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BACKGROUND: Micro-osteoperforation is a minimally invasive technique aimed at accelerating tooth movement. The goal of this novel experimental study was to assess tooth movement and stress distribution produced by the force of orthodontic movement on the tooth structure, periodontal ligament, and maxillary bone structure, with and without micro-osteoperforation, using the finite element method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cone-beam computed tomography was used to obtain a virtual model of the maxilla and simulate the extraction of right and left first premolars. Three micro-osteoperforations (1.5 x 5 mm) were made in the hemiarch on the distal and mesial surfaces of upper canines, according to the power tip geometry of the Propel device (Propel Orthodontics, Ossining, New York, USA). An isotropic model of the maxilla was fabricated according to the finite element method by insertion of mechanical properties of the tooth structures, with orthodontic force (1.5 N) simulation in the distal movement on the upper canine of a hemiarch. RESULTS: Initial movement was larger when micro-osteoperforations were performed on the dental crown (24%) and on the periodontal ligament (29%). In addition, stress distribution was higher on the bone structure (31%) when micro-osteoperforations were used. CONCLUSIONS: Micro-osteoperforations considerably increased the movement of both the dental crown and periodontal ligament, which highlights their importance in the improvement of orthodontic movement, as well as in stress distribution across the bone structure. Important stress absorption regions were identified within micro-osteoperforations.

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This paper presents information on the morphological, morphometric, and dental sex differences in the dwarf round ray Urotrygon nana. We recorded 12 morphological traits, sex, the distribution pattern of dermal denticles, the number of tooth rows, and the tooth shape of 466 individuals. The disc width of females ranged from 50 to 172 mm and that of males ranged from 53 to 135 mm. A neuronal classification model and a correspondence analysis showed that female disc width was 21.5% broader, and the distance from the rostrum to the anus was 17.7% longer than that of males, whereas males presented 19.5% greater distance between the nostrils, 9.7% greater preorbital snout length, 6.8% greater cloaca to caudal-fin length, 2.7% greater interorbital distance, and 1.1% greater total length than females. The disc of adult males, including the abdominal cavity area, was densely covered with dermal denticles, which were slightly larger than those observed in females. Females presented homodont dentition with molariform teeth and a smooth lozenge-shaped crown with rounded margins. Males exhibited homodonty but with tooth morphology variations in individuals of different sizes (from molariforms to sharper cusp teeth). There were changes in disc shape (from subcircular to oval), distribution and size of dermal denticles (more abundant and larger), and tooth shape (from molariform to monocuspid teeth) during male development, from neonates to adults. U. nana exhibited sexual dimorphism in size, disc shape, number and shape of teeth, and distribution and size of dermal denticles.

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Universal health coverage has been proposed as a strategy to improve health in low- and middle-income countries, but this depends on a good provision of health services. Under-5 mortality (U5M) reflects the quality of health services, and its reduction has been a milestone in modern society, reducing global mortality rates by more than two-thirds between 1990 and 2020. However, despite these impressive achievements, they are still insufficient, and most deaths in children under 5 can be prevented with the provision of timely and high-quality health services. The aim of this paper is to conduct a literature review on amenable (treatable) mortality in children under 5. This indicator is based on the concept that deaths from certain causes should not occur in the presence of timely and effective medical care. A systematic and exhaustive review of available literature on amenable mortality in children under 5 was conducted using MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, OVID medline, Scielo, Epistemonikos, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar in both English and Spanish. Both primary sources, such as scientific articles, and secondary sources, such as bibliographic indices, websites, and databases, were used. Results: The main cause of amenable mortality in children under 5 was respiratory disease, and the highest proportion of deaths occurred in the perinatal period. Approximately 65% of avoidable deaths in children under 5 were due to amenable mortality, that is, due to insufficient quality in the provision of health services. Most deaths in all countries and around the world are preventable, primarily through effective and timely access to healthcare (amenable mortality) and the management of public health programs focused on mothers and children (preventable mortality).

