RESUMO
DNA glycosylases initiate the base excision repair (BER) pathway by catalyzing the removal of damaged or mismatched bases from DNA. The Arabidopsis DNA glycosylase methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 4 like (MBD4L) is a nuclear enzyme triggering BER in response to the genotoxic agents 5-fluorouracil and 5-bromouracil. To date, the involvement of MBD4L in plant physiological processes has not been analyzed. To address this, we studied the enzyme functions in seeds. We found that imbibition induced the MBD4L gene expression by generating two alternative transcripts, MBD4L.3 and MBD4L.4. Gene activation was stronger in aged than in non-aged seeds. Seeds from mbd4l-1 mutants displayed germination failures when maintained under control or ageing conditions, while 35S:MBD4L.3/mbd4l-1 and 35S:MBD4L.4/mbd4l-1 seeds reversed these phenotypes. Seed nuclear DNA repair, assessed by comet assays, was exacerbated in an MBD4L-dependent manner at 24 h post-imbibition. Under this condition, the BER genes ARP, APE1L, and LIG1 showed higher expression in 35S:MBD4L.3/mbd4l-1 and 35S:MBD4L.4/mbd4l-1 than in mbd4l-1 seeds, suggesting that these components could coordinate with MBD4L to repair damaged DNA bases in seeds. Interestingly, the ATM, ATR, BRCA1, RAD51, and WEE1 genes associated with the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway were activated in mbd4l-1, but not in 35S:MBD4L.3/mbd4l-1 or 35S:MBD4L.4/mbd4l-1 seeds. These results indicate that MBD4L is a key enzyme of a BER cascade that operates during seed imbibition, whose deficiency would cause genomic damage detected by DDR, generating a delay or reduction in germination.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , DNA Glicosilases , Reparo do DNA , Germinação , Sementes , Sementes/genética , Sementes/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , DNA Glicosilases/metabolismo , DNA Glicosilases/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Dano ao DNARESUMO
DNA glycosylases remove mispaired or modified bases from DNA initiating the base excision repair (BER) pathway. The DNA glycosylase MBD4 (methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 4) has been functionally characterized in mammals, but not yet in plants, where it is called MBD4-like (MBD4L). Mammalian MBD4 and Arabidopsis recombinant MBD4L excise U and T mispaired with G, as well as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 5-bromouracil (5-BrU) in vitro. Here, we investigate the ability of Arabidopsis MBD4L to remove some of these substrates from the nuclear genome in vivo in coordination with uracil DNA glycosylase (AtUNG). We found that mbd4l mutants are hypersensitive to 5-FU and 5-BrU, as they displayed smaller size, less root growth, and higher cell death than control plants in both media. Using comet assays, we determined BER-associated DNA fragmentation in isolated nuclei and observed reduced DNA breaks in mbd4l plants under both conditions, but particularly with 5-BrU. The use of ung and ung x mbd4l mutants in these assays indicated that both MBD4L and AtUNG trigger nuclear DNA fragmentation in response to 5-FU. Consistently, we here report the nuclear localization of AtUNG based on the expression of AtUNG-GFP/RFP constructs in transgenic plants. Interestingly, MBD4L and AtUNG are transcriptionally coordinated but display not completely overlapping functions. MBD4L-deficient plants showed reduced expression of BER genes and enhanced expression of DNA damage response (DDR) gene markers. Overall, our findings indicate that Arabidopsis MBD4L is critical for maintaining nuclear genome integrity and preventing cell death under genotoxic stress conditions.
