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Resumen Introducción. El manejo adecuado de la tuberculosis multirresistente es una estrategia priorizada para el control de la tuberculosis en el mundo. Objetivo. Evaluar las diferencias entre las características demográficas y clínicas, y los indicadores programáticos de los pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de tuberculosis pulmonar resistente a rifampicina o multirresistente en Buenaventura, frente a la cohorte de los demás municipios del Valle del Cauca entre 2013 y 2016. Materiales y métodos. Se desarrolló un estudio analítico de cohortes para comparar los registros de pacientes mayores de 15 años con tuberculosis multirresistente, del Programa de Tuberculosis de Buenaventura (con ácido paraaminosalicílico), frente a los demás municipios del Valle del Cauca (sin ácido paraaminosalicílico). Resultados. Se registraron 99 casos con una mediana de edad de 40 años (RIC = 26 - 53); en Buenaventura, el 56 % eran mujeres; en los demás municipios, predominaron los hombres (67 %); el 95 % de los evaluados tenía aseguramiento en salud. La comorbilidad más frecuente fue diabetes (14 %). Las reacciones adversas a medicamentos antituberculosos en Buenaventura fueron 1,3 veces más frecuentes que en los demás municipios (OR = 2,3; IC95 %: 0,993 - 5,568; p = 0,04). En Buenaventura falleció el 5 % de los casos frente al 15 % reportado en los demás municipios. No hubo fracasos con el tratamiento en Buenaventura, pero se reportó un 35 % de pérdida del seguimiento. El éxito del tratamiento fue mayor en Buenaventura en el 56 %. Conclusión. El programa fortalecido de Buenaventura presentó mejores resultados programáticos que los demás municipios del Valle del Cauca. El acceso a pruebas moleculares, la disponibilidad de tratamientos acortados y el seguimiento continuo para identificar reacciones adversas a medicamentos antituberculosos son un derrotero para todos los programas de control.

Abstract Introduction. Proper management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a prioritized strategy for tuberculosis control worldwide. Objective. To evaluate differences concerning demographic and clinical characteristics and programmatic indicators of Buenaventura patient cohort with confirmed diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, compared to those of the other municipalities from Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 2013-2016. Materials and methods. We conducted an analytical cohort study to compare records of patients older than 15 years with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis included in the Programa de Tuberculosis de Buenaventura (with para-aminosalicylic acid) versus the other municipalities of Valle del Cauca (without para-aminosalicylic). Results. Ninety-nine cases were recorded with a median age of 40 years (IQR = 26 - 53); in Buenaventura, 56% of the patients were women, while in the other municipalities, men predominated with 67%; 95% had health insurance. The most common comorbidity was diabetes (14%). Adverse reactions to antituberculosis medications in Buenaventura were 1.3 times more frequent than in the other municipalities (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 0.993 - 5.568; p = 0.04). In Buenaventura, the mortality rate was 5% compared to the 15% reported in the other municipalities. Treatment failures were not reported in Buenaventura, but 35% did not continue with the follow-up. Treatment success was higher in Buenaventura (56 %). Conclusion. A strengthened program in Buenaventura presented better programmatic results than those from the other municipalities of Valle del Cauca. Access to molecular tests, availability of shortened treatments, and continuous monitoring to identify adverse reactions to antituberculosis medications are routes for all other control programs.

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OBJECTIVES: To identify factors associated with poor prognoses in newborns with a prenatal diagnosis of gastroschisis in eight hospitals in Bogota, Colombia, from 2011 to 2022. METHODS: A multi-center retrospective case-control study was conducted on newborns with gastroschisis in eight hospitals in Bogota, Colombia. Poor prognosis was defined as the presence of sepsis, intestinal complications, or death. RESULTS: The study included 101 patients. Preterm newborns under 32 weeks had a poor neonatal prognosis (OR 6.78 95 % CI 0.75-319). Oligohydramnios (OR 4.95 95 % CI 1.15-21.32) and staged closure with silo (OR 3.48; 95 % CI 1.10-10.96) were risk factors for neonatal death, and intra-abdominal bowel dilation of 20-25 mm was a factor for the development of intestinal complications (OR 3.22 95 % CI 1.26-8.23). CONCLUSIONS: Intra-abdominal bowel dilation between 20 and 25 mm was associated with intestinal complications, while oligohydramnios was associated with the risk of perinatal death, requiring increased antenatal surveillance of fetal wellbeing. Management with primary reduction when technically feasible is recommended in these infants, considering that the use of silos was associated with higher mortality.

