RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of fibrosis stages in cases of chronic hepatitis by comparing shear wave elastography and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: A total of 46 chronic hepatitis patients with an age range of 20-50 years were classified into three groups based on their fibrosis stages. Comparison group 1: the presence of fibrosis (S0 and S1≤); comparison group 2: the presence of significant fibrosis (≤S2 and S3≤); and comparison group 3: the presence of cirrhosis (≤S4 and S6). Shear wave velocities were measured by acoustic radiation force impulse elastography. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a 3.0 Tesla MRI device. RESULTS: In comparison group 1 (S0 and S1≤), the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity of acoustic radiation force impulse values were 0.784, 87, and 60%, respectively, while these values were 0.718, 80, and 66%, respectively, for apparent diffusion coefficient . In comparison group 2 (≤S2 and S3≤), the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity of acoustic radiation force impulse values were 0.917, 80, and 86%, respectively, and the apparent diffusion coefficient values were 0.778, 90, and 66%, respectively. In comparison group 3, the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity of acoustic radiation force impulse values were 0.977, 100, and 95%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the apparent diffusion coefficient values of the cases in the three groups (p=0.132). CONCLUSION: Noninvasive methods are gaining importance day by day for staging hepatic fibrosis. Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography was evaluated as a more reliable examination than diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in revealing the presence of fibrosis, determining significant fibrosis, and diagnosing cirrhosis.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Imagem por Elasticidade , Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Técnicas de Imagem por Elasticidade/métodos , Cirrose Hepática/diagnóstico por imagem , Cirrose Hepática/patologia , Hepatite Crônica/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Acústica , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado/patologiaRESUMO
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of fibrosis stages in cases of chronic hepatitis by comparing shear wave elastography and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: A total of 46 chronic hepatitis patients with an age range of 20-50 years were classified into three groups based on their fibrosis stages. Comparison group 1: the presence of fibrosis (S0 and S1≤); comparison group 2: the presence of significant fibrosis (≤S2 and S3≤); and comparison group 3: the presence of cirrhosis (≤S4 and S6). Shear wave velocities were measured by acoustic radiation force impulse elastography. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a 3.0 Tesla MRI device. RESULTS: In comparison group 1 (S0 and S1≤), the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity of acoustic radiation force impulse values were 0.784, 87, and 60%, respectively, while these values were 0.718, 80, and 66%, respectively, for apparent diffusion coefficient . In comparison group 2 (≤S2 and S3≤), the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity of acoustic radiation force impulse values were 0.917, 80, and 86%, respectively, and the apparent diffusion coefficient values were 0.778, 90, and 66%, respectively. In comparison group 3, the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity of acoustic radiation force impulse values were 0.977, 100, and 95%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the apparent diffusion coefficient values of the cases in the three groups (p=0.132). CONCLUSION: Noninvasive methods are gaining importance day by day for staging hepatic fibrosis. Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography was evaluated as a more reliable examination than diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in revealing the presence of fibrosis, determining significant fibrosis, and diagnosing cirrhosis.
RESUMO
Breeding strategies aim to reduce lameness in dairies by using predictor traits to increase the selection of dairy cows. This study enhanced the present knowledge about association between the claw conformations (CC), hindlimb conformation (HiLC), gait, and body condition score (BCS) in dairy cows. A total of 166 lactating Holstein cows were enrolled in the study and scored for BCS, CC, HiLC, and gait. The abnormal HiLC group was statistically significant (P<0.001) to have more abnormal CC. Hock in (Hin) cows showed significance (P<0.001) with CC abnormalities. Cows with abnormal gait have less abnormal claw and limb conformation than normal cows (P=0.032). Lactation number (P=0.036) and abnormal HiLC (P<0.001) were significantly increased risk for CC. The present results might be useful for claw and hindlimb conformations, and breeding strategies of the herd.
Estratégias de melhoramento visam reduzir a claudicação em gado leiteiro usando características preditoras para aumentar a seleção de vacas com alta produtividade. Os objetivos deste estudo foram aumentar o conhecimento atual sobre a associação entre as conformações do casco (CC), conformação dos membros posteriores (HiLC), marcha e escore de condição corporal (BCS) em vacas leiteiras. Um total de 166 vacas Holandesas em lactação foram incluídas no estudo e pontuadas para BCS, CC, HiLC e marcha. O grupo HiLC anormal foi considerado estatisticamente significativo (P <0,001) para ter mais CC anormal. Vacas Hock in (Hin) mostraram significância (P <0,001) com anormalidades CC. Vacas com marcha anormal têm menos conformação anormal de cascos e membros do que vacas normais (P = 0,032). Número de lactação (P = 0,036) e HiLC anormal (P <0,001) aumentaram significativamente o risco de CC. Os presentes resultados podem ser úteis para conformações de cascos e membros posteriores e estratégias de reprodução do rebanho.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Bovinos/anatomia & histologia , Análise da Marcha/veterinária , Membro Posterior/anatomia & histologia , Casco e Garras/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