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The metagenomic surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in wastewater has been suggested as a methodological tool to characterize the distribution, status, and trends of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this study, a cross-sectional collection of samples of hospital-associated raw and treated wastewater were obtained from February to March 2020. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were performed to characterize bacterial abundance and antimicrobial resistance gene analysis. The main bacterial phyla found in all the samples were as follows: Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. At the species level, ESKAPEE bacteria such as E. coli relative abundance decreased between raw and treated wastewater, but S. aureus, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa increased, as did the persistence of K. pneumoniae in both raw and treated wastewater. A total of 172 different ARGs were detected; blaOXA, blaVEB, blaKPC, blaGES, mphE, mef, erm, msrE, AAC(6'), ant(3″), aadS, lnu, PBP-2, dfrA, vanA-G, tet, and sul were found at the highest abundance and persistence. This study demonstrates the ability of ESKAPEE bacteria to survive tertiary treatment processes of hospital wastewater, as well as the persistence of clinically important antimicrobial resistance genes that are spreading in the environment.

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BACKGROUND: Hospitalizations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) incur substantial costs on the health system that could be partially avoided with adequate outpatient care. Complications of chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus (DM), are considered ACSC. Previous studies have shown that hospitalizations due to diabetes have a significant financial burden. In Mexico, DM is a major health concern and a leading cause of death, but there is limited evidence available. This study aimed to estimate the direct costs of hospitalizations by DM-related ACSC in the Mexican public health system. METHODS: We selected three hospitals from each of Mexico's main public institutions: the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), the Ministry of Health (MoH), and the Institute of Social Security and Services for State Workers (ISSSTE). We employed a bottom-up microcosting approach from the healthcare provider perspective to estimate the total direct costs of hospitalizations for DM-related ACSC. Input data regarding length of stay (LoS), consultations, medications, colloid/crystalloid solutions, procedures, and laboratory/medical imaging studies were obtained from clinical records of a random sample of 532 hospitalizations out of a total of 1,803 DM-related ACSC (ICD-10 codes) discharges during 2016. RESULTS: The average cost per DM-related ACSC hospitalization varies among institutions, ranging from $1,427 in the MoH to $1,677 in the IMSS and $1,754 in the ISSSTE. The three institutions' largest expenses are LoS and procedures. Peripheral circulatory and renal complications were the major drivers of hospitalization costs for patients with DM-related ACSC. Direct costs due to hospitalizations for DM-related ACSC in these three institutions represent 1% of the gross domestic product (GDP) dedicated to health and social services and 2% of total hospital care expenses. CONCLUSIONS: The direct costs of hospitalizations for DM-related ACSC vary considerably across institutions. Disparities in such costs for the same ACSC among different institutions suggest potential disparities in care quality across primary and hospital settings (processes and resource utilization), which should be further investigated to ensure optimal supply utilization. Prioritizing preventive measures for peripheral circulatory and renal complications in DM patients could be highly beneficial.

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Absorption and fluorescence spectra of the nitrogen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carbazole (CZL) were analyzed with native cyclodextrins (CD;α,ß,γ); derivatizedCD(hydroxypropyl-ß-cyclodextrin,HPCD; methyl-ß-cyclodextrin,MeCD) and p-sulfonated calixarenes (SCAn, with n = 6 and 8) macrocycles. The results showed a slight increase in the absorbance ofCZLwithCD, but the mixture ofCZLwithSCAshowed lower absorption than the sum of the individual spectra. Also, changes in fluorescence were observed by adding the macrocycles, quenching withSCA, and significant increases withCD. The higher fluorescence enhancement was withHPCDrationalized as a complex formation with 1:1 stoichiometry, with an average value for the association constant (KA) of (12 ± 1) x 102M-1, and a quantum yield ratio between the complexedCZLand freeCZL(ΦCZL-HPCD/ΦCZL) of (1.56 ± 0.02) at neutral pH and 25.0 °C. These increases in fluorescence were used as an on-fluorescence switch to develop a supramolecular analytical method forCZLin aqueous samples. The best analytical parameters were inHPCD(LOD = 1.41 ± 0.01 ng mL-1). The method was validated in aqueous samples of river and tap water with recoveries between 96%-104%. The proposed supramolecular method is quick, direct, selective and represents an alternative and low-cost analysis method.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the health information system (HIS) of Mexico according to the information reported to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The ultimate goal is to identify the improvements that should be considered. METHOD: Health indicators published by the OECD (2017 to 2021) are analyzed according to 11 thematic groups. Coverage (quantity and type of indicators reported by thematic group) and quality of information were assessed, according to OECD guidelines. RESULTS: Mexico reported annually 14 of 378 indicators (3.7%), and discontinuously 204. In no group were all indicators reported annually, except for the two on COVID-19. Three out of 88 were reported annually on use of services; and none on health status, quality of care and pharmaceutical market. Twelve indicators (5.5% of those reported by Mexico, 3.2% of the full OECD set) had optimal quality and annual reporting. 57.7% of the reported indicators had at least one quality defect. CONCLUSIONS: Within the framework of the standards set by the OECD, of which Mexico is a member, the Mexican HIS presents significant deficits in coverage and quality of information. These results should be considered to implement improvement initiatives.

