RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as complicações do tratamento cirúrgico dos pacientes com fratura da extremidade proximal do úmero com "placa bloqueada". MÉTODOS: Entre julho de 2004 e dezembro de 2009, foram tratados 56 pacientes com fratura da extremidade proximal do úmero com a placa Philos®. Dezenove pacientes eram do sexo masculino e 37 do feminino, com média de idade de 62 anos, variando de 30 a 92 anos. Todos os casos tinham tempo de seguimento mínimo, no período pós-operatório, de 12 meses. Treze fraturas foram classificadas como em duas partes, 28 em três, oito em quatro e sete como fraturas epifisárias. RESULTADOS: Dos pacientes operados, 26 foram considerados como tendo obtido resultado excelente, 12 como bom, 10 como regular e oito como ruim, conforme o escore de UCLA. Trinta complicações ocorreram em 20 pacientes (35,7%), sendo a mais frequente a redução inadequada da fratura que ocorreu em oito casos. O impacto subacromial causado pela placa ocorreu em sete casos, enquanto a fixação inadequada da fratura em seis. Outras complicações como pseudoartrose, capsulite adesiva, necrose avascular, perda da redução em varo e infecção também foram verificadas. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados funcionais do tratamento das fraturas da extremidade proximal do úmero com a "placa bloqueada" dependem da correta redução anatômica da fratura e fixação estável do implante. Complicações ainda são frequentes, principalmente devido à dificuldade técnica intraoperatória, à gravidade da fratura e à eventual inexperiência do cirurgião.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the complications from surgical treatment using a locking plate among patients with fractures of the proximal extremity of the humerus. METHODS: Between July 2004 and December 2009, 56 patients with fractures of the proximal extremity of the humerus were treated using the PHILOS® plate. There were 19 male patients and 37 female patients, with a mean age of 62 years (range: 30 to 92 years). All the cases had a mean postoperative follow-up period of 12 months. Thirteen fractures were classified as presenting in two parts, 28 as three, eight as four and seven as epiphyseal fractures. RESULTS: Among the patients operated, 26 were considered to have achieved excellent results, twelve good, ten fair and eight poor, according to the UCLA score. Thirty complications occurred in 20 patients (35.7%), among which the most frequent complication was inadequate reduction of the fracture, which occurred in eight cases. Subacromial impact, caused by the plate, occurred in seven cases, while inadequate fixation occurred in six cases. Other complications such as pseudarthrosis, adhesive capsulitis, avascular necrosis, loss of varus reduction and infection were also seen. CONCLUSION: The functional results from treating fractures of the proximal extremity of the humerus using a locking plate depended on correct anatomical reduction of the fracture and stable fixation of the implant. Complications still occur frequently, particularly because of intraoperative technical difficulty, fracture severity and possible inexperience of the surgeon.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os resultados da reabilitação nos jogadores de beisebol que possuíam dor e déficit de rotação medial no ombro. MÉTODOS: Dos 55 atletas avaliados no período de abril a junho de 2009, observou-se que 20 atletas tinham dor em algum momento do arremesso. Eles foram orientados a realizar um programa de reabilitação com exercícios para alongamento da cápsula posterior e reforço dos músculos da cintura escapular, especialmente os rotadores laterais. Dezoito pacientes seguiram as orientações, dois perderam o seguimento. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: dor, amplitude de movimento e força pré e pós o término do programa. RESULTADOS: Na avaliação final, em comparação com a inicial, observamos: aumento em média da elevação de 10º (p = 0,001), de três níveis vertebrais da rotação medial (p < 0,001), aumento de 20º da rotação medial a 90º de abdução (p < 0,001) e um aumento de 26º do arco de rotação (p < 0,001). Com relação à força, foi evidente a melhora da força de elevação com aumento de 3kgf (p = 0,002) e da força de rotação lateral com aumento de 1kgf (p = 0,020). Dos 18 atletas estudados, a dor melhorou em 16, dois atletas permaneceram com dor e foram submetidos à ressonância magnética, na qual foram evidenciadas lesões de tratamento cirúrgico. CONCLUSÃO: O programa de reabilitação realizado com os jogadores de beisebol foi efetivo, possibilitando aumento da rotação medial, da elevação, do arco de rotação e das forças de elevação e rotação lateral, consequentemente havendo melhora da dor na maioria dos atletas.