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Resumen Desde la identificación del virus Junin en la década del 50, se realizaron numerosos estudios en roedores silvestres dentro del área endémica de la Fiebre Hemorrágica Argentina (FHA) que per mitieron registrar, además, actividad del virus de la coriomeningitis linfocitaria (LCMV) y del virus Latino (LATV). La ausencia de casos confirmados de FHA desde la década del 90 en el departamento Río Cuarto, provincia de Córdoba, promovió la vigilancia ecoepidemiológica y de infección del Calomys musculinus (reservorio del virus Junin) y la búsqueda de reservorios e infección de los otros mammarenavirus. Durante dos años de muestreo estacional, con un sistema de captura, marcación y liberación capturamos 857 roedores, que correspondieron 57.3% a los reservorios: C. musculinus (especie más abundante), C. venustus y Mus musculus. Detectamos anticuerpos y caracterizamos molecularmente los tres agentes virales. Observamos una prevalencia de infección de 3.5% (9/254) para virus Junin, 100% (3/3) para LCMV y 24.1% (21/87) para LATV. En conclusión, demostra mos circulación de virus Junin en su roedor reservorio, en una región considerada histórica para FHA con riesgo potencial para la población y cocirculación espacio-temporal de los tres mammarenavirus en la región central de Argentina.

Abstract Since the identification of Junin virus in the 1950s, many studies were carried out in wild rodents within the endemic area of the Argentine Hemorrhagic Fe ver (AHF) that recorded also the activity of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and the Latino virus (LATV). The absence of confirmed cases of AHF since the 1990s in the department of Rio Cuarto, Córdoba province, promoted ecoepidemiological surveillance of infection of Calomys musculinus (Junin virus reservoir) and the search of reservoirs of the other mammarenaviruses. During two years of seasonal sampling, with a capture, mark and release system, 857 rodents were captured, corresponding 57.3% to the rodent reservoirs: C. musculinus, C. venustus and Mus musculus, being the first the most abundant species. Antibodies were detected and the three viral agents were molecularly characterized, showing a prevalence of infection of 3.5% (9/254) for Junin virus, 100% (3/3) for LCMV and 24.1% (21/87) for LATV. In conclusion, we demonstrated Junin virus circulation in its rodent reservoir in a region considered historic for AHF with potential risk for the population and the spatio-temporal co-circulation of the three mammarenaviruses in the central region of Argentina.

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Since the identification of Junin virus in the 1950s, many studies were carried out in wild rodents within the endemic area of the Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever (AHF) that recorded also the activity of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and the Latino virus (LATV). The absence of confirmed cases of AHF since the 1990s in the department of Rio Cuarto, Córdoba province, promoted ecoepidemiological surveillance of infection of Calomys musculinus (Junin virus reservoir) and the search of reservoirs of the other mammarenaviruses. During two years of seasonal sampling, with a capture, mark and release system, 857 rodents were captured, corresponding 57.3% to the rodent reservoirs: C. musculinus, C. venustus and Mus musculus, being the first the most abundant species. Antibodies were detected and the three viral agents were molecularly characterized, showing a prevalence of infection of 3.5% (9/254) for Junin virus, 100% (3/3) for LCMV and 24.1% (21/87) for LATV. In conclusion, we demonstrated Junin virus circulation in its rodent reservoir in a region considered historic for AHF with potential risk for the population and the spatio-temporal co-circulation of the three mammarenaviruses in the central region of Argentina.

Desde la identificación del virus Junin en la década del 50, se realizaron numerosos estudios en roedores silvestres dentro del área endémica de la Fiebre Hemorrágica Argentina (FHA) que permitieron registrar, además, actividad del virus de la coriomeningitis linfocitaria (LCMV) y del virus Latino (LATV). La ausencia de casos confirmados de FHA desde la década del 90 en el departamento Río Cuarto, provincia de Córdoba, promovió la vigilancia ecoepidemiológica y de infección del Calomys musculinus (reservorio del virus Junin) y la búsqueda de reservorios e infección de los otros mammarenavirus. Durante dos años de muestreo estacional, con un sistema de captura, marcación y liberación capturamos 857 roedores, que correspondieron 57.3% a los reservorios: C. musculinus (especie más abundante), C. venustus y Mus musculus. Detectamos anticuerpos y caracterizamos molecularmente los tres agentes virales. Observamos una prevalencia de infección de 3.5% (9/254) para virus Junin, 100% (3/3) para LCMV y 24.1% (21/87) para LATV. En conclusión, demostramos circulación de virus Junin en su roedor reservorio, en una región considerada histórica para FHA con riesgo potencial para la población y cocirculación espacio-temporal de los tres mammarenavirus en la región central de Argentina.

