RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to describe the histological findings of the gallbladders of patients undergoing cholecystectomy and to evaluate the presence of factors associated with gallbladder incidental cancer. METHODS: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study with 1,278 histopathological exams of gallbladders coming from cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis and of their reports, held from January 2008 to December 2017. RESULTS: the most common pathological finding was chronic cholecystitis, present in 1,251 patients (97.8%), followed by gallbladder cholesterolosis, in 131 (10.2%). Gallbladder cancer was identified in six patients, with a prevalence of 0.5% in this sample. There was a significant association between the presence of cancer and age ≥60 years and wall thickness ≥0.3cm. CONCLUSION: there was low prevalence of gallbladder cancer in this population, higher occurrence in the elderly and association of the tumor with gallbladder wall thickness.
OBJETIVO: descrever os achados histológicos das vesículas biliares de pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia e avaliar a presença de fatores associados ao câncer incidental da vesícula. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo, transversal e observacional de 1.278 exames anatomopatológicos de vesículas biliares oriundas de colecistectomias por colelitíase e de seus respectivos laudos, realizadas no período de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2017. RESULTADOS: o achado anatomopatológico mais frequente foi a colecistite crônica, presente em 1.251 pacientes (97,8%), seguido pela colesterolose em 131 (10,2%). O câncer de vesícula foi identificado em seis pacientes, com prevalência de 0,5% nesta amostra. Houve associação significativa entre a presença de câncer e idade ≥60 anos e com a espessura da parede ≥0,3cm. CONCLUSÃO: houve baixa prevalência de câncer de vesícula na população avaliada, maior ocorrência na população idosa e associação de tumor com espessamento da parede vesicular.
Assuntos
Colecistectomia/métodos , Colecistite/patologia , Colelitíase/patologia , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/patologia , Vesícula Biliar/patologia , Adulto , Colecistite/complicações , Colecistite/cirurgia , Colelitíase/complicações , Colelitíase/cirurgia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Vesícula Biliar/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/etiologia , Neoplasias da Vesícula Biliar/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In order to reduce difficulties with learning surgical techniques, supplementary tools for training were developed. This paper describes the learning curve followed by student volunteer research subjects who used an alternative model for practicing vascular anastomosis. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the vascular anastomosis technique learning curve and development of manual skills using a low-cost experimental model. METHODS: Experimental and prospective study using end-to-side vascular anastomosis in latex balloons over five successive phases, initiated after theoretical and practical guidance given by experienced vascular surgeon. The study subjects were six undergraduate medical students from Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil, in their third to fifth years of the course. Cluster analysis was used to interpret the data collected on the quality of anastomoses and the time taken. RESULTS: The time taken to perform anastomosis reduced for all students, with statistical differences from phase 1 compared to phases 4 and 5. There was also a trend to increasing scores on the quality index as the phases progressed. However, no statistical differences were detected using the Friedman test, which is appropriate for data measured with ordinal levels (quality was assessed on a scale of 1 to 5). CONCLUSIONS: It was found that the training model used was effective for increasing learning of this technique. It is believed that future studies with larger samples or a higher number of phases could demonstrate both reduced time and improved quality of the anastomoses performed with statistical significance.
RESUMO
RESUMO Objetivo: descrever os achados histológicos das vesículas biliares de pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia e avaliar a presença de fatores associados ao câncer incidental da vesícula. Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal e observacional de 1.278 exames anatomopatológicos de vesículas biliares oriundas de colecistectomias por colelitíase e de seus respectivos laudos, realizadas no período de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2017. Resultados: o achado anatomopatológico mais frequente foi a colecistite crônica, presente em 1.251 pacientes (97,8%), seguido pela colesterolose em 131 (10,2%). O câncer de vesícula foi identificado em seis pacientes, com prevalência de 0,5% nesta amostra. Houve associação significativa entre a presença de câncer e idade ≥60 anos e com a espessura da parede ≥0,3cm. Conclusão: houve baixa prevalência de câncer de vesícula na população avaliada, maior ocorrência na população idosa e associação de tumor com espessamento da parede vesicular.
ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the histological findings of the gallbladders of patients undergoing cholecystectomy and to evaluate the presence of factors associated with gallbladder incidental cancer. Methods: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study with 1,278 histopathological exams of gallbladders coming from cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis and of their reports, held from January 2008 to December 2017. Results: the most common pathological finding was chronic cholecystitis, present in 1,251 patients (97.8%), followed by gallbladder cholesterolosis, in 131 (10.2%). Gallbladder cancer was identified in six patients, with a prevalence of 0.5% in this sample. There was a significant association between the presence of cancer and age ≥60 years and wall thickness ≥0.3cm. Conclusion: there was low prevalence of gallbladder cancer in this population, higher occurrence in the elderly and association of the tumor with gallbladder wall thickness.