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1.
Ann Hum Genet ; 71(Pt 6): 782-90, 2007 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17596204

RESUMO

The transatlantic slave trade lasted over three centuries and represents one of the largest forced migrations in human history. The biological repercussions are not well understood especially in African-Caribbean populations. This paper explores the effects of the forced migration, isolation, and admixture on genetic diversity using mitochondrial and Y chromosome markers for 501 individuals from Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Thomas, St. Vincent, and Trinidad. Genetic diversity and population genetic structure analyses of mitochondrial data and Y chromosome data indicate that there was no post-migration loss in genetic diversity in the African derived lineages. Genetic structure was observed between the islands for both genetic systems. This may be due to isolation, differences in the number and source of Africans imported, depopulation of indigenous populations, and/or differences in colonization history. Nearly 10% of the individuals belonged to a non-African mitochondrial haplogroup. In contrast, Y chromosome admixture estimates showed that there was nearly 30% European contribution to these Caribbean populations. This study sheds light on the history of Africans in the Americas as well as contributing to our understanding of the nature and extent of diversity within the African Diaspora.


Assuntos
Cromossomos Humanos Y/genética , DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Variação Genética , África/etnologia , População Negra/genética , Emigração e Imigração , Feminino , Fluxo Gênico , Genoma Humano , Genoma Mitocondrial , Haplótipos , Humanos , Idioma , Masculino , Problemas Sociais , Índias Ocidentais , População Branca/genética
2.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis ; 9(3): 284-92, 2006.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16733517

RESUMO

Apoptosis is an essential physiological process that regulates cellular proliferation. Here, we explored the effect of DNA sequence variation within the BCL-2 gene on prostate cancer susceptibility in three clinical populations, consisting of 428 African Americans, 214 Jamaicans and 218 European Americans. We observed a 70% reduced risk for prostate cancer among the European Americans who had possessed two copies of a promoter variant -938C/A. Additionally, common BCL-2 haplotypes appeared to influence prostate cancer risk; however, studies in larger data sets are needed to confirm our findings. Our data suggest that inherited BCL-2 variants may be associated with a decrease in prostate cancer susceptibility.


Assuntos
Carcinoma/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Variação Genética , Mutação em Linhagem Germinativa , Neoplasias da Próstata/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética , Adulto , Negro ou Afro-Americano/genética , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Haplótipos , Humanos , Padrões de Herança , Jamaica/etnologia , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Biológicos , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Elementos Reguladores de Transcrição , População Branca/genética
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