ABSTRACT Urethral stricture is a common disease with high recurrence rate. Several manipulations were defined to prevent the recurrence but the results were disappointing. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of triamcinolone and mitomycin-C on urethral stricture formation and their effect on inhibition of urethral fibrosis. A total of 24 New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups. Urethras of rabbits were traumatized with pediatric resectoscope. Resection area was irrigated with 10mL saline, swapped with a cotton wool soaked with 0.5mg/mL MMC and injected by 40mg triamcinolone in groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Retrograde urethrogram was performed at 28th day of procedure and the urethra was removed for histopathologic evaluation. There were significant differences in urethral diameters and in lumen reduction rate between the control and study groups (p<0.001). Compared to control group, all treatment groups showed mild fibrosis, less collagen bundle irregularity, and lower numbers of fibroblasts (p=0.003). The Tunnel assay showed that the number of apoptotic cells in the submucosal connective tissue was quantitatively higher in control groups (p=0.034). In the view of efficacy and safety, MMC and triamcinolone have the potential to replace the use of stents, clean intermittent catheterization, or long term catheters following internal urethrotomy. There were no statistically significant differences between two agents in terms of preventing urethral stricture formation in the present study. Mitomycin C and triamcinolone decreased the recurrence rates of urethral stricture.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Estreitamento Uretral/prevenção & controle , Triancinolona/uso terapêutico , Mitomicina/uso terapêutico , Coelhos , Modelos Animais de DoençasRESUMO
Urethral stricture is a common disease with high recurrence rate. Several manipulations were defined to prevent the recurrence but the results were disappointing. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of triamcinolone and mitomycin-C on urethral stricture formation and their effect on inhibition of urethral fibrosis. A total of 24 New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups. Urethras of rabbits were traumatized with pediatric resectoscope. Resection area was irrigated with 10mL saline, swapped with a cotton wool soaked with 0.5mg/mL MMC and injected by 40mg triamcinolone in groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Retrograde urethrogram was performed at 28th day of procedure and the urethra was removed for histopathologic evaluation. There were significant differences in urethral diameters and in lumen reduction rate between the control and study groups (p<0.001). Compared to control group, all treatment groups showed mild fibrosis, less collagen bundle irregularity, and lower numbers of fibroblasts (p=0.003). The Tunnel assay showed that the number of apoptotic cells in the submucosal connective tissue was quantitatively higher in control groups (p=0.034). In the view of efficacy and safety, MMC and triamcinolone have the potential to replace the use of stents, clean intermittent catheterization, or long term catheters following internal urethrotomy. There were no statistically significant differences between two agents in terms of preventing urethral stricture formation in the present study. Mitomycin C and triamcinolone decreased the recurrence rates of urethral stricture.
Assuntos
Mitomicina/uso terapêutico , Triancinolona/uso terapêutico , Estreitamento Uretral/prevenção & controle , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Masculino , CoelhosRESUMO
ObjectiveThere is a growing body of data supporting the association between diabetes and microcirculatory disfunction. We aimed to study e-selectin levels, and their associations with serum markers of inflammation and arterial stiffness in prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes patients in this study.Subjects and methodsSixty patients (25 females) with a newly established elevated fasting serum glucose [20 impaired fasting glucose (IFG), 20 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), 20 newly diagnosed diabetes (T2DM)] and 17 healthy controls (13 females) were included in the study. Serum e-selectin and hs-CRP levels, and arterial stiffness parameters of the patients were studied.ResultsFasting serum glucose was the most important predictor of serum e-selectin levels. Pulse wave velocity and central aortic pressures were significantly higher in IFG, IGT and T2DM groups, compared to controls (p = 0.001, < 0.001, 0.013 and 0.015, 0.002, 0.009, respectively). The mean arterial pressure did not show any significant association with serum e-selectin and hs-CRP levels (β coefficient: 0.092, p = 0.358; and β coefficient: 0.189, p = 0.362, respectively).ConclusionPrediabetes patients have increasing e-selectin levels through the diagnosis of T2DM. E-selectin is associated with serum glucose levels. Prediabetic and newly diagnosed diabetics have higher arterial stiffness measurements. Serum e-selectin may be a good marker of endothelial inflammation and dysfunction increasing in parallel with serum glucose levels, predicting future cardiovascular events.
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , /metabolismo , Selectina E/sangue , Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Estado Pré-Diabético/metabolismo , Rigidez Vascular/fisiologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Glicemia/análise , Estudos de Casos e Controles , /fisiopatologia , Endotélio Vascular/fisiopatologia , Jejum/sangue , Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Microcirculação , Análise de Onda de Pulso , Estado Pré-Diabético/fisiopatologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: There is a growing body of data supporting the association between diabetes and microcirculatory disfunction. We aimed to study e-selectin levels, and their associations with serum markers of inflammation and arterial stiffness in prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes patients in this study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty patients (25 females) with a newly established elevated fasting serum glucose [20 impaired fasting glucose (IFG), 20 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), 20 newly diagnosed diabetes (T2DM)] and 17 healthy controls (13 females) were included in the study. Serum e-selectin and hs-CRP levels, and arterial stiffness parameters of the patients were studied. RESULTS: Fasting serum glucose was the most important predictor of serum e-selectin levels. Pulse wave velocity and central aortic pressures were significantly higher in IFG, IGT and T2DM groups, compared to controls (p = 0.001, < 0.001, 0.013 and 0.015, 0.002, 0.009, respectively). The mean arterial pressure did not show any significant association with serum e-selectin and hs-CRP levels (ß coefficient: 0.092, p = 0.358; and ß coefficient: 0.189, p = 0.362, respectively). CONCLUSION: Prediabetes patients have increasing e-selectin levels through the diagnosis of T2DM. E-selectin is associated with serum glucose levels. Prediabetic and newly diagnosed diabetics have higher arterial stiffness measurements. Serum e-selectin may be a good marker of endothelial inflammation and dysfunction increasing in parallel with serum glucose levels, predicting future cardiovascular events.