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El parto pretérmino es una de las principales causas de muerte neonatal y de hospitalización antenatal. La insuficiencia cervical constituye un factor de riesgo para dicha patología, el objetivo del artículo es describir un caso de insuficiencia cervical manejado con cerclaje transabdominal por vía laparoscópica. Presentación del caso: Paciente de 37 años con antecedente de tabique uterino corregido por histeroscopia a quien en su primera gestación se le realizó cerclaje vaginal fallido por parto pretérmino a las 24 semanas de gestación con producto fallecido por prematurez extrema. En el siguiente embarazo se le realizó un cerclaje transabdominal por vía laparoscópica, consiguiendo embarazo a término con recién nacido sano de 38 semanas de gestación y peso de 2840 gramos. Conclusiones: el cerclaje transabdominal por vía laparoscópica presenta tasas elevadas de éxito durante el embarazo, asociado a bajas complicaciones, menor perdida sanguínea intraoperatoria y menor estancia hospitalaria constituyéndose como una técnica factible y segura en pacientes con diagnóstico de insuficiencia cervical con algunas indicaciones tales como cerclaje vaginal previo fallido.

Preterm birth is a major cause of neonatal mortality and antenatal hospitalization. Cervical insufficiency constitutes a risk factor for premature birth. This article aims to describe a case of cervical insufficiency managed with laparoscopic transabdominal cerclage. A case is presented in a 37-year-old patient with septate uterus corrected by hysteroscopic surgery and a failed transvaginal cerclage with a preterm stillbirth as a result of severe prematurity in her first pregnancy. A laparoscopic transabdominal cerclage was done during her next pregnancy resulting in a healthy, full-term (38 weeks) newborn who weighed 2840 grams. Conclusions: laparoscopic cerclage in pregnancy has a high success rate with minimum complications and reduced blood loss and hospital stay. It is a feasible and safe technique for patients with cervical insufficiency and is effective in specific circumstances such as previous failed vaginal cerclage.

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Resumen: La sirenomelia, también conocida como síndrome de la sirena, es una malformación congénita grave, generalmente incompatible con la vida, poco frecuente y de etiología aun no establecida, aunque se sospechan causas heterogéneas, específicamente, de origen vascular, pero que finalmente no han sido totalmente dilucidadas. Reporta una incidencia de 1 por cada 24 000-67 000 nacidos, caracterizada por la fusión de los miembros inferiores y asociada alteraciones en diferentes órganos y sistemas, entre las cuales las malformaciones renales son las más frecuentes. En el presente artículo reportamos el caso de un recién nacido, producto de embarazo gemelar con uno de los fetos que cursa con sirenomelia, sin diagnóstico prenatal, en un hospital de cuarto nivel, en Bogotá, Colombia.

Abstract: Sirenomelia, also known as siren syndrome, is a rare serious congenital malformation, generally incompatible with life, whose etiology has not yet been established. Although heterogeneous causes are suspected, specifically of vascular origin, they have not been fully elucidated. It reports an incidence of 1 per 24,000-67,000 newborns and is characterized by the fusion of the lower limbs and associated alterations in various organs and systems, among which kidney malformations are the most frequent. This article reports the case of a newborn, product of twin pregnancy, who has sirenomelia without a prenatal diagnosis at a fourth-level hospital in Bogotá, Colombia.

Resumo: A sirenomelia, também conhecida como a "síndrome da sereia", é uma malformação congénita grave, geralmente incompatível com a vida, pouco frequente e de etiologia ainda não estabelecida, embora haja supostas causas heterogéneas, em específico, de origem vascular, mas que, finalmente, não são totalmente esclarecidas. Relatam uma incidência de 1 para cada 24 000-67 000 nascidos, caracterizada pela fusão dos membros inferiores e associada a alterações em diferentes órgãos e sistemas, entre as quais as malformações renais são as mais frequentes. Neste artigo, relatamos o caso de um recém-nascido, produto de uma gestação gemelar com um dos fetos que cursa com sirenomelia, sem diagnóstico pré-natal, em um hospital quaternário de Bogotá, Colômbia.

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The objectives of the study were to describe the feasibility of an intervention in older women based on folk dances of the Colombian Caribbean region, and to analyze the effects of the intervention on physical fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). A pilot study was conducted in a sample of 27 participants, 15 in the intervention group (IG) and 12 in the comparison group (CG). Caribbean Colombian dance rhythms were introduced as an intervention that lasted 12 weeks. Recruitment and retention was not optimal. Treatment fidelity components indicated that intervention was administered as intended. IG participants showed positive and statistically significant changes in some components of physical fitness. No significant changes were observed in HRQoL indicators for either group. In conclusion, the intervention was feasible, but recruitment and retention was challenging. Folk dances of the Colombian Caribbean region provoked significant results in physical fitness but not in HRQoL.

