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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23365610

RESUMO

The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the acetonic and methanolic extracts of H. inuloides prevent carbon tetrachloride-(CCl(4)) induced oxidative stress in vital tissues. Pretreatment with both H. inuloides extracts or quercetin attenuated the increase in serum activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (BB), creatinine (CRE), and creatine kinase (CK), and impeded the decrease of γ-globulin (γ-GLOB) and albumin (ALB) observed in CCl(4)-induced tissue injury. The protective effect was confirmed by histological analysis with hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid/Schiff's reagent. Level of lipid peroxidation was higher in the organs of rats exposed to CCl(4) than in those of the animals treated with Heterohteca extracts or quercetin, and these showed levels similar to the untreated group. Pretreatment of animals with either of the extracts or quercetin also prevented the increase of 4-hydroxynonenal and 3-nitrotyrosine. Pretreatment with the plant extracts or quercetin attenuated CCl(4) toxic effects on the activity of several antioxidant enzymes. The present results strongly suggest that the chemopreventive effect of the extracts used and quercetin, against CCl(4) toxicity, is associated with their antioxidant properties and corroborated previous results obtained in liver tissue.

2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 14(1): 1455-76, 2013 Jan 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23344052

RESUMO

Oxidative stress, a state of imbalance in the production of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen, is induced by a wide variety of factors. This biochemical state is associated with systemic diseases, and diseases affecting the central nervous system. Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder with refractoriness to drug therapy at about 30%. Currently, experimental evidence supports the involvement of oxidative stress in seizures, in the process of their generation, and in the mechanisms associated with refractoriness to drug therapy. Hence, the aim of this review is to present information in order to facilitate the handling of this evidence and determine the therapeutic impact of the biochemical status for this pathology.


Assuntos
Resistência a Medicamentos , Epilepsia/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Animais , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Epilepsia/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos
3.
Toxicology ; 276(1): 41-8, 2010 Sep 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20620188

RESUMO

Arnica (Heterotheca inuloides) is a widely used medicinal plant in México; it has been recognized as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, cytotoxic, scavenger of superoxide anion and also as a preventive of lipid peroxidation. In vivo studies have demonstrated a hepatoprotective action of the methanolic extract of this plant as well as of quercetin, one of its main components, and the evidence obtained pointed out to an antioxidant mechanism. In this work, we focused on the free radical scavenging capacity of acetonic and methanolic extracts of H. inuloides in comparison with reference compounds. The two extracts were 2-12 times more effective (IC50, microg/mL) than the reference compounds to cope with the following radicals or molecules tested: 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS(+)), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), superoxide (O2(-)), singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl (OH). Additionally, five secondary metabolites isolated from the methanolic extract displayed potent concentration-dependent antioxidant effects against reactive oxygen species produced in vitro (IC50 values in the range of 0.018-4.31mg/mL). d-Chiro-inositol showed the higher antioxidant effect against O2(-), H2O2 and OH while spinasterol and quercetin were the most active against (1)O(2) and ONOO(-), respectively. The antioxidant properties of the extracts and metabolites tested partially support the wide use of this plant in traditional medicine.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Asteraceae/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Medicina Tradicional , México , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Quercetina/administração & dosagem , Quercetina/isolamento & purificação , Quercetina/farmacologia , Estigmasterol/administração & dosagem , Estigmasterol/análogos & derivados , Estigmasterol/isolamento & purificação , Estigmasterol/farmacologia
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