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BACKGROUND: The success of collaborative quality improvement (QI) projects in healthcare depends on the context and engagement of health teams; however, the factors that modulate teams' motivation to participate in these projects are still unclear. The objective of the current study was to explore the barriers to and facilitators of motivation; the perspective was health professionals in a large project aiming to implement evidence-based infection prevention practices in intensive care units of Brazilian hospitals. METHODS: This qualitative study was based on content analysis of semistructured in-depth interviews held with health professionals who participated in a collaborative QI project named "Improving patient safety on a large scale in Brazil". In accordance with the principle of saturation, we selected a final sample of 12 hospitals located throughout the five regions of Brazil that have implemented QI; then, we conducted videoconference interviews with 28 health professionals from those hospitals. We encoded the interview data with NVivo software, and the interrelations among the data were assessed with the COM-B model. RESULTS: The key barriers identified were belief that improvement increases workload, lack of knowledge about quality improvement, resistance to change, minimal involvement of physicians, lack of supplies, lack support from senior managers and work overload. The primary driver of motivation was tangible outcomes, as evidenced by a decrease in infections. Additionally, factors such as the active participation of senior managers, teamwork, learning in practice and understanding the reason for changes played significant roles in fostering motivation. CONCLUSION: The motivation of health professionals to participate in collaborative QI projects is driven by a variety of barriers and facilitators. The interactions between the senior manager, quality improvement teams, and healthcare professionals generate attitudes that modulate motivation. Thus, these aspects should be considered during the implementation of such projects. Future research could explore the cost-effectiveness of motivational approaches.

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Remote sensing data and numerical simulation are important tools to rebuild any oil spill accident letting to identify its source and trajectory. Through these tools was identified an oil spill that affected Oaxacan coast in October 2022. The SAR images were processed with a standard method included in SNAP software, and the numerical simulation was made using Lagrangian transport model included in GNOME software. With the combining of these tools was possible to discriminate the look-alikes from true oil slicks; which are the main issue when satellite images are used. Obtained results showed that 4.3m3 of crude oil were released into the ocean from a punctual point of oil pollution. This oil spill was classified such as a small oil spill. The marine currents and weathering processes were the main drivers that controlled the crude oil displacement and its dispersion. It was estimated in GNOME that 1.6 m3 of crude oil was floating on the sea (37.2 %), 2.4 m3 was evaporated into the atmosphere (55.8 %) and 0.3 m3 reached the coast of Oaxaca (7 %). This event affected 82 km of coastline, but the most important touristic areas as well as turtle nesting zones were not affected by this small crude oil spill. Results indicated that the marine-gas-pump number 3 in Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, is a punctual point of oil pollution in the Southern Mexican Pacific Ocean. Further work is needed to assess the economic and ecological damage to Oaxacan coast caused by this small oil spill.