Assuntos
Arabidopsis , Animais , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , DNA/metabolismo , Dano ao DNA , Reparo do DNA/genética , Fluoruracila/metabolismo , Mamíferos/genética , Mamíferos/metabolismo , Uracila-DNA Glicosidase/genética , Uracila-DNA Glicosidase/metabolismoRESUMO
In plants, the establishment of broad and long-lasting immunity is based on programs that control systemic resistance and immunological memory or "priming". Despite not showing activated defenses, a primed plant induces a more efficient response to recurrent infections. Priming might involve chromatin modifications that allow a faster/stronger activation of defense genes. The Arabidopsis chromatin regulator "Morpheus Molecule 1" (MOM1) has been recently suggested as a priming factor affecting the expression of immune receptor genes. Here, we show that mom1 mutants exacerbate the root growth inhibition response triggered by the key defense priming inducers azelaic acid (AZA), ß-aminobutyric acid (BABA) and pipecolic acid (PIP). Conversely, mom1 mutants complemented with a minimal version of MOM1 (miniMOM1 plants) are insensitive. Moreover, miniMOM1 is unable to induce systemic resistance against Pseudomonas sp. in response to these inducers. Importantly, AZA, BABA and PIP treatments reduce the MOM1 expression, but not miniMOM1 transcript levels, in systemic tissues. Consistently, several MOM1-regulated immune receptor genes are upregulated during the activation of systemic resistance in WT plants, while this effect is not observed in miniMOM1. Taken together, our results position MOM1 as a chromatin factor that negatively regulates the defense priming induced by AZA, BABA and PIP.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , DNA Glicosilases , Processamento Alternativo/genética , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , DNA Glicosilases/genética , DNA Glicosilases/metabolismo , Reparo do DNA , Resposta ao Choque Térmico/genéticaRESUMO
Resumen La fístula uro-entérica es una comunicación patológica entre la vía urinaria y digestiva. El compromiso del apéndice es infrecuente y son pocos los casos de fístulas reno-apendiculares en la literatura. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con clínica de fiebre, dolor lumbar e hidronefrosis derecha severa secundaria a cálculo coraliforme en la tomografía de vías urinarias. Manejado inicialmente con antibióticos y nefrostomía bajo fluoroscopia, posteriormente suspendida por paso de contraste al intestino. Se realizó una tomografía contrastada que reportó fístula del riñón al intestino. Se llevó a nefrectomía y se encontró fistula hacía el apéndice, por lo cual se realizó apendicectomía concomitante con mejoría clínica evidente. La patología reportó pielonefritis xantogranulomatosa y apendicitis secundaria. La fístula reno-apendicular posee una clínica inespecífica, la tomografía contrastada es una herramienta diagnóstica y la mayoría se detectan como un hallazgo intraoperatorio. El tratamiento usualmente es quirúrgico, con nefrectomía y reparación del segmento intestinal. MÉD. UIS.2021;34(3): 79-84.
Abstract Uro-enteric fistula is a pathological communication between the urinary and digestive tract. Compromise of the appendix is infrequent and few cases of reno-appendicular fistulas have been described in the literature. The case of patient with symptoms of fever, low back pain and severe right hydronephrosis secondary to staghorn calculus on urinary tract tomography is presented. Initially managed with antibiotics and nephrostomy under fluoroscopy, subsequently suspended by passing contrast to the intestine. A contrasted tomography was performed which reported a fistula from the kidney to the intestine. A nephrectomy was carried out and a fistula was found to the appendix, for which a concomitant appendectomy was performed with evident clinical improvement. The pathology reported xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and secondary appendicitis. Reno-appendicular fistula has nonspecific symptoms, contrasted tomography is a diagnostic tool and most are detected as an intraoperative finding. Treatment is usually surgical, with nephrectomy and intestinal segment repair. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(3): 79-84.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Apêndice , Pielonefrite Xantogranulomatosa , Fístula Urinária , Cálculos Coraliformes , Rim , NefrectomiaRESUMO
We conducted serologic surveillance for flaviviruses and orthobunyaviruses in vertebrate animals in Mexico in 2018-2019. Sera were collected from 856 vertebrate animals, including 323 dogs, 223 horses, and 121 cows, from 16 species. The animals were from 3 states: Chihuahua in northwest Mexico (704 animals) and Guerrero and Michoacán on the Pacific Coast (27 and 125 animals, respectively). Sera were assayed by plaque reduction neutralization test using four flaviviruses (dengue type 2, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile, and Zika viruses) and six orthobunyaviruses from the Bunyamwera (BUN) serogroup (Cache Valley, Lokern, Main Drain, Northway, Potosi, and Tensaw viruses). Antibodies to West Nile virus (WNV) were detected in 154 animals of 9 species, including 89 (39.9%) horses, 3 (21.4%) Indian peafowl, and 41 (12.7%) dogs. Antibodies to St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) were detected in seven animals, including three (0.9%) dogs. Antibodies to Lokern virus (LOKV) were detected in 22 animals: 19 (8.5%) horses, 2 (1.7%) cows, and a dog (0.3%). Antibodies to Main Drain virus (MDV) were detected in three (1.3%) horses. WNV and LOKV activity was detected in all three states, SLEV activity was detected in Chihuahua and Michoacán, and MDV activity was detected in Chihuahua. None of the animals was seropositive for Cache Valley virus, the most common and widely distributed BUN serogroup virus in North America. In conclusion, we provide serologic evidence that select flaviviruses and BUN serogroup viruses infect vertebrate animals in Chihuahua, Guerrero, and Michoacán. We also provide the first evidence of LOKV and MDV activity in Mexico.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos , Doenças do Cão , Encefalite de St. Louis , Doenças dos Cavalos , Febre do Nilo Ocidental , Vírus do Nilo Ocidental , Infecção por Zika virus , Zika virus , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais , Bovinos , Cães , Vírus da Encefalite de St. Louis , Encefalite de St. Louis/epidemiologia , Encefalite de St. Louis/veterinária , Feminino , Doenças dos Cavalos/epidemiologia , Cavalos , México/epidemiologia , Vertebrados , Febre do Nilo Ocidental/epidemiologia , Febre do Nilo Ocidental/veterinária , Infecção por Zika virus/veterináriaRESUMO
RESUMEN El leiomioma parauretral es una neoplasia benigna con pocos casos descritos en la literatura. El leiomioma abarca el 5% de los casos de las masas parauretrales, ocupando el cuarto lugar como una de las causas menos frecuentes, después del divertículo parauretral. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 43 años con antecedente de infección urinaria a repetición, con una masa de 8 cm en pared vaginal anterior de cuatro años de evolución. La cistoscopia fue normal y la ecografía mostró una lesión sólida parauretral. Se realizó resección por colpotomía sin complicaciones, con resultado de patología de leiomioma. Control postquirúrgico y uroflujometría normal. Dentro de las posibilidades diagnósticas ante una masa parauretral, el leiomioma debe considerarse. La sintomatología es variable, siendo los síntomas urinarios los más frecuentes. La ecografía y la resonancia son herramientas fundamentales y el manejo se basa en la resección quirúrgica, generalmente vía vaginal. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(2): 77-82.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Paraurethral leiomyoma is a rare benign neoplasm, with few cases described in the literature. Most of the data on prevalence are based on case series, the leiomyoma covers 5% of the paraurethral masses, occupying the fourth place as one of the less frequent causes, after parurethral diverticulum. Case: 43 years old patient with antecedents of recurring urinary infections and a previous 8 cm mass on the vaginal walls with 4 years of clinical evolution course. Cystoscopy was normal and ultrasound with a solid paraurethral injury. Colpotomy resection was performed without complications, resulting in leiomyoma pathology. Post-surgical control and normal uroflowmetry. Discussion and conclusion: leiomyomas should be considered as a possible diagnosis in case of a periurethral mass presence. Symptomatology is variable. The urinary symptoms are the most frequent as in this case. Ultrasonography and resonance are essential tools treatment are based on surgical resection which is usually vaginally. MÉD.UIS.2021;34(2): 77-82
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Leiomioma , Uretra , Vagina , Ultrassonografia , Colpotomia , NeoplasiasRESUMO
Cellular tRNAs appear today as a diverse population of informative macromolecules with conserved general elements ensuring essential common functions and different and distinctive features securing specific interactions and activities. Their differential expression and the variety of post-transcriptional modifications they are subject to, lead to the existence of complex repertoires of tRNA populations adjusted to defined cellular states. Despite the tRNA-coding genes redundancy in prokaryote and eukaryote genomes, it is surprising to note the absence of genes coding specific translational-active isoacceptors throughout the phylogeny. Through the analysis of different releases of tRNA databases, this review aims to provide a general summary about those "missing tRNA genes." This absence refers to both tRNAs that are not encoded in the genome, as well as others that show critical sequence variations that would prevent their activity as canonical translation adaptor molecules. Notably, while a group of genes are universally missing, others are absent in particular kingdoms. Functional information available allows to hypothesize that the exclusion of isodecoding molecules would be linked to: 1) reduce ambiguities of signals that define the specificity of the interactions in which the tRNAs are involved; 2) ensure the adaptation of the translational apparatus to the cellular state; 3) divert particular tRNA variants from ribosomal protein synthesis to other cellular functions. This leads to consider the "missing tRNA genes" as a source of putative non-canonical tRNA functions and to broaden the concept of adapter molecules in ribosomal-dependent protein synthesis.