RESUMO
Malva parviflora has shown anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic, and hypoglycemic effects. This study is aimed to evaluate the anti-adipogenic effect of M. parviflora on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Fibroblast differentiation was induced either in the absence or presence of M. parviflora fractions (F3, F4, F7, F12, F13, F17, F18 and F19) for 4 days; F17 and 18 were the most effective fractions in reducing intracellular lipid accumulation (by 25.6% and 23.1%, respectively). EC50 of F17 and F18 (14 µg/mL and 17 µg/mL, respectively) were used to evaluate their anti adipogenic effect. After 10 days of inducing differentiation in the absence or presence of the extracts at the EC50 of F17 and F18, lipid accumulation, the concentration of interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured in the culture medium; the presence of PPAR-γ, AKT, and p-AKT was also determined. In differentiated adipocytes (C2), F17 maintained intracellular lipid concentration at levels comparable to metformin, while decreasing PPAR-γ and increasing p-AKT presence; it also prevented IL-6 expression. F17 consists of alanine, valine, phenylalanine, and proline. On the other hand, F18 reduced intracellular lipid concentrations, prevented the increase of PPAR-γ and p-AKT, and maintained IL-6 expression at similar levels as metformin. F18 is mainly constituted by alanine, valine, proline, and sucrose. In conclusion, M. parviflora fractions (F17 and F18) control the process of adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and cellular dysfunction.
Assuntos
Células 3T3-L1 , Adipócitos , Adipogenia , PPAR gama , Extratos Vegetais , Animais , Camundongos , Adipócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Adipócitos/metabolismo , Adipócitos/citologia , Adipogenia/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , PPAR gama/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismoRESUMO
The aerial parts of Tilia americana var. mexicana (Schltdl) Hardin (Tiliaceae) have been widely used in Mexican traditional medicine to relieve sleeplessness, headache, and nervous excitement. The anxiolytic effect of four extracts and several flavonoid fractions from the bracts of Tilia americana subsp.mexicana, var. mexicana (Schltdl) Hardin or Tilia mexicana (Tiliaceae) was studied. Administration of 100mg/kg of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts to elevated plus-maze (EPM)-exposed mice displayed no anxiolytic effect; however, identical doses of methanol extract was able to increase the time percentage that mice spent in the EPM's open arms, as well as the percentage of crossings in the EPM's arms. The dose-response curve produced by methanol extract showed anxiolytic activity since 25mg/kg; animals showed no motor activity alteration in the open field test (OFT). Methanol extract was subjected to a bioassay-guided fractionation to obtain four ascendant polarity fractions (F1-F4) which were administrated at 100mg/kg. Data results indicate that F1 displayed the main anxiolytic effect. The purification of F1 produced a rich flavonoid anxiolytic mixture (F1C). This fraction was purified by RP-18 open chromatographic column to obtain four polar descent fractions: F1C(1), F1C(2), F1C(3), and F1C(4), respectively. Tiliroside was the major ingredient from the active fraction. High performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that F1C was constituted principally of tiliroside, quercetin, quercitrin, kaempherol, and their glycosides. These results supported the use of Tilia americana in Mexican traditional medicine as well as the anxiolytic effect of a rich flavonoid fraction without affect motor activity.