RESUMO
Adiantum capillus-veneris L., Pteridaceae, is a fern reputed to have numerous applications in traditional medicine in the treatment of leprosy, animal bites, thyroid dysfunction and musculoskeletal disorder.The proposed study was aimed to investigate the potency of the fern Adiantum capillus-veneris on the thyroid dysfunction - hypothyroidism in terms of determining thyroid gland weight, thyroid peroxidase activity, estimation of iodine in urine, concentrations of total thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in serum. The weight of thyroid gland was decreased, while thyroid peroxidase activity, serum T4 (p < 0.01) and serum T3 levels (p < 0.01) were increased in animals treated with the ethanol plant extract (500 mg/kg); but serum TSH level decreased significantly (p < 0.01) when compared with hypothyroid control animals. The SOD, Catalase and glutathione antioxidant enzyme levels and lipid peroxidation were measured.The results of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme assay indicated that the level of malondialdehyde was significantly lowered and the levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly increased when treated with ethanol extract of Adiantum capillus (500 mg/kg). Polyphenolic compounds viz., quercetin and gallic acid were determined by HPTLC analysis. With the outlined results, Adiantum capillus could be used for the regulation of hypothyroidism.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: To survey the epidemiologic findings of infections and antibiotic resistance patterns in the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care university teaching hospital. METHODS: The microbiologic culture-sensitivity reports of patients admitted to a surgical ICU were prospectively studied for 6 months each of 3 consecutive years. The antibiotic usage for these patients also was studied concurrently. Reports from general surgical wards for 6 months of 1 year also were analyzed for comparison. The common specimens assayed microbiologically were tracheal aspirate, urine, blood, wound swabs, invasive catheter tips, and screening swabs for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. RESULTS: The organisms reported were Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas species, S aureus, and enterococci. Organisms were highly resistant to amoxicillin and first-generation cephalosporins because of the wide use of these drugs in the hospital. Pseudomonas species showed a 25% increase in resistance to piperacillin-tazobactam and an 18% increase to ciprofloxacin, which was correlated with the increased use of these antimicrobial agents (82% and 200% increases, respectively) in the unit during the 3 years. There was no increase in the resistance to ceftazidime because it is used less often. The resistance to ciprofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ceftazidime was significantly greater in the ICU than in the general surgical wards in the same study period. CONCLUSIONS: The study provided data of antimicrobial resistance in a developing country with tourism as the main industry for epidemiologic comparison with other countries.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Adulto , Idoso , Infecções Bacterianas/classificação , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/prevenção & controle , Barbados/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Controle de Infecções , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Sixteen patients requiring general anaesthesia for termination of pregnancy by dilatation and evacuation of the uterus were studied. Arterial and end-tidal carbon dioxide tensions were determined during anaesthesia. The mean arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference was 0.07 kPa (-0.02-0.16, 5-95 per cent confidence limits). These results were similar to those observed during Caesarean section and those during anaesthesia for post-delivery tubal ligations. The physiological changes such as increased cardiac output, haemodilution, and increased blood volume which manifest by 12 weeks of gestation probably result in a reduced (a-E')PCO2 value.
Assuntos
Anestesia por Inalação , Anestesia Obstétrica , Dióxido de Carbono/análise , Aborto Induzido , Adulto , Dióxido de Carbono/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Pressão Parcial , Gravidez , Primeiro Trimestre da GravidezRESUMO
Propofol, a new intravenous anaesthetic induction agent, was evaluated on female patients undergoing short surgical procedures. The incidence of pain on injection, apnonea following injection, and the fall of systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, was similar to yhat previously reported. There was no significant fall in pulse rate. The quality of anaeshesia during induction was good in all patients who reported they would be happy to receive the drug agaim