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the rehabilitation results among baseball players who presented pain and medial rotation deficit in their shoulders. METHODS: Out of 55 baseball players assessed between April and June 2009, it was observed that 20 presented pain at some instant during throwing movements. They were advised to undergo a rehabilitation program with exercises to stretch the posterior capsule and reinforce the muscles of the scapular belt, especially the lateral rotators. Eighteen patients followed the advice, while two were lost from the follow-up. The parameters evaluated were: pain, range of motion, strength before the program and strength after the end of the program. RESULTS: Comparing the initial and final assessments, we observed mean increases as follows: 10º of elevation (p = 0.001); three vertebral levels of medial rotation (p < 0.001); 20º of medial rotation at 90º abduction (p < 0.001); and 26º of range of motion (p < 0.001). Regarding strength, elevation force increased by 3 kgf (p = 0.002) and lateral rotation force increased by 1 kgf (p = 0.020). Out of the 18 baseball players studied, the pain level improved in 16, while two continued to present pain and underwent magnetic resonance imaging, which showed lesions for surgical treatment. CONCLUSION: The rehabilitation program conducted among the baseball players was effective and enabled increases in medial rotation, elevation, range of motion and strength of elevation and lateral rotation, consequently producing pain improvements in most of the players.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the rehabilitation results among baseball players who presented pain and medial rotation deficit in their shoulders. METHODS: Out of 55 baseball players assessed between April and June 2009, it was observed that 20 presented pain at some instant during throwing movements. They were advised to undergo a rehabilitation program with exercises to stretch the posterior capsule and reinforce the muscles of the scapular belt, especially the lateral rotators. Eighteen patients followed the advice, while two were lost from the follow-up. The parameters evaluated were: pain, range of motion, strength before the program and strength after the end of the program. RESULTS: Comparing the initial and final assessments, we observed mean increases as follows: 10° of elevation (p = 0.001); three vertebral levels of medial rotation (p < 0.001); 20° of medial rotation at 90° abduction (p < 0.001); and 26° of range of motion (p < 0.001). Regarding strength, elevation force increased by 3 kgf (p = 0.002) and lateral rotation force increased by 1 kgf (p = 0.020). Out of the 18 baseball players studied, the pain level improved in 16, while two continued to present pain and underwent magnetic resonance imaging, which showed lesions for surgical treatment. CONCLUSION: The rehabilitation program conducted among the baseball players was effective and enabled increases in medial rotation, elevation, range of motion and strength of elevation and lateral rotation, consequently producing pain improvements in most of the players.

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the complications from surgical treatment using a locking plate among patients with fractures of the proximal extremity of the humerus. METHODS: Between July 2004 and December 2009, 56 patients with fractures of the proximal extremity of the humerus were treated using the PHILOS(®) plate. There were 19 male patients and 37 female patients, with a mean age of 62 years (range: 30 to 92 years). All the cases had a mean postoperative followup period of 12 months. Thirteen fractures were classified as presenting in two parts, 28 as three, eight as four and seven as epiphyseal fractures. RESULTS: Among the patients operated, 26 were considered to have achieved excellent results, twelve good, ten fair and eight poor, according to the UCLA score. Thirty complications occurred in 20 patients (35.7%), among which the most frequent complication was inadequate reduction of the fracture, which occurred in eight cases. Subacromial impact, caused by the plate, occurred in seven cases, while inadequate fixation occurred in six cases. Other complications such as pseudarthrosis, adhesive capsulitis, avascular necrosis, loss of varus reduction and infection were also seen. CONCLUSION: The functional results from treating fractures of the proximal extremity of the humerus using a locking plate depended on correct anatomical reduction of the fracture and stable fixation of the implant. Complications still occur frequently, particularly because of intraoperative technical difficulty, fracture severity and possible inexperience of the surgeon.