RESUMO

The development of novel radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear medicine based on M(CO)3 (M = Tc, Re) complexes has attracted great attention. The versatility of this core and the easy production of the fac-[M(CO)3(H2O)3](+) precursor could explain this interest. The main characteristics of these tricarbonyl complexes are the high substitution stability of the three CO ligands and the corresponding lability of the coordinated water molecules, yielding, via easy exchange of a variety of bi- and tridentate ligands, complexes xof very high kinetic stability. Here, a computational study of different tricarbonyl complexes of Re(I) and Tc(I) was performed using density functional theory. The solvent effect was simulated using the polarizable continuum model. These structures were used as a starting point to investigate the relative stabilities of tricarbonyl complexes with various tridentate ligands. These complexes included an iminodiacetic acid unit for tridentate coordination to the fac-[M(CO)3](+) moiety (M = Re, Tc), an aromatic ring system bearing a functional group (-NO2, -NH2, and -Cl) as a linking site model, and a tethering moiety (a methylene, ethylene, propylene butylene, or pentylene bridge) between the linking and coordinating sites. The optimized complexes showed geometries comparable to those inferred from X-ray data. In general, the Re complexes were more stable than the corresponding Tc complexes. Furthermore, using NH2 as the functional group, a medium length carbon chain, and ortho substitution increased complex stability. All of the bonds involving the metal center presented a closed shell interaction with dative or covalent character, and the strength of these bonds decreased in the sequence Tc-CO > Tc-O > Tc-N.

RESUMO

La clordecona es un compuesto organoclorado sintético, empleado como insecticida agrícola y clasificado como contaminante orgánico persistente de aguas y suelos por la Convención de Estocolmo. El uso de carbones activados es una metodología muy popular para la purificación de aguas contaminadas con contaminantes orgánicos persistentes. La clordecona marcada con yodo radiactivo (1-yodoclordecona) puede ser un radiotrazador adecuado para estudios de adsorción, de disponibilidad medioambiental y biodistribución de la clordecona. La selección del carbón activado más adecuado para la adsorción de clordecona requiere evaluar la eficiencia de una gran cantidad de los mismos, de manera empírica, lo que aumenta los costos de investigación. En el presente trabajo, un modelo simplificado de carbón activado con siete anillos aromáticos (coroneno) y un grupo funcional en el borde (carboxilato) se utilizó para evaluar in silico la influencia de este grupo superficial en la adsorción de la clordecona y la 1-yodoclordecona, bajo condiciones neutras de pH. Para ello se empleó la metodología de Hipersuperficie de Múltiples Mínimos con el hamiltoniano semiempírico PM7. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que para el carboxilato en medio neutro existen asociaciones significativas que sugieren quimisorción de la clordecona en el carbón activado. La 1-yodoclordecona se comporta de manera similar a la clordecona en su interacción con el carboxilato, por lo que constituye un buen candidato a radiotrazador para estudios experimentales.

Chlordecone is a synthetic organo chlorinated compound that has been used as pesticide. It has been identified and listed as persistent organic pollutant by the Stockholm Convention. The use of activated carbon filters is one of the most widely popular solutions for water decontamination. The chlordecone labeled with radioactive iodine (1-iodochordecone) is a potential radioactive tracer for studying adsorption, environmental availability and bio-distribution of chlordecone. The selection of the best suited activation carbon for this type of contaminants is mainly an empiric process, increasing the costs of research. A simplified activation carbon model, consisting of a seven ring graphene sheet with a functional group (carboxylate) was used to assess the interaction of chlordecone and 1-iodochlordecone with this surface group under neutral pH conditions over the adsorption process. The Multiple Minima Hypersurface methodology with the semiempirical Hamiltonian PM7 was used. The results indicate that for carboxylate, in neutral conditions, significant associations appear which suggest chemisorption in activated carbon. No significant differences were observed for the interactions of chlordecone and 1-iodochlordecone with carboxylate, making 1-iodochlordecone a good candidate as a radioactive tracer in medical research.