RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the stability of anterior open bite (AOB) treatment with bonded spurs associated with high-pull chincup (BS/HPCC). METHODS: The experimental group consisted of 25 Class I AOB patients (15 female, 10 male) treated with BS/HPCC for 1 year. Cephalograms were analysed at pre-treatment (T1), post-treatment (T2) and at the 3-year post-treatment (T3) stage with the patients mean ages of 8.10, 9.14 and 12.18 years, respectively. The control group consisted of 23 subjects (13 female, 10 male) with normal occlusion, with comparable ages at the 3 stages (8.45, 9.45 and 12.50 years at T1, T2 and T3, respectively). T tests were used for intergroup comparisons at T1 and to compare the changes during the 3-year post-treatment period (T2-T3). Intragroup comparison in the treated group was evaluated with dependent t tests between T1 and T2. Correlations between the overbite changes in the T2-T3 period, the pre-treatment AOB severity and the amount of correction achieved during treatment were evaluated with Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: No statistically significant relapse of the AOB was found at T3. Only 1 patient had a clinically significant AOB relapse. Neither the pre-treatment AOB severity nor the amount of correction was related to overbite changes during the 3-year post-treatment period. CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant relapse of the AOB, and the clinical stability of AOB correction 3-year post-treatment was of 96%.
Assuntos
Aparelhos de Tração Extrabucal , Mordida Aberta/terapia , Aparelhos Ortodônticos , Cefalometria , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mordida Aberta/diagnóstico por imagem , Dimensão VerticalRESUMO
Purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of miniscrew dental root proximity on its late stability degree. 40 miniscrews were inserted between maxillary second premolars and first molars for anterior retraction. Post-surgical radiographs were used to measure the septum width in the insertion site, insertion height, distal and mesial distance from miniscrew to dental root, and the smallest distance between miniscrew and dental root. The miniscrews were divided in two groups according to septum width: ≤3 mm (20 miniscrews) and >3 mm (20 miniscrews). The soft tissue in the insertion site, sensitivity during load, plaque around the miniscrew, and evaluation period were also considered. The results showed no significant difference in miniscrew mobility degree and success rate between groups. Miniscrew dental root proximity did not influence the stability and success rate when the distance between the miniscrew and dental root indicated no periodontal ligament invasion. The overall success rate was 90% and no variable was associated with miniscrew failure. Nevertheless, patient sensitivity was frequently associated with some degree of mini-implant mobility. The septum width did not influence the stability and success rate of this anchorage system, but the extreme root proximity did.
Assuntos
Parafusos Ósseos/efeitos adversos , Maxila/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica/métodos , Técnicas de Movimentação Dentária/métodos , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Análise do Estresse Dentário , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica/instrumentação , Radiografia , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Mini-implant insertion requires accurate surgical technique. This study shows an insertion technique using only tooth crown references; its scientific basis is evaluated radiographically. The sample consisted of 213 inter-radicular septa, evaluated in 53 bitewing radiographs. The proximal contour of adjacent tooth crowns was used to define septum width. The midpoint of the septum width was linked to the interdental contact point to determine septum midline. The distances from septum midline to mesial and distal teeth were measured to evaluate the septum midline centralization degree in two different septum heights. The difference between mesial and distal distances represented the septum midline deviation degree. The mesial and distal distances were compared by t-tests, and the septum midline deviation was correlated with septum height using Pearson's correlation test. The mesial and distal distances were not statistically different in the midpoint of the septum height, but they were different at the apical septum height. There was a moderate correlation (r=0.45) between septum midline deviation and septum height. The tooth crown references evaluated on interproximal radiographs determine a high centralization degree of the septum midline on which the insertion site could be defined. The greater centralization degree was observed at the coronal septum area.
