RESUMO

The present study provides information about the diet of sympatric populations of small cetaceans in the Babitonga Bay estuary. This is the first study on the diet of these species in direct sympatry. The stomach contents of seven Guiana dolphins Sotalia guianensis and eight franciscanas Pontoporia blainvillei were analyzed. The prey of both cetaceans was mostly teleost fishes, followed by cephalopods. We identified 13 teleost fishes as part of the diet of the franciscanas, and 20 as part of the diet of Guiana dolphins. Lolliguncula brevis was the only cephalopod recorded, and was the most important prey for both cetaceans. Stellifer rastrifer and Gobionellus oceanicus were also important for franciscana, so as Mugil curema and Micropogonias furnieri were important for Guiana dolphins. Stellifer rastrifer and Cetengraulis edentulus were the fishes with the highest frequency of occurrence for franciscana (50%), while Achirus lineatus, C. edentulus, S. brasiliensis, Cynoscion leiarchus, M. furnieri, M. curema, Diapterus rhombeus, Eugerres brasilianus and G. oceanicus showed 28.6% of frequency of occurrence for Guiana dolphins. Franciscanas captured greater cephalopods than the Guiana dolphins in both total length (z= -3.38; n= 40; p 0.05) and biomass (z = -2.46; n = 40; p 0.05). All of the prey species identified occur inside the estuary, which represents a safe habitat against predators and food availability, reinforcing the importance of the Babitonga Bay for these cetacean populations.

O presente estudo fornece informações sobre a dieta de populações simpátricas de pequenos cetáceos no estuário da Baía da Babitonga. Este é o primeiro estudo sobre a dieta destas espécies em simpatria direta. Foi analisado o conteúdo estomacal de sete botos-cinza Sotalia guianensis e oito toninhas Pontoporia blainvillei. As presas de ambos cetáceos foram principalmente peixes teleósteos, seguida de cefalópodes. Foram identificadas 13 espécies de peixes teleósteos como parte da dieta de toninhas e 20 como parte da dieta de botos-cinza. Lolliguncula brevis foi o único cefalópode registrado e foi a presa mais importante para ambos cetáceos. Stellifer rastrifer e Gobionellus oceanicus foram também importantes para a toninha, assim como Mugil curema e Micropogonias furnieri foram importantes para os botos-cinza. Stellifer rastrifer e Cetengraulis edentulus foram as espécies de peixes com maior frequencia de ocorrência para a toninha (50%), enquanto Achirus lineatus, C. edentulus, S. brasiliensis, Cynoscion leiarchus, M. furnieri, M. curema, Diapterus rhombeus, Eugerres brasilianus e G. oceanicus apresentaram 28,6 % de frequência de ocorrência para os botos-cinza. As toninhas capturaram cefalópodes maiores do que os botos-cinza, tanto em comprimento total (z= -3,38; n= 40; p 0,05) como em biomassa (z = -2,46; n = 40; p 0,05). Todas as espécies de presas identificadas ocorrem no interior do estuário, que representa um habitat seguro contra a ação de predadores com disponibilidade de presas, reforçando a importância da Baía da Babitonga para estas populações de cetáceos.

RESUMO

The present study provides information about the diet of sympatric populations of small cetaceans in the Babitonga Bay estuary. This is the first study on the diet of these species in direct sympatry. The stomach contents of seven Guiana dolphins Sotalia guianensis and eight franciscanas Pontoporia blainvillei were analyzed. The prey of both cetaceans was mostly teleost fishes, followed by cephalopods. We identified 13 teleost fishes as part of the diet of the franciscanas, and 20 as part of the diet of Guiana dolphins. Lolliguncula brevis was the only cephalopod recorded, and was the most important prey for both cetaceans. Stellifer rastrifer and Gobionellus oceanicus were also important for franciscana, so as Mugil curema and Micropogonias furnieri were important for Guiana dolphins. Stellifer rastrifer and Cetengraulis edentulus were the fishes with the highest frequency of occurrence for franciscana (50%), while Achirus lineatus, C. edentulus, S. brasiliensis, Cynoscion leiarchus, M. furnieri, M. curema, Diapterus rhombeus, Eugerres brasilianus and G. oceanicus showed 28.6% of frequency of occurrence for Guiana dolphins. Franciscanas captured greater cephalopods than the Guiana dolphins in both total length (z= -3.38; n= 40; p 0.05) and biomass (z = -2.46; n = 40; p 0.05). All of the prey species identified occur inside the estuary, which represents a safe habitat against predators and food availability, reinforcing the importance of the Babitonga Bay for these cetacean populations.