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PURPOSE: Mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma viral (KRAS) oncogene constitute a significant driver of lung adenocarcinoma, present in 10-40% of patients, which exhibit heterogeneous clinical outcomes, mainly driven by concurrent genetic alterations. However, characterization of KRAS mutational subtypes and their impact on clinical outcomes in Latin America is limited. METHODS: A cohort study was conducted at the National Cancer Institute (INCan) of Mexico. Individuals with advance-staged of adenocarcinoma and KRAS mutations, detected by next-generation sequencing, having undergone at least one line of therapy were included for analysis. Clinical and pathological characteristics were retrieved from institutional database from June 2014 to March 2023. RESULTS: KRAS was identified in fifty-four (15.6%) of 346 patients, among which 50 cases were included for analysis. KRASG12D (n = 16, 32%) and KRASG12C (n = 16, 32%) represented the most prevalent subtypes. KRASG12D mutations were associated with female (p = 0.018), never smokers (p = 0.108), and concurrences with EGFR (25.0% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.124) and CDKN2A (18.8% vs. 14.7%, p = 0.157). KRASG12D patients showed a better ORR (66.6% vs. 30.0%; OR 4.66, 95% CI 1.23-17.60, p = 0.023) and on multivariate analysis was significantly associated with better PFS (HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16-0.80; p = 0.012) and OS (HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.08-0.70; p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this study represents the first effort to comprehensively characterize the molecular heterogeneity of KRAS-mutant NSCLC in Latin American patients. Our data reinforce the current view that KRAS-mutated NSCLC is not a single oncogene-driven disease and emphasizes the prognostic impact of diverse molecular profiles in this genomically defined subset of NSCLC. Further validation is warranted in larger multicenter Latin American cohorts to confirm our findings.

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Introduction: Introduction: Mexico is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of childhood obesity worldwide. The increase of addictive behaviors at an early age is a possible cause of its development. The Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children (YFAS-C) allows identifying children with food addictive behaviors. Objective: to validate the YFAS-C scale in Spanish in a population sample of Mexican children and adolescents. Material and methods: an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed. The study sample consisted of 448 children from seven to 14 years of age. The first stage involved translation into Spanish; a second stage involved the solution of questions with discrepancies; then, a reverse translation into the original language and a review by experts on the subject of eating disorders in pediatric population were performed; and in the last stage, a pilot test in order to culturally adapt the instrument and the evaluation of the psychometric properties was carried out. Results: using the principal component extraction method, four components were identified that explained 47.1 % of the sample variance. In the confirmatory factor analysis, it was found that the goodness-of-fit indices met the required values (CFI = 0.906: GFI = 0.932; AGFI = 0.915, SRMS = 0.007 and RMSEA = 0.043). Conclusions: a validated Spanish version of the YFAS-C scale was obtained for Mexican children and adolescents to assess food addiction.

Introducción: Introducción: México es uno de los países con mayor prevalencia de obesidad infantil a nivel mundial. El aumento de comportamientos adictivos a temprana edad es una posible causa de su desarrollo. La escala de adicción a los alimentos para niños Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children (YFAS-C) permite identificar a los niños con conductas adictivas. Objetivo: validar la escala YFAS-C en español en una muestra de niñas/niños y adolescentes mexicanos. Material y métodos: se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio, con una muestra de estudio conformada por 448 niños de siete a 14 años de edad. En la primera etapa se realizó la traducción al español; en la segunda etapa, la solución de preguntas con discrepancias; posteriormente, una traducción inversa al idioma original y una revisión por expertos en el tema de trastornos alimenticios en población pediátrica; y en la última etapa, una prueba piloto con el fin de adaptar culturalmente el instrumento y la evaluación de las propiedades psicométricas. Resultados: utilizando el método de extracción de componentes principales, se identificaron cuatro componentes que explicaron el 47,1 % de la varianza muestral. En el análisis factorial confirmatorio se encontró que los índices de bondad de ajuste cumplieron con los valores requeridos (CFI = 0,906; GFI = 0,932; AGFI = 0,915; SRMS = 0,007; RMSEA = 0,043). Conclusiones: se obtuvo una versión validada al español de la escala YFAS-C para niñas/niños y adolescentes mexicanos que permitirá evaluar la adicción a la comida.

