RESUMO
Tandem repeat proteins (TRPs) are major immunoreactive proteins of Ehrlichia canis, which have been used in the serological diagnosis of different genotypes of the microorganism. TRP19 is preserved among different E. canis isolates expressed on both reticulate and dense-core cells and observed in the extracellular matrix or associated with the morula membrane. TRP36 is differentially expressed only on the surface of the dense-core form of the bacterium and exhibits more divergence among isolates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of the American (USTRP36), Brazilian (BrTRP36) and Costa Rican (CRTRP36) genotypes of E. canis in Brazil, using ELISA assays. Serum samples of 814 dogs from 49 municipalities from all over Brazil were analyzed. Our results showed that 33.9% of the samples were reactive to the USTRP36 genotype and 32.6% to the BrTRP36 genotype. The two genotypes appeared to occur equally throughout Brazil, although the frequency of seropositivity was lower in the south than in the country's other regions. Dogs that reacted to at least one of the synthetic peptides (TRP19 and TRP36) were 456 (56%). A few dogs (n = 5; 0.6%) reactive to the E. canis TRP36 genotype (CRTRP36) were also detected in the northeast and southern regions. We concluded that the American and Brazilian genotypes of E. canis are distributed evenly in Brazil, especially in the tropical region, while the temperate region in the south presented the lowest prevalence rates. This study offers the first report of dogs seropositive for the Costa Rican genotype in Brazil.
RESUMO
Thrombocytosis refers to the increase in number of platelets per microliter (µL) of blood. Platelet counts greater than 1,000,000/µL may be associated with clinical signs of bleeding or thrombosis. Previous studies on underlying causes of thrombocytosis have aroused the interest of researchers about its clinical importance in dogs. The objective of this study was to analyze the blood cell counts in dogs in order to define the main diseases or clinical conditions that were associated with thrombocytosis, from 2016 to 2017. This was done to determine the incidence of thrombocytosis, and categorize the increase in platelet count with respect to severity. Of the 12,676 blood samples analyzed, 4.5% presented thrombocytosis (n = 573). Similar mean platelet counts were observed in all diagnosis or different categories of clinical conditions (neoplasms; gastrointestinal, endocrine, and ophthalmological diseases; trauma and surgery; dermatological, cardiac, neurological, infectious, respiratory, genitourinary, idiopathic, and multiple diseases; and pregnancy) with no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05). The disorders most commonly associated with thrombocytosis were gastrointestinal diseases, followed by neoplasms. Furthermore, increased platelet counts were observed in dogs treated with glucocorticoids and vincristine drugs. As for the degree of severity, extreme thrombocytosis occurred more frequently in the presence of gastrointestinal diseases.(AU)
A trombocitose é o aumento do número de plaquetas por microlitro (µL) de sangue e contagens maiores que 1.000.000/µL podem estar associadas a sinais clínicos de sangramento ou trombose. Estudos anteriores sobre as causas subjacentes da trombocitose tem despertado o interesse quanto a sua importância clínica em cães. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar hemogramas de cães, com a finalidade de definir as principais doenças ou condições clínicas associadas à trombocitose dentro do período de dois anos, determinar a incidência e ainda categorizar as contagens de acordo com a severidade do aumento de plaquetas. De 12.676 hemogramas analisados, observou-se incidência de trombocitose de 4,5% (n=573). As contagens médias de plaquetas em todas as categorias de diagnósticos ou condições clínica (neoplasias, doenças gastrointestinais, endócrinas, oftalmológicas, traumas e cirurgias, dermatológicas, cardíacas, neurológicas, infecciosas, respiratórias, geniturinárias, idiopáticas, múltiplas e gestação) foram semelhantes, não havendo diferença significativa entre elas (P≥0,05). Os distúrbios mais comumente associados à trombocitose foram as doenças gastrointestinais seguidas de neoplasias. Além disso, os aumentos na contagem de plaquetas foram observados em cães tratados com glicocorticoides e vincristina. Quanto ao grau de severidade, a trombocitose extrema ocorreu mais frequentemente nas doenças gastrointestinais.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Trombocitose/sangue , Trombocitose/complicações , Trombocitose/veterinária , Plaquetas , Gastroenteropatias/veterinária , Contagem de Células Sanguíneas/veterinária , BrasilRESUMO
Thrombocytosis refers to the increase in number of platelets per microliter (µL) of blood. Platelet counts greater than 1,000,000/µL may be associated with clinical signs of bleeding or thrombosis. Previous studies on underlying causes of thrombocytosis have aroused the interest of researchers about its clinical importance in dogs. The objective of this study was to analyze the blood cell counts in dogs in order to define the main diseases or clinical conditions that were associated with thrombocytosis, from 2016 to 2017. This was done to determine the incidence of thrombocytosis, and categorize the increase in platelet count with respect to severity. Of the 12,676 blood samples analyzed, 4.5% presented thrombocytosis (n = 573). Similar mean platelet counts were observed in all diagnosis or different categories of clinical conditions (neoplasms; gastrointestinal, endocrine, and ophthalmological diseases; trauma and surgery; dermatological, cardiac, neurological, infectious, respiratory, genitourinary, idiopathic, and multiple diseases; and pregnancy) with no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05). The disorders most commonly associated with thrombocytosis were gastrointestinal diseases, followed by neoplasms. Furthermore, increased platelet counts were observed in dogs treated with glucocorticoids and vincristine drugs. As for the degree of severity, extreme thrombocytosis occurred more frequently in the presence of gastrointestinal diseases.
A trombocitose é o aumento do número de plaquetas por microlitro (µL) de sangue e contagens maiores que 1.000.000/µL podem estar associadas a sinais clínicos de sangramento ou trombose. Estudos anteriores sobre as causas subjacentes da trombocitose tem despertado o interesse quanto a sua importância clínica em cães. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar hemogramas de cães, com a finalidade de definir as principais doenças ou condições clínicas associadas à trombocitose dentro do período de dois anos, determinar a incidência e ainda categorizar as contagens de acordo com a severidade do aumento de plaquetas. De 12.676 hemogramas analisados, observou-se incidência de trombocitose de 4,5% (n=573). As contagens médias de plaquetas em todas as categorias de diagnósticos ou condições clínica (neoplasias, doenças gastrointestinais, endócrinas, oftalmológicas, traumas e cirurgias, dermatológicas, cardíacas, neurológicas, infecciosas, respiratórias, geniturinárias, idiopáticas, múltiplas e gestação) foram semelhantes, não havendo diferença significativa entre elas (P≥0,05). Os distúrbios mais comumente associados à trombocitose foram as doenças gastrointestinais seguidas de neoplasias. Além disso, os aumentos na contagem de plaquetas foram observados em cães tratados com glicocorticoides e vincristina. Quanto ao grau de severidade, a trombocitose extrema ocorreu mais frequentemente nas doenças gastrointestinais.