Assuntos
alfa-Glucosidases/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo II/diagnóstico , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo II/tratamento farmacológico , Doença de Depósito de Glicogênio Tipo II/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , alfa-Glucosidases/deficiência , alfa-Glucosidases/metabolismoRESUMO
Binuclear lanthanide(III) compounds are of great interest because of the potential of their mutual Ln(3+)-Ln(3+) electronic couplings to produce unusually sharp images in magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging of biological tissue. The toxicity and neuropharmacological properties of the water soluble and stable neutral binuclear complex [La(api)](2) were compared with those of binuclear complexes with lower water stability, and the components used in their syntheses. The order of the 24-h LD(50) (mg/kg body wt.) of the compounds in mice was: salicylaldehyde (2.24)
Assuntos
Convulsivantes/toxicidade , Metais Terras Raras/toxicidade , Animais , Atropina/farmacologia , Defecação/efeitos dos fármacos , Diazepam/farmacologia , Dose Letal Mediana , Metais Terras Raras/química , Camundongos , Modelos Moleculares , Conformação Molecular , Parassimpatomiméticos/farmacologia , Pentobarbital/farmacologia , Convulsões/induzido quimicamente , Micção/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The possible diuretic effect of the leaf extract of Cecropia obtusifolia, Bertol; used in Costa Rican traditional medicine, was tested on five Sprague Dawley rats in individual metabolic cages. During the control week, distilled water was administered with an intragastric cannula. During the C.obtusifolia week, the rats were given the aqueous leaf extract in a daily dosage of 500 mg/kg, intragastricly. Although, the urinary flow was increased (p < 0.05) by a 20%, there was no statistically significant difference between the following parameters: excretion in urine of osmoles, sodium and potassium; daily ingestion of food and water. The animal weights decreased when C. obtusifolia was used, but only on the fourth day the decrease was significant (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the aqueous leaf extract of C. obtusifolia has a slight diuretic effect.
Assuntos
Diurese/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Concentração Osmolar , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Potássio/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Sódio/metabolismoRESUMO
Mortality amongst severely malnourished children is often associated with an unusually high hepatic store of iron (Fe). Indeed, this excess Fe has been implicated in the aetiology of kwashiorkor. In order to examine the possibility that unbound Fe may be present in the plasma of malnourished Jamaican children, Fe and its transport protein, transferrin were measured. Transferrin saturation ( percentTS) was calculated from plasma Fe and transferrin levels. The measurements were also carried out in a control group of 23 healthy children who had presented for elective minor surgery. Plasma Fe levels (fg/dl) in children with marasmic-kwashiorkor (MK; n = 59. 69ñmeanñ), kwashiorkor (K, n = 37; 76ñ) and in those who died (D;n = 24: 111ñ) were not significantly different from the control group (C; 79ñ). In the marasmic group Fe levels (M;n = 63: 66ñ g/dl) were significantly lower than (p<0.05) than normal. In malnutrition, transferrin levels (mg/dl) were significantly lower (p<0.001) than normal: C - 232ñM - 170ñn = 66: MK - 110ñn = 61: K - 84ñn = 41: D - 77ñn = 24. In the marasmic group transferrin levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) than the other malnourished groups. percentTS was lowest in the marasmic group and highest in the group of children who died. At a percentTS of 30 percent, mortality was 5 per cent compared with a mortality of 24 per cent when percentTS was >90 per cent. It is concluded that oedematous malnourished Jamaican children have normal plasma levels of iron, but significantly reduced levels of circulating transferrin. The latter were more severely decreased in children with kwashiorkor and those who died. Elevated percentTS was associated with increased mortality. It is recommended that iron supplements be witheld during the early stages of resuscitation of the malnourished child (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Transferrina , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil , Ferro/sangue , Ferro/metabolismo , Kwashiorkor/etiologia , JamaicaAssuntos