O presente estudo fornece informações sobre a dieta de populações simpátricas de pequenos cetáceos no estuário da Baía da Babitonga. Este é o primeiro estudo sobre a dieta destas espécies em simpatria direta. Foi analisado o conteúdo estomacal de sete botos-cinza Sotalia guianensis e oito toninhas Pontoporia blainvillei. As presas de ambos cetáceos foram principalmente peixes teleósteos, seguida de cefalópodes. Foram identificadas 13 espécies de peixes teleósteos como parte da dieta de toninhas e 20 como parte da dieta de botos-cinza. Lolliguncula brevis foi o único cefalópode registrado e foi a presa mais importante para ambos cetáceos. Stellifer rastrifer e Gobionellus oceanicus foram também importantes para a toninha, assim como Mugil curema e Micropogonias furnieri foram importantes para os botos-cinza. Stellifer rastrifer e Cetengraulis edentulus foram as espécies de peixes com maior frequencia de ocorrência para a toninha (50%), enquanto Achirus lineatus, C. edentulus, S. brasiliensis, Cynoscion leiarchus, M. furnieri, M. curema, Diapterus rhombeus, Eugerres brasilianus e G. oceanicus apresentaram 28,6 % de frequência de ocorrência para os botos-cinza. As toninhas capturaram cefalópodes maiores do que os botos-cinza, tanto em comprimento total (z= -3,38; n= 40; p 0,05) como em biomassa (z = -2,46; n = 40; p 0,05). Todas as espécies de presas identificadas ocorrem no interior do estuário, que representa um habitat seguro contra a ação de predadores com disponibilidade de presas, reforçando a importância da Baía da Babitonga para estas populações de cetáceos.

RESUMO

In the period comprised between August/1996 and November/1998 studies on ecology and behaviour of Sotalia guianensis were carried out in the Babitonga Bay estuary, in the South region of Brazil. Groups of dolphins were followed by boat in the Babitonga Bay and observed from a still point in the harbour inlet in order to get behaviour sampling. There were 501 events of interaction between S. guianensis and sea birds, being 309 of them in the harbour inlet. The species of sea birds in association with dolphins were: Fregata magnifiscens, Larus dominicanus, Phalacrocorax brasilianus, Sterna sp. and Sula leucogaster. The trinta-réis (Sterna sp.) occurred in 50,85 % of the interaction in the Babitonga Bay, while the biguá (P. brasilianus) occurred in 93 % of the interactions in the harbour inlet. These interactions were always initiated by the birds, suggesting a commensalism interaction where only the birds have benefits. An exception was P. brasilianus, which was able to capture the fish from the dolphins mounths, which means akleptoparasitic association.

RESUMO

In the period comprised between August/1996 and November/1998 studies on ecology and behaviour of Sotalia guianensis were carried out in the Babitonga Bay estuary, in the South region of Brazil. Groups of dolphins were followed by boat in the Babitonga Bay and observed from a still point in the harbour inlet in order to get behaviour sampling. There were 501 events of interaction between S. guianensis and sea birds, being 309 of them in the harbour inlet. The species of sea birds in association with dolphins were: Fregata magnifiscens, Larus dominicanus, Phalacrocorax brasilianus, Sterna sp. and Sula leucogaster. The trinta-réis (Sterna sp.) occurred in 50,85 % of the interaction in the Babitonga Bay, while the biguá (P. brasilianus) occurred in 93 % of the interactions in the harbour inlet. These interactions were always initiated by the birds, suggesting a commensalism interaction where only the birds have benefits. An exception was P. brasilianus, which was able to capture the fish from the dolphins mounths, which means akleptoparasitic association.