Assuntos
Implantação Dentária Endóssea/métodos , Implantes Dentários , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica/instrumentação , Coroa do Dente/anatomia & histologia , Processo Alveolar/diagnóstico por imagem , Corantes , Feminino , Seguimentos , Gengiva/anatomia & histologia , Humanos , Masculino , Radiografia Interproximal , Ápice Dentário/diagnóstico por imagem , Colo do Dente/anatomia & histologia , Colo do Dente/diagnóstico por imagem , Coroa do Dente/diagnóstico por imagem , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The present study aimed to evaluate the cephalometric changes in Class II patients treated exclusively with cervical headgear (CHG) in the maxillary arch and fixed appliances in the mandibular arch as compared with a control group. The sample comprised 82 lateral cephalograms obtained pre- (T1) and post- (T2) treatment/observation of 41 subjects, divided into two groups: group 1-25 Class II division 1 patients (20 females and five males), with a mean pre-treatment age of 10.4 years, treated for a mean period of 2.5 years and group 2-16 Class II untreated subjects (12 females and four males), with a mean initial age of 9.9 years, followed for a mean period of 2.2 years. Treatment changes between the groups were compared by means of t-tests. The results showed restriction of maxillary forward displacement and also a restriction in maxillary length growth, improvement in the maxillomandibular relationship, restriction of mandibular incisor vertical development, reduction in overjet and overbite, and improvement in molar relationship. It was concluded that this treatment protocol corrected the Class II malocclusion characteristics primarily through maxillary forward growth restriction.
Assuntos
Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/terapia , Aparelhos Ortodônticos , Ortodontia Corretiva/instrumentação , Cefalometria , Criança , Aparelhos de Tração Extrabucal , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Maxila/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The objective of this study was to determine if any significant differences existed with regard to dental and skeletal asymmetries between subjects with Angle Class II subdivision malocclusions and subjects with normal occlusions. The sample consisted of 30 subjects in each of the 2 groups. Each possessed a full complement of permanent teeth, including first molars. The average age of subjects was 15.76 years in the Class II subdivision group and 22.42 years in the normal occlusion group. Measurements were obtained with the use of submentovertex, posteroanterior, and corrected oblique cephalometric radiographs. In the submentovertex radiographs, symmetry was assessed by measuring the relative differences in the spatial positions of dental and skeletal landmarks between the right and the left sides in both anteroposterior and transverse dimensions. Coordinate systems were used to represent the mandible, cranial floor, and the maxilla. In the posteroanterior radiographs, symmetry was assessed similarly by measuring the relative differences in the spatial positions of dental and skeletal landmarks between the right and the left sides. In the corrected oblique radiographs, symmetry was assessed by measuring the differences in size of dental and skeletal structures between the right and the left sides. Variables were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results demonstrated that the primary contributor to the differences between the 2 groups was the distal positioning of the mandibular first molars on the Class II side in patients whose mandibles showed no unusual skeletal or positional asymmetries. A secondary contributor was the mesial positioning of the maxillary first molars on the Class II side. Furthermore, the posteroanterior radiographic analysis showed that the more frequent distal positioning of the mandibular molars on the Class II side, compared with the mesial positioning of the maxillary molars on that side resulted in mandibular dental midline deviation to the Class II side more frequently than the maxillary dental midline to the opposite side.
Assuntos
Cefalometria/métodos , Assimetria Facial/patologia , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/patologia , Dente/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Queixo/patologia , Arco Dental/patologia , Oclusão Dentária , Ossos Faciais/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Mandíbula/patologia , Côndilo Mandibular/patologia , Maxila/patologia , Dente Molar/patologia , Análise Multivariada , Base do Crânio/patologia , Zigoma/patologiaRESUMO
Apical root resorption is an undesirable, but frequent side effect of orthodontic treatment, and therefore improvements in orthodontic techniques and materials are in constant development to decrease it. One of the most recently developed orthodontic techniques is the Bioefficient Therapy that uses contemporary orthodontic materials. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to compare the amount of root resorption after orthodontic treatment between the simplified standard edgewise technique (group 1), the edgewise straight wire system (group 2), and the Bioefficient Therapy (group 3). It was also the purpose of this investigation to evaluate the amount of root resorption in the whole sample studied and the prevalence of root resorption in the upper and lower incisors. Thus, periapical radiographs were obtained with the long cone paralleling technique for the upper and lower incisors from 30 patients for each group. Root resorption was ranked by scores by 2 examiners who had an excellent intra and interexaminer calibration by Kendall concordance coefficient. Results of the Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated that group 3 (Bioefficient Therapy) presented less root resorption than the others. It was speculated that the factors responsible for the lesser resorption in this technique were the use of heat-activated and superelastic wires with the bracket design in this technique as well as the use of a smaller rectangular stainless steel wire (0.018 x 0.025 inch) in a 0.022 x 0.028 inch slot during incisor retraction and the finishing stages, as compared to the other techniques. Considering the whole sample, there was no root resorption in 2.25% of the analyzed teeth. There was only a slight resorption in 42.56%, a moderate resorption in 53.37%, an accentuated resorption in 1.40% and an extreme root resorption in only 0.42% of the teeth. The prevalence of resorption for each incisor indicated, in decreasing order, a greater resorption for the upper centrals, followed by the upper laterals, lower centrals, and lastly the lower lateral incisors.
