RESUMO
The genus Endecous (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae), commonly found in caves, comprises more than 20 species, grouped into three subgenera: E. (Endecous), E. (Pedroecous) and E. (Notendecous). In this study, from differences observed mainly in the male genitalia, we describe a new subgenus-Endecous (Ramalhoecous) n. sp.-as well as three new species-E. (R.) infernalis n. sp., E. (E.) zin n. sp. and E. (E.) zaum n. sp.-all of them collected in caves in the Serra do Ramalho region, Northeastern, Brazil. We also briefly discuss some troglomorphisms verified in one of the new species: E. (R.) infernalis n. sp.
Assuntos
Gryllidae , Ortópteros , Masculino , Animais , Brasil , Distribuição Animal , Estruturas AnimaisRESUMO
In this study, four new Brazilian species are described for the genus Adelosgryllus Mesa Zefa, 2004, occurring in Minas Gerais, Tocantins and Par states. Three of these species were found in caves and one was found in endogenous habitats, representing the first record of species form this genus for such habitats. The morphology of the phallic complex was used as the main criterion for distinguishing the new species, the copulatory papilla was also described for one of the new species. Finally, we bring a brief discussion about the ecology, distribution, and conservation of these species.
Assuntos
Gryllidae , Animais , Brasil , Cavernas , EcossistemaRESUMO
The current work presents the description of a new species for the genus Arachnopsita Desutter-Grandcolas Hubbell, 1993 from caves in the municipality of Raxruh, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. The morphology of the phallic complex was used as the main criterion for distinguishing the species. In addition, we present the additional description for Arachnopsita cavicola (Saussure, 1897) and Arachnopsita uncinata Desutter-Grandcolas, 1997 from a new analyzed material. Finally, we present some ecological remarks for all the studied species as well as a brief discussion on troglomorphic traits for the genus.
Assuntos
Gryllidae , Ortópteros , Distribuição Animal , Estruturas Animais/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Guatemala , FenótipoRESUMO
The first species for the genus Adelosgryllus Mesa Zefa, 2004 recorded in caves is herein described. We used the morphology of the phallic complex as the main criteria to differentiate this species from the congeneric ones. In addition, we discussed the natural history of the new species, some aspects of its association to the cave habitats, and the intraspecific variation of the right tegmen observed in two populations of this new species.
Assuntos
Gryllidae , Ortópteros , Animais , Brasil , Cavernas , EcossistemaRESUMO
The current work presents the description of five new cricket species for the genus Phalangopsis Serville, 1831 found in Brazilian caves in the Amazonas, Mato Grosso and Pará states, northern Brazil. The morphology of the phallic complex was used as the main criterion for distinguishing the species. In addition, we present data on the natural history and ecology of the new species as well as hypothesis about the variations of tegmina size in relation to the subterranean lifestyle for the genus. Finally, we provide a pictorial key based on adult males for the Phalangopsis species.
Assuntos
Gryllidae , Animais , Brasil , Florestas , MasculinoRESUMO
A new cricket species of the genus Endecous Saussure, 1878 is described in the present work found in the speleological province of Arcos-Pains-Doresópolis, which belongs to the limestone group Bambuí, Brazil. Moreover, the spatial distribution of the new species was related to the species Eidmanacris sp., which co-occurs with the former in several caves. Relationships between species abundance and horizontal projection, number of entrances and environmental stability of the caves where these species coexist were evaluated. The presence of bilateral symmetry in individuals of Endecous painensis n. sp. perhaps due to environmental stress caused by mining activities surrounding the cave was also tested. Endecous crickets are commonly observed in the caves, for which the preference by distinct microhabitats and generalist strategies may be key factors explaining colonization and segregation in relation to other cricket species in subterranean habitats. The generalist lifestyle of the here described species may attenuate the effects environmental stresses over development.