RESUMO
Paralytic poliomyelitis was observed in a child with a sex-linked defect in immunoglobulin synthesis. Evidence is presented that this was secondary to administration of oral, live poliovaccine. The demonstration of a familial sex-linked gammaglobulin deficiency and the failure to document a defect in cell-mediated immunity in this child extends the risk of vaccine associated poliomyelitis to virtually all forms of immunodeficiency. The critical host factors in the pathogenesis of poliovirus vaccine infection and in particular its unfavorable outcome appear to include either a deficiency in the humoral (B cell) system or in the cell-mediated (T cell) system.
Assuntos
Agamaglobulinemia/complicações , Poliomielite/etiologia , Vacina Antipólio Oral/efeitos adversos , Agamaglobulinemia/imunologia , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Imunidade , Imunidade Celular , Imunoglobulinas/biossíntese , Lactente , Masculino , Poliomielite/imunologia , Poliomielite/microbiologia , Poliovirus/isolamento & purificação , Aberrações dos Cromossomos Sexuais , Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
Respiratory syncytial virus ts-1 is a live attenuated experimental vaccine which was administered intranasally to 25 infants 11 to 19 months of age. Clinical evaluation was carried out following a controlled, double-blind protocol which eliminated observer bias, assessed intercurrent illness, and was designed to detect virus transmission. At the low dose of virus of virus used (100 TCID50) 8 of the 25 recipients were successfully infected with RS virus ts-1 as determined by virus shedding or antibody response.
Assuntos
Vírus Sinciciais Respiratórios/imunologia , Vacinas Atenuadas , Vacinas Virais , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Humanos , Lactente , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/prevenção & controle , Infecções Respiratórias/prevenção & controle , Vacinação , Vacinas Atenuadas/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagemRESUMO
A monovalent, zonally purified, inactivated influenza B vaccine was administered to 29 children, 3 to 6 years of age, and 16 infants, 12 to 28 months of age, as a single dose of 0.25 ml containing 250 chick cell agglutinating units. The vaccine was both antigenic and well tolerated in the older group of preschool children. In the infants the vaccine was also antigenic but poorly tolerated clinically. Febrile reactions to 102 or greater were seen in 9 of the 16 infants, and two of these infants experienced a seizure following vaccination. The clinical reactions observed with the administration of influenza B vaccine in the dose used in this study would suggest significant limitations on its use in children under 3 years of age.
Assuntos
Formação de Anticorpos , Febre , Vacinas contra Influenza/efeitos adversos , Orthomyxoviridae/imunologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Eritema/etiologia , Febre/etiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Influenza Humana/imunologiaRESUMO
Influenza A/Hong Kong/68-ts-1 [E] (H3N2) vaccine was administered intranasally to 18 seronegative children 14 to 32 months of age. Fourteen children, 78%, shed influenza A/Hong Kong virus for a mean of eight days following vaccination. Sixteen children, 89%, experienced a fourfold or greater rise in hemagglutination-inhibition antibody. Some children appeared to experience a febrile reaction to the vaccine although interpretation of this data was complicated by intercurrent illness. These findings demonstrate that influenza A ts-1 [E] replicates more readily in the young seronegative child than in the HAI negative adult. In addition, the temperature-sensitive marker of the vaccine was not genetically stable in four of the vaccinated children. Careful evaluation of any future live respiratory viral vaccines needs to be undertaken in the young seronegative child before the vaccine's safety is fully established.