Assuntos
Desenho de Aparelho Ortodôntico , Aparelhos Ortodônticos/efeitos adversos , Ortodontia Corretiva/efeitos adversos , Reabsorção da Raiz/diagnóstico por imagem , Reabsorção da Raiz/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Criança , Humanos , Incisivo/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Mandíbula , Maxila , Radiografia , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Extração DentáriaRESUMO
The objective of this research was to cephalometrically evaluate the possible effects of the Eruption Guidance Appliance on the craniofacial complex in a sample of 30 patients, over a treatment period of 26 months. The experimental sample consisted of 30 patients (13 females and 17 males), 27 of which presented with a Class II, Division 1 malocclusion and 3 with a Class I malocclusion. The mean initial chronologic age was 9 years; the treatment period lasted 26 months. A control group was used for comparison and consisted of 30 subjects (13 females and 17 males) of similar ages and spanned a similar observation period. Twenty-six subjects of this control group had Class II, Division 1 malocclusions, and 4 had Class I malocclusions. Lateral cephalometric headplates were obtained for the experimental group initially and after 26 months of treatment. The subjects in the control group were randomly selected from a serial growth study sample from the Orthodontic Department at Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, for whom cephalometric headplates were obtained annually from 4 to 18 years of age. Comparative statistics were used to assess possible differences between the experimental and control groups during the 26-month period of observation. Results demonstrated statistically significant increases in mandibular growth, degree of mandibular protrusion, lower anterior and total anterior face height, mesial migration of the lower molars, and mandibular posterior dentoalveolar height. There was also lingual tipping and retrusion of the upper incisors, linear protrusion of the lower incisors, improvement in the maxillomandibular relationship and in molar relationship, as well as a significant decrease in the overjet and overbite and an inhibition of the vertical development of the upper incisors. The study demonstrated no significant changes in maxillary growth during the evaluation period. It was concluded from these results that the effects of the Eruption Guidance Appliance during this time period were mostly dentoalveolar, with a smaller, but significant, skeletal effect.
Assuntos
Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/terapia , Aparelhos Ortodônticos Funcionais , Erupção Dentária/fisiologia , Cefalometria/métodos , Cefalometria/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/diagnóstico por imagem , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/fisiopatologia , Desenvolvimento Maxilofacial , Radiografia , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de Tempo , Dimensão VerticalRESUMO
Nickel is a strong biological sensitizer and consequently may induce a delayed hypersensitivity reaction (type IV immune response). Because nickel is a component of the majority of the orthodontic alloys, the objectives of this cross-sectional study were to determine the prevalence of nickel hypersensitivity reaction before, during, and after orthodontic therapy with conventional stainless steel brackets and wires; to evidence the induction of this reaction by the orthodontic appliances; and to characterize the nickel hypersensitive persons. Nickel patch tests and a questionnaire were used to evaluate the hypersensitivity to this metal. The total sample consisted of 170 patients, 105 females and 65 males, from the orthodontic department at Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo. They were divided into three groups as follows: A (n = 60), patients before the beginning of orthodontic therapy; B (n = 66), patients currently undergoing orthodontic treatment, and C (n = 44), patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment previously. The chi-square test (chi2) showed an allergic reaction in 28.3% of the total sample with 23% female and 5.3% male. This indicated a gender difference (chi2 = 10.75, p < 0.001). There was a positive association between nickel hypersensitivity and previous personal allergic history to metals (chi2 = 34.88, p < 0.0001) as well as with the daily use of metal objects (chi2 = 11.95, p < 0.0005). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of contact dermatitis among the three groups (chi2 = 0.39, p = 0.848). This suggests that orthodontic therapy with conventional stainless steel appliances does not initiate or aggravate a nickel hypersensitivity reaction.
