RESUMO
The production of a highly concentrated probiotic preparation of Lactococcus lactis CECT 539 was studied in both batch and realkalized fed-batch fermentations in diluted whey (DW) media (DW25, DW50, DW75, DW100, and DW125) supplemented with MRS broth nutrients (except glucose and Tween 80) at 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125% of their standard concentrations in the complex medium. The fed-batch culture using DW100 medium provided the highest concentrations of probiotic biomass (5.98 g/L) and nisin (258.47 BU/mL), which were obtained at lower production costs than those estimated for the fed-batch culture in DW medium. The batch and fed-batch cultures reduced the initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the media by 29.1-41.7% and 31.2-54.2%, respectively. Graphical abstract.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Cultura Celular por Lotes/métodos , Lactococcus lactis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Lactococcus lactis/metabolismo , Nisina/biossíntese , Probióticos/química , Proteínas do Soro do Leite/metabolismo , Biomassa , Meios de Cultura/metabolismo , Fermentação , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Probióticos/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the application of PET in monitoring patients with Takayasu's arteritis (TA) with Inflammatory activiti (IA) and this correlation with established clnical criteria. METHODS: 35 patients diagnosed with TA were enrolled. Determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C -reactive protein, fibrinogen and a complete blood count was performed and clinical criteria of activity were applied. A baseline PET was performed in all patients. Those who were positive for IA received drug treatment. Among the group of active patients, ten were randomized to undergo another PET scan and clinical criteria determination to evaluate inflammatory activity after 6 months of treatment. We compared clinical criteria with PET capacity to determine IA. The results between the initial and final PET were finally compared. RESULTS: Clinical criteria had a sensitvity of 63% and a specificity of 90% to show IA. Sensivity decreased after 6 months of treatment to 27%. DISCUSSION: This is the first prospective study that compares the findings of PET before and after treatment for IA in patients with TA. Clinical criteria lack sensitivity for the detection of IA in the follow-up after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: PET is a diagnostic technique with high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with TA and inflammatory activity.
Assuntos
Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Arterite de Takayasu/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Algoritmos , Feminino , Humanos , Inflamação/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
El consumo de plantas medicinales tradicionales o de los llamados suplementos nutricionales o natriucéuticos que tienen en su composición partes de especies de plantas con fines analgésicos, antiinflamatorios o antipiréticos, debe ser realizado sobre bases científicas de seguridad y efecto; además debe considerarse el riesgo de producir sangramientos en caso de una enfermedad que como el dengue puede tener una forma clínica hemorrágica, así como en otras situaciones clínicas como intervenciones quirúrgicas o consumo de fármacos antiagregantes plaquetarios o anticoagulantes. Nuestro objetivo fue identificar plantas que son empleadas en los países caribeños y que pudieran potencialmente afectar la coagulación en las personas que las consumen. Se identificaron 22 especies que fueron analizadas a partir de la información científica publicada y que tienen riesgo para ser administradas a pacientes con alteraciones de la coagulación. Se concluye que las plantas estudiadas no deben ser empleadas o hacerlo con precaución en pacientes con riesgo hemorrágico.
Consumption of folk medicinal plants or the so called nutritional supplements or natriuceutic, which in its composition include portions of plants used with analgesic, anti-inflammatories or antipyretic aims, must to be on scientific bases of safety and effect; also, we must to consider risk of bleeding in case of a desease as dengue, may to present an hemorhagic way; as well as, in other clinical situations, like surgical interventions or platelet antiaggregant drugs or anticoagulants agents. Our aim was to identify the plants used in Caribblean countries and that could potentially to affect coagulation in consumers of these agents. We identify 22 species analyzed from scientific information published, and are a risk for patients presenting coagulation disorders. We conclude that in patients with hemorrhagic risk, study plants must not to be used or if need be, we must to take precautions.