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Foods prone to deteriorate renal function are rich in fat and in phosphorus (P), but the interaction between these two factors is not well studied. METHOD: Detailed structural and ultrastructural histopathological studies were performed on the kidneys of rats fed different amounts of fat and P: low (4%) fat (LF) and normal (0.6%) P (NP), LF and high (1.2%) P (HP), high (35%) fat (HF) and NP, HF and HP, and HF with low (0.2%) P (LP) for 28 weeks. RESULTS: Glomeruli of the HF groups showed segmental areas of retraction, sclerosis and thickening of the Bowman's capsule and basal membranes, which were more accentuated in the HF-HP group. Ultrastructural lesions in the glomeruli also were prominent in rats fed HF, particularly in the HF-HP group, and included thickening of the capillary membrane, endothelial damage, mesangial matrix hypercellularity and podocyte effacement. P restriction reduced the severity of endothelial damage, mesangial matrix hypercellularity, thickening of capillary basement membrane and podocyte effacement. The kidneys of rats fed HP showed significant tubular atrophy and dilatation, focal tubular hyperplasia, thickening of the tubular basal membrane, interstitial edema, inflammation and calcification. All groups fed HF also showed tubular lesions that were more prominent in the HF-HP group. P restriction had a beneficial effect on inflammation and calcification. CONCLUSIONS: Intake of both HF and HP damages the kidneys and their noxious effects are additive. HF intake was preferentially associated with glomerular lesions, while lesions related to HP intake were located mainly in the tubuli and in the interstitium.
RESUMO
Abstract Introduction: The multiple academic demands in the university environment generate high levels of stress among students. Although said stress may be useful to meet such demands, in many cases, it can have a negative impact on their health. Objective: To assess whether the implementation of active meditation in the daily routine of health sciences university students impacts their physical and psycho-emotional stress indicators. Materials and methods: Exploratory and quantitative pilot study carried out in a sample of 22 university students who agreed to participate in a 3-month active meditation elective course (18 sessions). Participants were asked to fill out the Global State Perception Questionnaire (CPGE) ex-ante and ex-post taking the course. Results: 18 participants completed the GSPC ex-ante and ex-post, but only 16 were valid for data processing. Most students reported an improvement in their perception of coping with different stressful situations after completing the course. For example, 87.5% reported remaining in a relaxed state during stressful situations, 81% stated feeling decreased mental exhaustion, and 81% said they were better at handling stressful situations. Conclusions: The implementation of active meditation in the daily routine of this group of university students decreased their physical and psycho-emotional indicators of stress. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out new studies with larger samples to confirm the positive effect of this type of course on the health of university students, which will undoubtedly lead to better academic performance as a result of a better mental state.
Resumen Introducción. Las múltiples exigencias académicas a las que los estudiantes universitarios se enfrentan les generan altos niveles de estrés; si bien el estrés puede ayudarles a afrontar tales exigencias, en muchos casos este puede causarles diversos problemas de salud. Objetivo. Evaluar si la implementación de la meditación activa en la rutina diaria de estudiantes universitarios de las ciencias de la salud tiene un efecto en sus indicadores físicos y psicoemocionales. Materiales y métodos. Estudio piloto exploratorio y cuantitativo realizado en una muestra de 22 estudiantes universitarios que aceptaron participar en un curso electivo de meditación activa de 3 meses (18 sesiones). A los participantes se les solicitó diligenciar el Cuestionario de Percepción Global de Estado (CPGE) ex ante y ex post al curso. Resultados. 18 participantes completaron el CPGE ex ante y ex post, pero solo 16 fueron válidos para el procesamiento de datos. La mayoría de los estudiantes reportó una mejora respecto a su percepción sobre cómo enfrentar diferentes situaciones estresantes luego de completar el curso, por ejemplo, el 87.5% manifestó permanecer en un estado de relajación en situaciones estresantes; el 81%, una disminución del agotamiento mental, y el 81%, un mejor manejo de las situaciones estresantes. Conclusiones. La incorporación de la meditación activa en la rutina diaria de estos estudiantes disminuyó sus indicadores físicos y psicoemocionales de estrés, por lo que es necesario realizar nuevos estudios con muestras más grandes que permitan confirmar el efecto positivo de este tipo de cursos en la salud de los estudiantes universitarios, lo que sin duda repercutirá en un mejor rendimiento académico producto de un mejor estado mental.
