RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) has historically produced estimates of causes of injury such as falls but not the resulting types of injuries that occur. The objective of this study was to estimate the global incidence, prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) due to facial fractures and to estimate the leading injurious causes of facial fracture. METHODS: We obtained results from GBD 2017. First, the study estimated the incidence from each injury cause (eg, falls), and then the proportion of each cause that would result in facial fracture being the most disabling injury. Incidence, prevalence and YLDs of facial fractures are then calculated across causes. RESULTS: Globally, in 2017, there were 7 538 663 (95% uncertainty interval 6 116 489 to 9 493 113) new cases, 1 819 732 (1 609 419 to 2 091 618) prevalent cases, and 117 402 (73 266 to 169 689) YLDs due to facial fractures. In terms of age-standardised incidence, prevalence and YLDs, the global rates were 98 (80 to 123) per 100 000, 23 (20 to 27) per 100 000, and 2 (1 to 2) per 100 000, respectively. Facial fractures were most concentrated in Central Europe. Falls were the predominant cause in most regions. CONCLUSIONS: Facial fractures are predominantly caused by falls and occur worldwide. Healthcare systems and public health agencies should investigate methods of all injury prevention. It is important for healthcare systems in every part of the world to ensure access to treatment resources.
Assuntos
Fraturas Ósseas , Carga Global da Doença , Qualidade de Vida , Brasil , Canadá , Europa (Continente) , Saúde Global , Humanos , Incidência , Prevalência , Anos de Vida Ajustados por Qualidade de Vida , Medicina EstatalRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The objective of this research was to investigate the sociodemographic, psychosocial, behavioural and emotional risk factors associated with self-reported major injuries. METHODS: A case-control study, nested in a two-stage survey, was carried out in two cities of the Distrito Federal, Brazil. Cases were defined as subjects who reported an event resulting in injury or physical harm to the person, about which a hospital was visited or a doctor consulted (major injury), during the period of 6 months preceding the interview. Controls (n=640) were matched to cases (n=231) based on sex and neighbourhood. Information on determinants of injuries was collected by self-completed questionnaires and included sociodemographic, psychosocial, behavioural and emotional variables. Data analysis used conditional logistic regression models. RESULTS: Controlling for social support and pro-social behaviour, adolescents reporting "abnormal" behaviour and emotional problems had more than three times the chance of reporting a major injury compared to "normal" status adolescents (OR=3.65, 95%CI=1.83-7.32). DISCUSSION: The findings of this study suggest that preventive strategies, while addressing the broader community and environmental risk factors for injuries, need to address the behavioural and emotional factors associated with these injuries.