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OBJECTIVE: To update the information on the geographic distribution of bat-transmitted rabies foci in Colombia and evaluate the biotic and abiotic conditions associated with the incidence of this disease in the country. METHODS: Observational study of a database containing information on the wild rabies foci identified between 1982 and 2010 and the cattle population in each municipality. The municipalities were classified according to the disease's risk of transmission, and an environmental characterization of 15 variables was carried out. A maximum entropy model was developed to predict which areas had conditions appropriate for the presence of the Desmodus rotundus vector infected by the virus and to evaluate the importance of the variables employed. RESULTS: There were 2 330 foci in 359 (31.8%) of the country's 1 128 municipalities; 144 municipalities were classified as high risk. The highest incidence rates were found in Montería, Valledupar, Riohacha, Aguachica, Unguía, Acandí, Río de Oro, Tibú, Sahagún, and San Onofre. Rabies foci were found year-round but were more frequent (linear correlation [r] = 0.64) during the dry months (January to April). Temperature and precipitation were the variables contributing the greatest robustness to the prediction model. CONCLUSIONS: Prevention and control measures should be implemented in high-risk municipalities. The best months for conducting vaccination campaigns are June, November, and December. In future analyses, biotic interaction variables should be included to improve the predictive capacity of the model.

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OBJETIVO: Actualizar la información sobre la distribución geográfica de los focos de rabia transmitida por quirópteros en Colombia y evaluar las condiciones bióticas y abióticas asociadas con la incidencia de esta enfermedad en el país. MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional a partir de una base de datos construida con la información de los focos de rabia silvestre detectados entre 1982 y 2010 y la población bovina de cada municipio. Se clasificaron los municipios según el riesgo de transmisión de la enfermedad y se realizó una caracterización ambiental de 15 variables. Se elaboró un modelo de máxima entropía para predecir las zonas con condiciones apropiadas para la presencia del vector Desmodus rotundus infectado por el virus y evaluar la importancia de las variables empleadas. RESULTADOS: Se presentaron 2 330 focos en 359 (31,8%) de los 1 128 municipios del país; 144 municipios se clasificaron como de alto riesgo. Montería, Valledupar, Riohacha, Aguachica, Unguía, Acandí, Río de Oro, Tibú, Sahagún y San Onofre concentraron las mayores tasas de incidencia. Los focos de rabia se presentaron a lo largo de todo el año, aunque en los meses secos (de enero a abril) se observó una mayor frecuencia (correlación lineal [r] = 0,64). La temperatura y las precipitaciones son las variables que más robustez aportaron al modelo de predicción. CONCLUSIONES: Se recomienda aplicar medidas de control y prevención en los municipios con alto riesgo. Los mejores meses para realizar jornadas de vacunación son junio, noviembre y diciembre. En futuros análisis se deben incluir variables de interacción biótica para mejorar la capacidad predictiva del modelo.

OBJECTIVE: To update the information on the geographic distribution of bat-transmitted rabies foci in Colombia and evaluate the biotic and abiotic conditions associated with the incidence of this disease in the country. METHODS: Observational study of a database containing information on the wild rabies foci identified between 1982 and 2010 and the cattle population in each municipality. The municipalities were classified according to the disease's risk of transmission, and an environmental characterization of 15 variables was carried out. A maximum entropy model was developed to predict which areas had conditions appropriate for the presence of the Desmodus rotundus vector infected by the virus and to evaluate the importance of the variables employed. RESULTS: There were 2 330 foci in 359 (31.8%) of the country's 1 128 municipalities; 144 municipalities were classified as high risk. The highest incidence rates were found in Montería, Valledupar, Riohacha, Aguachica, Unguía, Acandí, Río de Oro, Tibú, Sahagún, and San Onofre. Rabies foci were found year-round but were more frequent (linear correlation [r] = 0.64) during the dry months (January to April). Temperature and precipitation were the variables contributing the greatest robustness to the prediction model. CONCLUSIONS: Prevention and control measures should be implemented in high-risk municipalities. The best months for conducting vaccination campaigns are June, November, and December. In future analyses, biotic interaction variables should be included to improve the predictive capacity of the model.