Assuntos
Humanos , Estudantes , Saúde , MeditaçãoRESUMO
Human serum albumin presents in its primary structure only one free cysteine (Cys34) which constitutes the most abundant thiol of plasma. An antioxidant role can be attributed to this thiol, which is located in domain I of the protein. Herein we expressed domain I as a secretion protein using the yeast Pichia pastoris. In the initial step of ammonium sulfate precipitation, a brown pigment co-precipitated with domain I. Three chromatographic methods were evaluated, aiming to purify domain I from the pigment and other contaminants. Purification was achieved by cation exchange chromatography. The protein behaved as a non-covalent dimer. The primary sequence of domain I and the possibility of reducing Cys34 to the thiol state while avoiding the reduction of internal disulfides were confirmed by mass spectrometry. The reactivity of the thiol towards the disulfide 5,5´-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate) was studied and compared to that of full-length albumin. A ~24-fold increase in the rate constant was observed for domain I with respect to the entire protein. These results open the door to further characterization of the Cys34 thiol and its oxidized derivatives.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/química , Cisteína/genética , Albumina Sérica Humana/genética , Compostos de Sulfidrila/química , Cromatografia por Troca Iônica , Cisteína/química , Expressão Gênica/genética , Humanos , Domínios Proteicos/genética , Multimerização Proteica , Saccharomycetales/genética , Albumina Sérica Humana/químicaRESUMO
El presente trabajo aspira a evaluar la eficacia de un programa de Expresión Corporal, dentro de la asignatura de Educación Física, sobre el desarrollo de Habilidades Socioafectivas en alumnado de 4º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria de un centro ubicado en una zona de transformación social. Para demostrar dicha eficacia se realizó una investigación cuasiexperimental pretest-postest, desarrollando dos sesiones semanales durante cuatro meses, determinándose que el programa generaba diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el alumnado, incrementándose los patrones de relación y socialización. Igualmente se observaron cambios en la percepción sobre la capacidad para resolver conflictos, además de diferencias significativas asociadas a la edad y al sexo de los y las participantes. La puesta en marcha de un grupo de discusión permitió la medición de la satisfacción o la transferencia a la vida diaria de las Habilidades Socioafectivas. Esto lleva a concluir que la Expresión Corporal es una herramienta útil para el desarrollo de las citadas habilidades.
O presente trabalho aspira a avaliar a eficácia de um programa de Expressão Corporal, na disciplina de Educação Física, sobre o desenvolvimento de Habilidades Socioafetivas em estudantes do 4º ano do Ensino Médio Obrigatório de um centro localizado em uma zona de transformação social. Para demonstrar essa eficácia, foi realizada uma investigação quase experimental pré-pós-teste, desenvolvendo duas sessões semanais por quatro meses, determinando que o programa gerava diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos alunos, aumentando os padrões de relacionamento e socialização. Da mesma forma, foram observadas mudanças na percepção da capacidade de resolução de conflitos, além de diferenças significativas associadas a idade e sexo dos participantes. O início de um grupo de discussão permitiu medir a satisfação ou transferir para a vida cotidiana as habilidades socioafetivas. Isso leva à conclusão de que a Expressão Corporal é uma ferramenta útil para o desenvolvimento das habilidades mencionadas.
The present work evaluates the effectiveness of a Bodily Expression program on the development of socio-affective skills by 4th grade, Secondary Education students from a school located in an area of social transformation. To demonstrate this effectiveness, a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental investigation was carried out with two weekly sessions for four months to determine that the program made statistically significant differences for students, increasing relationship and socialization patterns. Likewise, there were changes in their perception about their ability to resolve conflicts, in addition to significant differences associated with participants' age and gender. A discussion group assessed satisfaction or the transference of Socio-Affective Skills to their daily lives. This leads to the conclusion that Bodily Expression is a useful tool to develop the aforementioned skills.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Educação Física e Treinamento , Socialização , Inteligência Emocional , Identidade de Gênero , Satisfação Pessoal , EstudantesRESUMO
Resumen Introducción. Un campo fundamental dentro de la inclusión educativa y social en los centros escolares es la atención a la diversidad. Objetivo. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la influencia del aula de apoyo de un colegio rural de infantil y primaria en la concepción social que sobre el alumnado con diferentes capacidades para el aprendizaje que acuden a la misma tiene el grupo de iguales de su aula de referencia donde están escolarizados. Materiales y métodos. En el estudio se han analizado mapas sociométricos de nueve clases, desde educación infantil de cuatro años a sexto de educación. Resultados. Los resultados muestran un aislamiento de este alumnado dentro de las dinámicas participativas entre iguales a nivel afectivo. Conclusión. Es preciso transformar las aulas en espacios donde se aprecie la diversidad del alumnado, potenciando su participación, presencia y progreso y fomentando las competencias afectivas y emocionales.
