RESUMO
Cocoa has been widely discussed as a bioactive food rich in sensory stimulation and health benefits. However, no information has been provided concerning phytoprostanes (PhytoPs) and phytofurans (PhytoFs) in cocoa. These compounds are of interest because they play a role in the regulation of immune function. The present study included 31 cocoa clones. The PhytoPs and PhytoFs were quantified by UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS. The total PhytoPs and PhytoFs contents ranged from 221.46 to 1589.83â¯ngâ¯g-1 and from 1.18 to 13.13â¯ngâ¯g-1, respectively. The profiles of the PhytoPs and PhytoFs identified in the cocoa beans showed significant differences among the clones analysed. The results indicate that dry fermented cocoa beans are rich in PhytoPs and PhytoFs, which may represent an additional benefit of the consumption of foods derived from cocoa.
Assuntos
Cacau/química , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/análise , Furanos/análise , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Cacau/metabolismo , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Estresse OxidativoRESUMO
The agronomic production systems may affect the levels of food metabolites. Metabolomics approaches have been applied as useful tool for the characterization of fruit metabolome. In this study, metabolomics techniques were used to assess the differences in phytochemical composition between goldenberry samples produced by organic and conventional systems. To verify that the organic samples were free of pesticides, individual pesticides were analyzed. Principal component analysis showed a clear separation of goldenberry samples from two different farming systems. Via targeted metabolomics assays, whereby carotenoids and ascorbic acid were analyzed, not statistical differences between both crops were found. Conversely, untargeted metabolomics allowed us to identify two withanolides and one fatty acyl glycoside as tentative metabolites to differentiate goldenberry fruits, recording organic fruits higher amounts of these compounds than conventional samples. Hence, untargeted metabolomics technology could be suitable to research differences on phytochemicals under different agricultural management practices and to authenticate organic products.
Assuntos
Frutas/química , Glicosídeos/análise , Metabolômica/métodos , Agricultura Orgânica , Physalis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Vitanolídeos/análise , Agricultura/métodos , Ácido Ascórbico/análise , Carotenoides/análise , Produtos Agrícolas/química , Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Frutas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Metaboloma , Physalis/química , Compostos Fitoquímicos/análise , Análise de Componente PrincipalRESUMO
The genus Passiflora, comprising about 500 species, is the largest in the Passion flower family. Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis (gulupa) is one of the most important fruits cultivated in Colombia. In recent years and due to its organoleptic and bioactive properties, its exports have significantly increased. In this work, six new bioactive oxylipins -phytoprostanes - were detected in gulupa shell by a UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS method: F1t-phytoprostanes and D1t-phytoprostanes were the predominant and minor classes, respectively. Moreover, the polyphenol profile of the shell was investigated and we were able to detect and quantify phenolic compounds that have not been described previously, like luteolin-8-C-(2-O-rhamnosyl)hexoside and quercetin-3-O-(6â³-acetyl)glucosyl-2â³-sinapic acid. Consequently, this study provides new insights into the importance of gulupa shell as a valuable option in the design of new beverages rich in antioxidant phytochemicals, as part of a well-balanced diet, and in the process and quality control of such products.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Frutas/química , Oxilipinas/química , Passiflora/química , Fenóis/química , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Antioxidantes/análise , Oxilipinas/análise , Fenóis/análiseRESUMO
Objetivo: Indagar sobre la percepción de estudiantes universitarios consumidores de agentes psicotrópicos frente a las políticas universitarias para intervenir este problema de salud pública de origen multicausal. Método: Estudio de casos con participación de 45 estudiantes escogidos a conveniencia. Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada voluntaria y anónima dirigida por una encuesta y aplicación del test de Zung. Resultados: Se indicó una correlación entre el consumo y las variables psicosociales como las razones para consumir y las consecuencias de éste. El test de Zung no evidencia asociación alguna entre el consumo de psicotrópicos y la depresión. Se concluye corresponsabilidad de los estudiantes para responder de forma adecuada a un problema tan antiguo como nuevo dentro del ámbito universitario...