RESUMO
This research aimed to determine whether triceps surae delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) affects stability while performing different postural control tasks requiring upright and landing stabilization. Twenty-four participants who self-reported as healthy were recruited. Pre and 48 h after a protocol to induce DOMS in the triceps surae, participants were evaluated for DOMS perception, pressure pain threshold, and postural control (assessed by the center of pressure, CoP) during different standing and landing stabilization tasks. We found higher DOMS perception and lower pressure pain threshold 48 h after the exercise. Mediolateral CoP displacement was more sensitive to DOMS across different postural tasks, but no effects were found for bilateral standing. The landing time to stabilization elicited high individual variability in the presence of DOMS. Effects of DOMS in the performance of less challenging tasks, such as bipedal standing, were not found. We conclude that DOMS in the triceps surae impairs mediolateral postural control during challenging tasks such as unilateral standing and body forward lean. It highlights the need for caution and individualized approaches when incorporating movements requiring frontal plane control in training and rehabilitation sessions under the presence of DOMS.
Assuntos
Músculo Esquelético , Mialgia , Equilíbrio Postural , Postura , Humanos , Masculino , Mialgia/fisiopatologia , Mialgia/etiologia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatologia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Equilíbrio Postural/fisiologia , Feminino , Postura/fisiologia , Adulto , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Adulto Jovem , Limiar da Dor/fisiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Plant defense elicitors are valuable tools in sustainable agriculture, providing an environmentally friendly and effective means of enhancing plant defense and promoting plant health. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most important fungal diseases of cereal crops worldwide. The PSP1 is a novel biopesticide formulated based on an elicitor, the extracellular protein AsES, from the fungus Sarocladium strictum. The present work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PSP1 in controlling FHB under field conditions. Experiments were conducted during three consecutive growing seasons (2019, 2020, and 2021). Three biostimulant treatments were tested in different physiological stages (from late tillering to heading stage), and FHB inoculations were performed at anthesis. Disease parameters, seed parameters, grain yield, and grain quality parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: Depending on the year and the genotype, reductions in disease incidence (up to 11%) and disease severity (up to 5%) were reported, although these differences could not be attributed to the use of the PSP1 biostimulant. Occasional improvements in seed parameters and grain quality were observed, suggesting that early treatments could work better than late treatments, probably due to early activation/priming of defense response mechanisms. However, more studies are deemed necessary. CONCLUSION: The use of PSP1 biostimulant in commercial wheat crops could be a biological alternative or complement to traditional chemical fungicides to manage FHB. The reduced environmental impact and the potential benefits in grain yield and quality are other reasons that can generate new adherents of this technology in worldwide agriculture systems in the coming years. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Assuntos
Grão Comestível , Fusarium , Doenças das Plantas , Triticum , Fusarium/fisiologia , Triticum/microbiologia , Triticum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Doenças das Plantas/prevenção & controle , Grão Comestível/microbiologia , Grão Comestível/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hypocreales/fisiologia , Agentes de Controle Biológico/farmacologiaRESUMO
El presente estudio observacional se realizó con monos Caí [Cebus apella] en cautiverio. El objetivo es identificar y comparar secuencias de manipulación de alimentos observadas en éstos individuos, analizando su contexto de ocurrencia y evaluando su posible homologación con alguno de los cuatro tipos de fabricación de herramientas propuestos por Beck [1980, citado por Westergaard & Fragaszy, 1987]. A partir del análisis de secuencias de manipulación de objetos fue posible establecer analogías entre las técnicas usadas por los individuos en la manipulación de alimentos y las cuatro modalidades de fabricación de herramientas. Los episodios en los que se observó la manipulación de objetos, ocurrieron en su mayoría en un contexto de alimentación. Así, hemos observado y registrado el empleo de técnicas para la manipulación de alimentos consideradas como propias de la fabricación de herramientas. De comprobarse éste paralelismo podría postularse a la preparación de alimentos como un posible antecedente en la aparición de la fabricación de herramientas en éste grupo [AU]