Abstract Introduction: Attention to diversity is a fundamental field within educational and social inclusion in schools. Objective: Analyze the influence of the Support Classroom of a rural infant and primary education school on the social conception that the group of peers in the reference classroom have of those students with different capacities attending the school. Materials and methods: The study lasted one academic year and analyzed a sociometric map of nine classes from infant level of four-year-old children up to sixth grade in primary school. Results: The results show the isolation of these pupils within the participative dynamics of their peers at an emotional level. Conclusions: It is necessary to transform classrooms into spaces where the diversity of the student is valued, promoting their participation, presence and progress, and by encouraging affective and emotional skills.
Resumo Introdução. Um campo fundamental dentro da inclusão educativa e social nos centros escolares é a atenção à diversidade. Objetivo. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a influência da sala de apoio de um colégio rural de jardim de infância e primária na conceição social sob o alunado com diferentes capacidades para a aprendizagem que vêm à mesma tem o grupo de iguais da sua aula de referência onde estão escolarizados. Materiais e métodos. No estudo se tem analisado mapas sociométricos de nove aulas, desde educação infantil de quatro anos até sexto de educação. Resultados. Os resultados mostram um isolamento deste alunado dentro das dinâmicas participativas entre iguais ao nível afetivo. Conclusão. É preciso transformar as aulas em espaços onde posa se apreciar a diversidade do alunado, potenciando a sua participação, presencia e progresso, e fomentando as competências afetivas e emocionais.
RESUMO
Background: The most frequent pancreatic tumours are derived from insulin-secreting β cells, commonly called insulinomas; these are characterised by high insulin secretion causing hypoglycemia and clinical signs such as seizures,tremors, weakness, and polyphagia, among others. In dogs, this tumour represents <0.5% of neoplasias; the majority aresolitary carcinoma masses and rarely adenomas. Insulin-secreting tumours are usually diagnosed in middle-aged or olderdogs. There is no apparent sex predilection for the disease and it has been mainly reported in medium to large breeds.Independently of whether they are adenomas or carcinomas, dogs have the same disease-free time and survival time andthe prognosis is poor.Case: An 8-year-old female Boxer was brought to the University Veterinary Hospital with a history of weakness, tremors,and generalised convulsions. Physical examination, CBC and urinalysis revealed no abnormalities. In the blood chemistryprofile, hypoglycemia was detected along with hyperinsulinemia. An abdominal ultrasound revealed the presence of twoabnormal masses located in the pancreas. The insulin:glucose ratio was 59.8. Exploratory celiotomy was performed andtwo masses were located in the mesentery, adjacent to the left pancreatic lobe, and a third was in the pancreatic tissue ofthe same lobule. All masses were resected during the same surgery. Cytology of the masses coincided with apparentlymalignant insulinoma, however, the histopathological and immunohistochemically report indicated an insulin-secretingadenoma. The patient improved clinically and remained stable for approximately 545 days, after which seizures relapsedand a new treatment was not approved. The patient died 575 days after surgery.Discussion: In dogs, pancreatic islet cell tumours correspond to endocrinologically active neoplasm that secrete hormonesand are associated with functional disorders (hyperinsulinemia) in relation to hypoglycemia...(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Hipoglicemia/veterinária , Hiperinsulinismo/veterinária , Insulinoma/complicações , Insulinoma/veterinária , Células Secretoras de Insulina/patologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/veterinária , Convulsões/veterináriaRESUMO
Background: The most frequent pancreatic tumours are derived from insulin-secreting β cells, commonly called insulinomas; these are characterised by high insulin secretion causing hypoglycemia and clinical signs such as seizures,tremors, weakness, and polyphagia, among others. In dogs, this tumour represents <0.5% of neoplasias; the majority aresolitary carcinoma masses and rarely adenomas. Insulin-secreting tumours are usually diagnosed in middle-aged or olderdogs. There is no apparent sex predilection for the disease and it has been mainly reported in medium to large breeds.Independently of whether they are adenomas or carcinomas, dogs have the same disease-free time and survival time andthe prognosis is poor.Case: An 8-year-old female Boxer was brought to the University Veterinary Hospital with a history of weakness, tremors,and generalised convulsions. Physical examination, CBC and urinalysis revealed no abnormalities. In the blood chemistryprofile, hypoglycemia was detected along with hyperinsulinemia. An abdominal ultrasound revealed the presence of twoabnormal masses located in the pancreas. The insulin:glucose ratio was 59.8. Exploratory celiotomy was performed andtwo masses were located in the mesentery, adjacent to the left pancreatic lobe, and a third was in the pancreatic tissue ofthe same lobule. All masses were resected during the same surgery. Cytology of the masses coincided with apparentlymalignant insulinoma, however, the histopathological and immunohistochemically report indicated an insulin-secretingadenoma. The patient improved clinically and remained stable for approximately 545 days, after which seizures relapsedand a new treatment was not approved. The patient died 575 days after surgery.Discussion: In dogs, pancreatic islet cell tumours correspond to endocrinologically active neoplasm that secrete hormonesand are associated with functional disorders (hyperinsulinemia) in relation to hypoglycemia...