Assuntos
Alérgenos/efeitos adversos , Ligas Dentárias/efeitos adversos , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/etiologia , Níquel/efeitos adversos , Aparelhos Ortodônticos/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Dermatite de Contato/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Metais/efeitos adversos , Braquetes Ortodônticos/efeitos adversos , Fios Ortodônticos/efeitos adversos , Testes do Emplastro , Prevalência , Fatores Sexuais , Aço Inoxidável/efeitos adversos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The purpose of this research was to investigate whether there is a difference in dental maturation between skeletal open bite and skeletal deep bite subjects of the same chronological age. The material consisted of 40 lateral headfilms and 40 panoramic radiographs of 20 male and 20 female white subjects, with a mean chronological age of 9 years and 2 months (range: 7 years 6 months to 10 years 11 months). These subjects were selected on the basis of lower anterior face height as a percentage of total face height and on the amount of open or deep-bite from a total sample of 400 subjects. The persons exhibiting the most extreme values at both ends of the distribution were selected to create two groups with 20 subjects in each (10 males and 10 females). Thus, the groups represented subjects with either a large lower anterior face height associated with an open bite or a small lower anterior face height associated with a deep bite. A double blind determination of dental maturation, expressed by dental age, for each subject was performed on the panoramic radiographs using the system of Demirjian et al. (1973). A covariance analysis was used to eliminate variability introduced by the large age range of the sample. The skeletal open bite and deep bite groups presented mean dental ages of 120.48 and 114.00 months, respectively. Statistical analysis demonstrated that this difference was statistically significant at P < 0.05. Therefore, it seems that skeletal open bite subjects presented a slight tendency to have an advanced dental maturation, expressed by dental age, as compared with skeletal deep bite subjects.
Assuntos
Face/anatomia & histologia , Má Oclusão/fisiopatologia , Erupção Dentária , Dente/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Dimensão Vertical , Análise de Variância , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Calcificação de DenteAssuntos
Cefalometria , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/diagnóstico , Aparelhos Ortodônticos , Erupção Dentária , Cefalometria/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/terapia , Desenvolvimento Maxilofacial , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de Tempo , Erupção Dentária/fisiologiaRESUMO
The treatment of a patient with bilateral posterior open bite due to primary failure of eruption is presented. The characteristics, differential diagnosis with posterior open bite due to other etiologies and the treatment of these problems are presented and discussed.
Assuntos
Anodontia/complicações , Dente Pré-Molar/anormalidades , Má Oclusão/etiologia , Ortodontia Corretiva , Dente Impactado/complicações , Adulto , Anquilose , Transplante Ósseo , Prótese Parcial , Feminino , Humanos , Erupção DentáriaRESUMO
The ability to adhere to normal human uroepithelial cells was compared for Escherichia coli strains isolated from the urine of girls with acute pyelonephritis, acute cystitis, or asymptomatic bacteriuria, and from the stools of school children without bacteriuria. Strains from those with acute pyelonephritis had high adhesive ability, whereas strains from those with acute cystitis had intermediate and strains from girls with asymptomatic bacteriuria or from normal feces had low adhesive ability. Strains of serogroup O4K12 had good adherence regardless of origin. E. coli of the eight O groups commonly found in patients with acute pyelonephritis adhered more than did strains of other O groups. Spontaneously agglutinating strains had less adhesive ability than did the O-typable ones.