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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This global bibliometric review aimed to investigate trends in publications relating to tinnitus and TMD. METHODS: A search was performed in eight databases (June/2022), by independent researchers with relevant keywords about tinnitus and TMD, without restriction of date or language. Original research or case report/series evaluating prevalence, association and risk related to tinnitus and TMD were included. Independent examiners selected studies by title and abstract and performed data extraction. Data about publication and researchers, study population, objective, study design and diagnostic criteria for tinnitus and TMD were exported to VintagePoint® for bibliometric analyses. Data about the direct association between tinnitus and TMD were extracted. RESULTS: One hundred and seventeen articles from 25 countries were included, most observational (68.4%) and evaluating association (N = 60; 44.8%). Among the 60 studies of association, 22 (36.6%) presented results of a direct association between the presence/absence of tinnitus and the presence/absence of TMD. Brazil (19.5%) and the United States (12.7%) were the countries with the most publications, and Dentistry (48.6%) was the main publication area. A growth in publications in Dentistry was observed in the past 30 years and in the past 10 years in Medicine. Half of the studies included the elderly population (50.2%). The main diagnostic criterion for both tinnitus (37.8%) and TMD (28%) was general questionnaires and/or self-report. CONCLUSION: There is a growing trend in publications relating to tinnitus and TMD, especially in Dentistry, with a predominance of observational and association studies in the elderly population using questionnaires and/or self-report. More research with robust diagnostic methods and other study designs should be encouraged in the future.

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INTRODUCTION: Current evidence suggests an important knowledge gain of health sciences' students and professionals with mobile devices (m-learning). This study aimed to verify whether different strategies of teaching (traditional lecture classroom, m-learning and association of both methods) would present greater efficacy in knowledge improvement regarding dental trauma in primary dentition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An action research study using a participatory approach was conducted with 36 undergraduate Brazilian dental students. A structured questionnaire composed of six clinical cases of traumatic injuries was initially applied to all students (pre-test). Participants were then randomly distributed into three experimental groups: TC-students who had access exclusively to traditional lecture classroom; APP-access exclusively to the mobile application; and TC-APP-access to both approaches. The traditional and technological methods had evidence-based content and visual resources of the subject. After interventions, all students responded to the same previous questionnaire (post-test). Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: All tested groups obtained statistically significant improvement between their pre-test and post-test scores, for both diagnosis and treatment of dental trauma (p < .005). Nonetheless, no intergroup differences were observed amongst the scores of pre- and post-test for diagnosis (p = .159) and treatment (p = .206). CONCLUSION: All teaching approaches applied obtained similar knowledge improvement of undergraduate dental students regarding traumatic injuries in primary teeth.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação entre o Racismo Moderno e características sociodemográficas e econômicas de estudantes de graduação em odontologia brasileiros. Um estudo observacional transversal foi conduzido utilizando um questionário eletrônico, disponibilizado de forma on-line na plataforma Google Formulários. Foram convidados a participar deste estudo estudantes de graduação em odontologia, matriculados em Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) públicas e privadas, localizadas nas regiões Norte, Nordeste, Centro-oeste, Sudeste e Sul do país. Foi adotada uma amostra de conveniência em bola de neve. Os estudantes foram recrutados por meio de aulas remotas, e-mail e publicações em redes sociais (Instagram e WhatsApp). Os estudantes responderam a um formulário eletrônico dividido em sessões: (1) declaração dos aspectos éticos e critérios de elegibilidade, (2) coleta dos dados sociodemográficos e econômicos do respondente e (3) exposição da versão brasileira da Escala de Racismo Moderno (B-ERM). Todas as respostas foram de preenchimento mandatório para a sua finalização e envio. As respostas na B-ERM foram classificadas em uma escala do tipo Likert de 7 pontos, de forma que pontuações mais altas significariam maiores níveis de Racismo Moderno. O escore total na B-ERM correspondeu à variável dependente, enquanto os dados sociodemográficos e econômicos dos estudantes corresponderam às variáveis independentes. A análise estatística incluiu análise descritiva, bivariada e regressão de Poisson com variância robusta (p<0,05). Participaram deste estudo 441 estudantes de graduação em odontologia brasileiros, dos quais a maioria se autodeclarou branca (54,9%) e do gênero feminino (78,1%). A análise bivariada observou maiores escores na B-ERM entre os estudantes que se autodeclararam como não-brancos, quando comparados aos autodeclarados brancos (p=0,002). No entanto, essa associação não foi observada no modelo multivariado ajustado. A análise multivariada observou maiores escores na B-ERM entre os estudantes do gênero masculino comparados ao gênero feminino (Razão de Prevalência [RP] = 1,130; Intervalo de Confiança [IC] 95%: 1,027-1,244) e os matriculados em instituições privadas de ensino quando comparados aos de instituições públicas (RP = 1,404; IC 95%: 1,272-1,550). Estudantes pertencentes ao nível socioeconômico mais baixo, Classe E, obtiveram maiores pontuações na B-ERM quando comparados aos de maior nível socioeconômico, Classe A (RP = 1,321; IC 95%: 1,134-1,538). Ainda, estudantes matriculados em IES localizadas nas regiões Norte (RP = 1,410; IC 95%: 1,173-1,695) e Nordeste (RP = 1,187; IC 95%: 1,023-1,378) obtiveram maiores pontuações na BERM quando comparados aos estudantes matriculados na região Sul do país. Com isso, este estudo concluiu que o escore total na B-ERM foi influenciado pelas características sociodemográficas e econômicas dos estudantes de graduação em odontologia brasileiros.