Assuntos
Animais , Células Secretoras de Insulina/patologia , Hiperinsulinismo/veterinária , Hipoglicemia/veterinária , Insulinoma/complicações , Insulinoma/veterinária , Convulsões/veterinária , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/veterináriaRESUMO
Resumen: La enfermedad tromboembólica venosa (ETEV) es una patología con morbilidad y mortalidad elevadas. Su manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico está en permanente revisión. La ausencia de estudios epidemiológicos en nuestro medio implica un desconocimiento de la forma de presentación, etiología y recurrencia de la misma. Se propone un estudio descriptivo sobre la población de pacientes con ETEV en seguimiento en la policlínica de Trombosis y Hemostasis del Hospital Pasteur de Montevideo, durante el período 2015-2016. Se registraron 35 pacientes con ETEV. La ETEV provocada se asoció predominantemente a factores de riesgo mayor y en los cuales falló la adecuada prescripción de tromboprofilaxis. En los pacientes con ETEV no provocada, las trombofilias diagnosticadas fueron el síndrome de anticuerpos anti fosfolípidos, déficit de Antitrombina y mutación del gen de la protrombina heterocigoto. Los pacientes con ETEV no provocada tuvieron un elevado porcentaje de recurrencias, la mitad de ellas asociadas a trombofilia y la otra mitad sin factor de riesgo predisponente (ETEV idopática).
Abstract: Venous thromboembolic disease (VTD) is a condition with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The etiologic diagnosis and therapeutics are in a continuous review process. In our country there are still no epidemiologic studies about the clinic presentation, etiology and recurrence of VTD. This is a cohort study of patients assisted in ambulatory care at the Thrombosis and Haemostasis Clinic of the Hospital Pasteur in Montevideo, for the 2015-2016 period. 35 patients were registered with VTD. Provoked VTD was associated with major risk factors in which optimal prescription of thromboprofilaxis failed. In patients with unprovoked VTD, testing for trombophiliashowed Antitrombin deficiency, hetrocigotic mutation of the Protrombin and antiphospholipid antibodies. Patients with unprovoked VTD showed a high percentage of recurrences, half of them with associated trombophilia and the otherhalf with no risk factor (idiopatic VTD).
Resumo: O tromboembolismo venoso (VTE) é umadoençacom elevada morbilidade e mortalidade. Diagnóstico e manejo terapêutico está em constante revisão. A ausência de estudos epidemiológicos em nosso ambiente implica uma falta de apresentação, etiologia e recorrência do mesmo. Umestudodescritivonapopulação de pacientes com TEV monitorizaçãoproposto no polyclinic de Thrombosis and Haemostasis Hospital Pasteur em Montevidéu, durante o período de 2015-2016. 35 doentescom tromboembolismo venoso foramregistados. TEV causado predominantemente associada a fatores de risco aumentado e que falhou a prescriçãoadequada de tromboprofilaxia. Em pacientes com TEV não provocado os trombofilia foram diagnosticados síndrome anti fosfolipídiosdeficiência de antitrombina e mutação do heterozigoto protrombina. TEV pacientes nãocausaramuma elevada taxa de recorrência, metade delas associadacom trombofilia e meiasempredispondo factor de risco (idiopática VTD).