Aborto Espontâneo/história , Arte/história , Pessoas Famosas , Medicina nas Artes , Pinturas/história , Feminino , História do Século XX , Humanos , México , GravidezRESUMO
Selenium (Se) deficiency appears to play a part in the development of oedematous malnutrition. It occurs in regions where soil Se availability is low. This is likely in wet, tropical limestone-based regions, such as in much of Jamaica. In high Se regions in Venezuela, Se status of the inhabitants and Se concentrations in the locally produced eggs were high. The present study explored the potential use of egg Se concentrations as a monitor for low Se areas in Jamaica. Six areas were selected, three of which were expected to be low Se areas. Homes were visited and free range hens' eggs, soil samples and hair samples were collected. Se concentrations of the sample were measured. For each area, the mean concentrations in ppm dry weight were: Glengoffe, Haynes, E. St. Thomas, Porus, Mavis Bank, Lluidas Vale; YOLK - 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 1.8, 1.2, 1.6 respectively Total mean is 1.8; WHITE - 1.5, 3.0, 4.4, 2.4, 1.6, 2.1 Total mean is 2.7; SOIL - 0.7, 0.6, 1.1, 1.8, 0.4, 1.9 respectively Total mean is 1.2; HAIR - 0.5, 0.6, 0.6, 0.8, 0.5, 0.5 respectively Total mean is 0.6. In many of the soil samples, the values found were lower than the accepted normal range. However, in egg and hair samples, they were mostly within the normal (literature) range. There were no very low values. There was a linear correlation between egg white and egg yolk concentrations (n=101, r=0.84, p<0.001) and between egg yolk and soil concentration (n=102, r=0.20, p<0.05). Overall, however, egg Se concentration did not reflect closely either soil or hair Se concentration, and therefore is unlikely to be a useful index of Se status of a community (AU)
Assuntos
Selênio/deficiência , Ovos/análise , Solo/análise , Cabelo , JamaicaRESUMO
We have defined a new autosomal recessive disorder in patients stemming from a small community in northern Mexico. Diagnosable at birth, its major symptoms include brittle hair, mental retardation, and nail dysplasia. Structural hair abnormalities are seen by both light and electron microscopy. Hair cystine content is reduced while the copper/zinc ratio in hair is increased.
Assuntos
Genes Recessivos , Doenças do Cabelo/genética , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Unhas Malformadas/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Aminoácidos/análise , Cobre/análise , Cistina/análise , Feminino , Cabelo/análise , Humanos , Masculino , México , Microscopia Eletrônica , Linhagem , Síndrome , Zinco/análiseRESUMO
The disordered biosynthesis of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in brain in untreated PKU is corrected by dietary restriction of phenylalanine. Low levels of biogenic amine metabolites were measured in cerebrospinal fluid from three patients with classical PKU; metabolite concentrations increased after dietary treatment. In a variant of hyperphenylalaninemia caused by deficiency of dihydropteridine reductase, there is defective metabolism of biogenic amines despite dietary restriction of phenylalanine. Two siblings with DHPR deficiency had low amine metabolite values in CSF; in one patient the metabolic defect was corrected by administration of hydroxylated amino acid precursors. Defective biosynthesis of biogenic amines in brain in disorders associated with hyperphenylalaninemia and evaluation of specific dietary treatments can be determined by analysis of neurotransmitter metabolites in CSF.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Neurotransmissores/biossíntese , Fenilalanina/sangue , Fenilcetonúrias/dietoterapia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Di-Hidropteridina Redutase/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Neurotransmissores/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Fenilcetonúrias/diagnóstico , Fenilcetonúrias/metabolismo , GravidezRESUMO
We have presented 2 affected sibs-a male and female-with unaffected parents and sib from a small remote northern Mexican village. The syndrome includes mental deficit, brittle hair with decreased cuticular layer and an apparently collapsed cortex. The patients' hair contains decreased sulfur content and increased concentrations of trace elements as determined by x-ray fluorescent spectroscopy. Studies are underway to evaluate other apparently similarly affected children from the village where our family originated.