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between Modern Racism and sociodemographic and economic characteristics of Brazilian undergraduate dental students. A cross-sectional observational survey research was conducted using an electronic questionnaire, available online on the Google Forms platform. Undergraduate dental students enrolled in public and private Higher Education Institutions (HEI) located in the North, Northeast, Midwest, Southeast, and South regional divisions of Brazil were invited to participate. A convenience sample using the technique of snowball sampling was adopted. Students were recruited by remote classes, email, and social media (Instagram and WhatsApp). Students were invited to respond to an electronic form divided into sections: (1) statement of the ethical issues and eligibility criteria, (2) collection of sociodemographic and economic data, and (3) exhibition of the Brazilian version of the Modern Racism Scale (B-MRS). All items of the electronic form were of mandatory response for its completion and submission. Responses on the B-MRS were rated on a 7-point Likert-type scale. Higher scores on the B-MRS would signify higher levels of Modern Racism. The total score on the BMRS corresponded to the dependent variable, while dental students' sociodemographic and economic data corresponded to the independent variables. Statistical analyzis included descriptive, bivariate analyzis, and Poisson regression with robust variance (p<0.05). Participated in this survey 441 Brazilian undergraduate dental students, of which most self-declared to be white (54.9%) and female (78.1%). The bivariate analyzis demonstrated higher B-MRS scores among non-white participants, compared to those self-declared as white (p=0.002). Nonetheless, this association was not observed on the multivariate adjusted model. The multivariate analyzis observed higher scores on the B-MRS among male students compared to female (Prevalence Ratio [PR] = 1.130; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.027-1.244) and those enrolled in private educational institutions when compared to students from public institutions (PR = 1.404; 95% CI: 1.272-1.550). Participants of the lowest socioeconomic status, Class E, obtained higher B-MRS scores compared to those of the highest, Class A (PR = 1.321; 95% CI: 1.134-1.538). Dental students from the North (PR = 1.410; 95% CI: 1.173-1.695) and Northeast (PR = 1.187; 95% CI: 1.023- 1.378) regional divisions of Brazil scored higher B-MRS means than those from the South. Thus, this survey research concluded that the total score on the B-MRS was influenced by the sociodemographic and economic characteristics of Brazilian undergraduate dental students.

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Abstract Objective: To verify and compare the sociodemographic data and caregivers' self-perception of children's oral health condition, hygiene habits and seek for dental services among family units of deaf and normalhearing children. Material and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted with 64 parents/caregivers of 16 deaf and 48 normal-hearing children of 3-14 years old, belonging to reference centers in Belo Horizonte, southeastern Brazil. Deaf and hearing children were matched according to their sex and age. Sociodemographic characteristics of the family units and self-report of oral health conditions and care were assessed using a structured questionnaire, including information regarding seeking pediatric dental services. Descriptive analysis and chi-square test were performed (p<0.05). Results: Most individuals in the sample were mothers (84.4%). Low family income (p=0.024) and higher education level of guardians (p=0.018) were associated with families of hearing children. The report of clinical treatment or toothache as the main reason for the children's last dental appointment was associated with families of deaf children (p=0.047). Conclusion: Based on caregivers' reports, hearing-impaired children demonstrated greater vulnerability to present dental pain or clinical treatment as the main reasons for their last access to dental appointments.