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La diabetes gestacional es un motivo de consulta frecuente en medicina materno-fetal; los casos vienen en aumento y por ende las complicaciones neonatales de los hijos de madres con diabetes gestacional, cada una de ellas es revisada con el fin de esclarecer la causa y el tratamiento. Nuestro estudio es descriptivo y se consultaron las bases de datos: ScienceDirect, Ovid, Medline, Pubmed, LILACS. El objetivo es revisar la diabetes gestacional como entidad y describir las principales complicaciones neonatales. Dentro del abordaje de una gestante con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus debemos clasificar si es tipo 1 o tipo 2, establecer un objetivo claro en el valor de la glucometría y lo más importante un plan nutricional; cuando lo anterior no es posible las complicaciones neonatales se hacen inminentes y el riesgo de muerte in útero es mayor. Durante la gestación la evaluación gineco-obstétrica nos ayuda a descartar malformaciones congénitas en el feto, y al nacer se evaluará la adaptación neonatal, para iniciar tratamiento temprano y disminuir la mortalidad en el recién nacido hijo de madre diabética.

Gestational diabetes is a frequent complaint in maternal-fetal medicine; cases are on the rise and therefore neonatal complications in children of mothers with gestational diabetes, which will be reviewed in order to clarify the cause and treatment update. Our study is descriptive and consulted the database: Science Direct, Ovid, Medline, PubMed, LILACS. The objective is to review the gestational diabetes as an entity and describe major neonatal complications. Within the approach of a pregnant woman diagnosed with diabetes mellitus should classify whether type 1 or type 2, set a clear goal in the value of blood glucose and most importantly a nutrition plan, if the above is not possible neonatal complications are and the risk of imminent death in utero is higher. During pregnancy, gynecological evaluation helps us discard obstrética congenital malformations in the fetus at birth and assess neonatal adaptation to initiate early treatment and reduce mortality in the newborn of a diabetic mother.

A diabetes gestacional é um motivo de consulta frequente em medicina materno-fetal; os casos vêm em aumento e portanto as complicações neonatales dos filhos de mães com diabetes gestacional, as quais serão revisadas com o fim de esclarecer a causa e actualizar o tratamento. Nosso estudo é descritivo e consultaram-se os bancos de dados: Science Direct, Ovid, Medline, Pubmed, LILACS. O objectivo é revisar a diabetes gestacional como entidade e descrever as principais complicações neonatales. Dentro da abordagem de uma gestante com diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus devemos classificar se é tipo 1 ou tipo 2, estabelecer um objectivo claro no valor da glucometria e o mais importante um plano nutricional; quando o anterior não é possível as complicações neonatales se fazem iminentes e o risco de morte in útero é maior. Durante a gestación a avaliação gineco-obstrética ajuda-nos a descartar malformaciones congénitas no feto e ao nascer avaliar-se-á a adaptação neonatal para iniciar tratamento temporão e diminuir a mortalidade no recém nascido filho de mãe diabética.

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La enfermedad hipertensiva inducida por el embarazo (EHIE) es una de las causas más frecuentesde morbimortalidad materno-fetal. Se presenta en todas las poblaciones, con una incidenciageneral que varía entre el 5 y 7 percent.Este trabajo corresponde a un estudio descriptivo exploratorio de casos, aplicado a ungrupo de pacientes que asistió a los servicios de maternidad de hospitales de Barranquilla enel período comprendido entre diciembre de 2003-junio de 2004, en el cual fue realizado unestudio de carácter clínico-anatomohistopatológico que comparó placentas de gestantes condiagnóstico clínico de preeclampsia con placentas controles.Se concluyó que las alteraciones vasculares deciduales, el aumento del número de nódulossinciciales, infartos, hemorragias, lesiones del circuito vascular-fetal, traducidas por necrosishialina de la media de los vasos y presencia de células xantomatosas1 (aterosis aguda), son lasalteraciones más sugestivas de la enfermedad hipertensiva del embarazo. Comprobando así lodescrito en la literature>

The hypertensive disease induced by the pregnancy (HDIP), is one of the most frequent causes of morbimortality materno-fetal. It presents displays on all the populations with a general incidence between 5 and 7 percent.This work corresponds to an exploratory descriptive study of cases, applied to a group of patients that attended the services of maternity of hospitals in the period between December 2003 – June 2004, in which was made a analysis of character clinic-anatomohistopatologic which compare placentas of women with clinic diagnose of preeclampsia with placentas controls. This study demostrated alterations in the maternal fetal circuit, translated by hyaline necrosis of the average of the vases and the presence of xantomatosas cells (uteruses aged). Was observed proliferation of nodules sinciciales. The presence of fibrin of nitabuchi, deposits fibrinoides, infiltrated mononuclear, calcifications, thrombosis, necrosis fibrinode hya...

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