nerve was blocked with 2% lidocaine (LID) with epinephrine (n = 25). Thirty minutes later, 75 TRU/ml HYAL was injected into the same site (experimental group, LID/HYAL). One week later, this protocol was repeated in the contralateral hindlimb, injecting only HYAL's vehicle (control group, LID/vehicle [LID/V]). To observe the integrity of the local tissues, histological specimens were obtained 1, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment with LID/HYAL or LID/V (n = 16 each) and stained with hematoxylin/eosin and picrosirius red. RESULTS: Local inflammation was similar in both groups. The integrity of the nerve fibers was preserved, in spite of some inflammation-associated injuries in the surrounding tissues. The reversible tissue disorganization caused by HYAL, probably facilitated the diffusion of the residual anesthetic to the nerve, resulting in a prolonged anesthetic effect (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: No irreversible morphological alterations are caused by the administration of HYAL prior the end of the LID-induced block. Moreover, this protocol prolongs LID's anesthetic effect.
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Anestesia Local , Bloqueio Nervoso , Animais , Hialuronoglucosaminidase , Lidocaína , Ratos , Nervo IsquiáticoRESUMO
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Soaking dentures in vinegar or hydrogen peroxide does not seem to remove the microorganisms involved with prosthetic stomatitis efficiently. A mixture of these 2 substances may be effective, but studies are lacking. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect and cytotoxic activity of vinegar-hydrogen peroxide mixtures against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For antimicrobial tests, planktonic cells and biofilms of C. albicans and S. aureus cultured on acrylic resin disks were exposed to 0.5% sodium hypochlorite; 0.2% peracetic acid; vinegar-hydrogen peroxide mixtures at concentration ratios 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1; vinegar-water mixtures at concentration ratios 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1; and hydrogen peroxide-water mixtures at concentration ratios 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by counting viable colony-forming units after disinfection. For cytotoxicity tests, the 1:1 vinegar-hydrogen peroxide mixture was serially diluted (10-1 to 10-4) and allowed to be in direct contact with HaCaT keratinocytes for 24 hours. Cytotoxicity was quantitatively and qualitatively determined by counting the number of viable cells and analyzing morphological cell changes. RESULTS: All vinegar-hydrogen peroxide mixtures, sodium hypochlorite, and peracetic acid efficiently eliminated C. albicans and S. aureus (P<.05), whereas vinegar and hydrogen peroxide solutions used separately were not as efficient as the experimental mixtures. The 10-3 and 10-4 dilutions of vinegar-hydrogen peroxide solutions were considered noncytotoxic, whereas dilutions below 10-2 were strongly cytotoxic, comparable with the 10-2 dilution of 0.2% peracetic acid. CONCLUSIONS: The vinegar-hydrogen peroxide mixture effectively eliminated C. albicans and S. aureus from acrylic resin. Dilutions equal or below 10-2 of this mixture presented strong cytotoxic effects.
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Anti-Infecciosos , Desinfecção , Ácido Acético , Biofilmes , Candida albicans , Dentaduras , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Staphylococcus aureusRESUMO
This study aimed to assess the effects of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on alveolar bone loss (ABL), blood count, and counting of megakaryocytes and adipocytes in male Wistar rats. Forty male 60-day Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control (C), Periodontal Disease (PD), Heparin (Hp) and Heparin + Periodontal Disease (Hp+PD). LMWH was applied for 60 days at doses of 1 ml/kg/day. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 30 and 60. On day-49, PD and Hp+PD groups were subjected to ligature-induced periodontitis around second upper right molar. The left side was assessed as spontaneous alveolar bone loss. Mean ABL in the side with ligature showed significantly different between C (0.35±0.07 mm) and Hp+DP (0.49±0.09 mm) groups (p<0.001), between PD (0.55±0.11 mm) and Hp (0.32±0.06 mm) groups (p<0.001) and between Hp and Hp+DP groups (p<0.001). No significant differences were found among groups for ABL in the side without ligature. Animal weight, food intake, and water consumption showed no statistically significant difference among groups. Megakaryocytes and adipocytes were counted using optical microscopy and no statistically significant differences were found. Within-groups, there were an increase and a decrease, respectively, in the counting of lymphocytes (p=0.005 for C and p=0.009 for Hp+PD groups only) and leukocytes (p=0.003 for C, p=0.001 for PD, p=0.002 for Hp, and p<0.001 for Hp+PD groups). There was no decrease in the number of platelets in the three collection periods. LMWH was not able to affect ABL, but it may change the blood counting, especially increasing lymphocytes.
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Perda do Osso Alveolar/prevenção & controle , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular/farmacologia , Adipócitos/citologia , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Megacariócitos/citologia , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Maltodextrins, derived from corn starch, have been added to industrialized food combined with sucrose. However it is not clear the diffusion properties of the dental biofilm matrix and the tridimensional structure of multispecies biofilms formed in the presence of these carbohydrates. Therefore, the aim of study was to investigate by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) the structural organization of the multispecies dental biofilm formed in situ under exposure to sucrose associated to maltodextrin. Adult volunteers wore an intraoral palatal appliance containing bovine enamel blocks. They were instructed to remove the appliance 8 times per day and drop the following solutions on the enamel blocks: deionized distilled water (DDW), maltodextrin, sucrose + maltodextrin or sucrose. Biofilms formed were stained and the percentage of extracellular polysaccharide (%EPS) and thickness were determined by CLSM. Biofilm formed in the presence of sucrose and sucrose + maltodextrin presented similar %EPS and higher than DDW and maltodextrin. Regarding to the biofilm thickness, sucrose and sucrose + maltodextrin treatments were thicker than DDW and maltodextrin and similar between them. The structural organization of the multispecies dental biofilm formed in situ in the presence of sucrose does not change when this carbohydrate is associated to maltodextrin.