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The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of odontogenic infection in low-income Brazilian schoolchildren and evaluate its association with the subjective variables of oral health-related quality of life and dental pain. In this cross-sectional study, 230 schoolchildren aged eight to ten years old underwent a clinical oral survey in which the DMFT/dmft and PUFA/pufa indexes were measured. Afterward, children responded individually to the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10) and self-reports of dental pain were collected. Data were statistically analyzed using MannWhitney or Kruskal-Wallis test with a post-test by Dunn's and Pearson correlation. Of the children evaluated, 42.6% had odontogenic infection and 80% reported experiencing dental pain. Children's age (p = 0.034) and past experience of dental pain (p < 0.002) were associated with odontogenic sepsis, in addition to impairment of their emotional well-being (p = 0.008), social welfare (p = 0.009) and overall impact on quality of life (p = 0.019). Toothache intensity (p < 0.001), frequency (p < 0.001) and duration (p < 0.001) were correlated to the overall impact on children's quality of life. The prevalence of odontogenic infection remains high among low-income Brazilian schoolchildren. Pediatric infection and its related pain induce not only various biological disorders but also impair children's self-perception of quality of life.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de infecção odontogênica em crianças escolares brasileiras de baixa renda e analisar a sua associação com as variáveis subjetivas da autopercepção de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal e dor dentária. Neste estudo transversal, 230 crianças escolares com 8 a 10 anos de idade realizaram exame clínico bucal no qual os índices CPO-D/ceo-d e PUFA/pufa foram mensurados. Com isso, as crianças responderam individualmente ao Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10) e relatos de dor dentária foram coletados. Os dados foram estatisticamente analisados utilizando-se o teste Mann-Whitney ou Kruskal-Wallis, com posterior teste da correlação de Dunn e Pearson. Dentre as crianças examinadas, 42,6% apresentavam infecção odontogênica e 80% reportou experiência de dor dentária. A idade (p=0,034) e experiência de dor dentária (p<0,002) das crianças foram associadas à infecção odontogênica, bem como o seu bem-estar emocional (p=0,008) e social (p=0,009) e impacto geral na qualidade de vida (p=0,019). Além disso, a intensidade (p<0,001), frequência (p<0,001) e duração (p<0,001) da odontalgia foram correlacionadas com o impacto geral na qualidade de vida da criança. A prevalência de infecção odontogênica permanece elevada em crianças escolares brasileiras. Infecção pediátrica e sua dor relacionada induzem não apenas diversas desordens biológicas, mas também afetam negativamente a auto-percepção de qualidade de vida das crianças.

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ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of odontogenic infection in lowincome Brazilian schoolchildren and evaluate its association with the subjective variables of oral healthrelated quality of life and dental pain. In this crosssectional study, 230 schoolchildren aged eight to ten years old underwent a clinical oral survey in which the DMFT/dmft and PUFA/pufa indexes were measured. Afterward, children responded individually to the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ810) and selfreports of dental pain were collected. Data were statistically analyzed using MannWhitney or KruskalWallis test with a posttest by Dunn's and Pearson correlation. Of the children evaluated, 42.6% had odontogenic infection and 80% reported experiencing dental pain. Children's age (p = 0.034) and past experience of dental pain (p < 0.002) were associated with odontogenic sepsis, in addition to impairment of their emotional wellbeing (p = 0.008), social welfare (p = 0.009) and overall impact on quality of life (p = 0.019). Toothache intensity (p < 0.001), frequency (p < 0.001) and duration (p < 0.001) were correlated to the overall impact on children's quality of life. The prevalence of odontogenic infection remains high among lowincome Brazilian schoolchildren. Pediatric infection and its related pain induce not only various biological disorders but also impair children's selfperception of quality of life.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de infecção odontogênica em crianças escolares brasileiras de baixa renda e analisar a sua associação com as variáveis subjetivas da autopercepção de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal e dor dentária. Neste estudo transversal, 230 crianças escolares com 8 a 10 anos de idade realizaram exame clínico bucal no qual os índices CPOD/ ceod e PUFA/pufa foram mensurados. Com isso, as crianças responderam individualmente ao Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ810) e relatos de dor dentária foram coletados. Os dados foram estatisticamente analisados utilizandose o teste MannWhitney ou KruskalWallis, com posterior teste da correlação de Dunn e Pearson. Dentre as crianças examinadas, 42,6% apresentavam infecção odontogênica e 80% reportou experiência de dor dentária. A idade (p=0,034) e experiência de dor dentária (p<0,002) das crianças foram associadas à infecção odontogênica, bem como o seu bemestar emocional (p=0,008) e social (p=0,009) e impacto geral na qualidade de vida (p=0,019). Além disso, a intensidade (p<0,001), frequência (p<0,001) e duração (p<0,001) da odontalgia foram correlacionadas com o impacto geral na qualidade de vida da criança. A prevalência de infecção odontogênica permanece elevada em crianças escolares brasileiras. Infecção pediátrica e sua dor relacionada induzem não apenas diversas desordens biológicas, mas também afetam negativamente a autopercepção de qualidade de vida das crianças.

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