RESUMO
Resumen: Introducción: La enfermedad tromboembólica venosa (ETEV) constituye la principal causa de muerte prevenible en pacientes hospitalizados. Actualmente se encuentra validado el score de Padua para detectar los pacientes con patología médica con alto riesgo de ETEV. Objetivos: analizar la prescripción de tromboprofilaxis farmacológica en pacientes internados por patología médica y analizar el impacto que genera la realización de distintas estrategias para estimular la prescripción de la misma. Material y métodos: se realizó un corte transversal de todos los pacientes internados en cuidados moderados de medicina en diciembre 2014 aplicando el score de Padua. Tras varias intervenciones de educación, se realizó un segundo corte transversal un año después aplicando la misma herramienta. Resultados: 48/67 pacientes analizados en el primer corte tenían alto riesgo de trombosis, sólo 29 tenían indicación de tromboprofilaxis farmacológica. 32/52 pacientes analizados en el segundo corte tenían indicación, estando prescripta en 26 de los mismos (p: 0,0062) Discusión: la inclusión del score de Padua en las historias clínicas, la realización de instancias de revisión de guías, promoción de tromboprofilaxis y concientización de la ETEV en el personal médico aumentaron significativamente su prescripción.
Abstract: Introduction: Venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) is the leading cause of preventable death in hospitalized patients. The Padua score is currently validated to detect patients with medical pathology with a high risk of VTE. Objectives: to analyze the prescription of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in patients hospitalized for medical pathology and to analyze the impact of different strategies to stimulate the prescription of thromboprophylaxis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out of all patients admitted to moderate medical care in December 2014 applying the Padova score. After several educational interventions, a second cross-sectional study was carried out one year later using the same tool. Results: 48/67 patients analyzed in the first cut had a high risk of thrombosis, only 29 had an indication of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. 32/52 patients analyzed in the second section had an indication, being prescribed in 26 of them (p: 0.0062) Discussion: inclusion of the Padua score in the medical records, implementation of guidelines review, promotion of Thromboprophylaxis and ETEV awareness in the medical staff significantly increased its prescription.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Vascular calcification (VC), a major complication in humans and animals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), is influenced by changes in acid-base balance. The purpose of this study was to describe the acid-base balance in uremic rats with VC and to correlate the parameters that define acid-base equilibrium with VC. METHODS: Twenty-two rats with CKD induced by 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) and 10 nonuremic control rats were studied. RESULTS: The 5/6 Nx rats showed extensive VC as evidenced by a high aortic calcium (9.2 ± 1.7 mg/g of tissue) and phosphorus (20.6 ± 4.9 mg/g of tissue) content. Uremic rats had an increased pH level (7.57 ± 0.03) as a consequence of both respiratory (PaCO2 = 28.4 ± 2.1 mm Hg) and, to a lesser degree, metabolic (base excess = 4.1 ± 1 mmol/l) derangements. A high positive correlation between both anion gap (AG) and strong ion difference (SID) with aortic calcium (AG: r = 0.604, p = 0.02; SID: r = 0.647, p = 0.01) and with aortic phosphorus (AG: r = 0.684, p = 0.007; SID: r = 0.785, p = 0.01) was detected. CONCLUSIONS: In an experimental model of uremic rats, VC showed high positive correlation with AG and SID.
RESUMO
TP53 represents a suitable candidate for a colorectal cancer susceptibility locus. The polymorphism in the p53 72nd codon involves a proline to arginine substitution, leading to changes in gene transcription activity, interaction with other proteins and modulation of apoptosis. Studies evaluating the association between this polymorphism and colorectal cancer (CRC) have shown inconsistent results, and none have evaluated the mRNA status of TP53. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between this SNP expression at the mRNA level in CRC samples and patient clinicopathological variables and prognosis, p53 protein expression and TP53 mutation. This is the first report to describe the mRNA expression of p53 codon 72 alleles in CRC. We evaluated 101 non-related patients with CRC treated at the A.C. Camargo Cancer Center in Brazil. RNA was isolated from frozen tumor tissues using a trizol-based protocol. The polymorphism was detected using RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Associations were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, logistic regression and Cox. This polymorphism was significantly associated with clinicopathological variables related to increased tumor aggressiveness. The expression of Arg72 (OR, 3.83; CI 1.02-14.35; P=0.046) and the TNM stage (OR, 7.15; CI 1.45-35.29; P=0.016) were found to be independent predictors for recurrence. These data suggest that the mRNA expression of the Pro72 allele is associated with less favorable tumor features. The allele frequency of the p53 Pro72 was 0.26. The analysis of mRNA is important to determine the specific contribution of the allele expressed. These results suggest that this polymorphism may play a role in CRC.