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Seascape genomics gives insight into the geographic and environmental factors shaping local adaptations. It improves the understanding of the potential effects of climate change, which is relevant to provide the basis for the international management of fishery resources. The pink abalone (Haliotis corrugata) is distributed from California, United States to Baja California Sur, Mexico, exposed to a latitudinal environmental gradient in the California Current System. Management of the pink abalone contrasts between Mexico and the United States; Mexico has an active fishery organized in four administrative areas, while the United States has kept the fishery in permanent closure since 1996. However, the impact of environmental factors on genetic variation along the species distribution remains unknown, and understanding this relationship is crucial for effective spatial management strategies. This study aims to investigate the neutral and adaptive genomic structure of H. corrugata. A total of 203 samples from 13 locations were processed using ddRADseq, and covering the species' distribution. Overall, 2,231 neutral, nine potentially adaptive and three genomic-environmental association loci were detected. The neutral structure identified two groups: 1) California, United States and 2) Baja California Peninsula, México. In addition, the adaptive structure analysis also detected two groups with genetic divergence observed at Punta Eugenia. Notably, the seawater temperature significantly correlated with the northern group (temperate) and the southern (warmer) group. This study is a valuable foundation for future research and conservation initiatives, emphasizing the importance of considering neutral and adaptive genetic factors when developing management strategies for marine species.

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Background: Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression is a predictive biomarker in patients with lung cancer, but its role in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains unclear. Evidence suggests that higher PD-L1 expression is correlated with worse survival. CALGB is the main scoring system used to predict the benefit of chemotherapy treatment. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression and its addition to CALGB scoring system in patients with MPM. Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we evaluated samples with confirmed locally advanced or metastatic MPM. PD-L1 Tumor Proportional Score (TPS) was determined by immunohistochemistry at diagnosis. Results: 73 patients were included in this study. A cutoff value of 15 was set for a high or low PD-L1 TPS. In total, 71.2% (n=52) and 28.8% (n=21) of individuals harbored low or high PD-L1 expression, respectively. PD-L1High was associated with worse median progression-free Survival (mPFS) [4.9 vs. 10.8 months; HR 2.724, 95% CI (1.44-5.14); p = 0.002] and Overall Survival (OS) [6.0 vs. 20.9 months; HR 6.87, 95% CI (3.4-8.7); p<0.001] compared to patients with PD-L1Low. Multivariate analysis confirmed that PD-L1 expression was an independent factor for PFS and OS in patients with MPM and CALGB score of 5-6. Conclusion: PD-L1 addition to CALGB scale improves its prognostic estimation of MPM survival and should be considered in future research.

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Abstract Introduction The suspension of clinical practices in the nursing profession during COVID-19 generated a decrease in the students՚ abilities and skills which made them vulnerable to more frequent to clinical practice stressors and levels of anxiety. Objective To determine the relation between clinical practice stressors and anxiety levels in nursing students during COVID-19. Method A descriptive correlational study with convenience sampling was carried out in 169 students enrolled from third to eight semesters in a public university in the city of Saltillo, Coahuila. For the measurement of variables a sociodemographic data card, the KEZKAK Questionnaire in its Spanish version to measure the clinical practice stressors and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were used. Data collection was through a digital link during August-December 2021. Descriptive and inferential statistics were sued through SPSS V.26. Results 57.4% reported a medium level of stress and 62.7% a low level of anxiety; however, there are stressors from clinical practice that lead to increased anxiety. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the study variables (r = .411, p<.001). Discussion and conclusion The challenges in clinical practice experienced during COVID-19 highlight that generations of future nursing professionals face a scenario that is the product of a post-pandemic era, so it is necessary to strengthen their knowledge and confidence to motivate them to feel safe within the hospital context.

Resumen Introducción La suspensión en las prácticas clínicas en la profesión de enfermería durante la COVID-19, generó en los estudiantes disminución de sus habilidades y destrezas que los hizo vulnerables a presentar con mayor frecuencia estresores de la práctica clínica y niveles de ansiedad. Objetivo Determinar la relación entre los estresores de la práctica clínica y los niveles de ansiedad en estudiantes de enfermería durante la COVID-19. Método Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo correlacional con muestreo por conveniencia en 169 estudiantes de tercero a octavo semestre matriculados en una universidad pública de la ciudad de Saltillo Coahuila. Para la medición de variables se utilizó la cédula de datos sociodemográficos, el Cuestionario KEZKAK para medir los estresores de la práctica clínica y el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck. La colecta de datos fue a través de un enlace digital durante agosto-diciembre 2021. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial a través del SPSS V.26. Resultados El 57.4% refiere un nivel medio de estrés y el 62.7% un bajo nivel de ansiedad; sin embargo, existen estresores provenientes de la práctica clínica que propician el aumento de ansiedad. Se encontró una correlación positiva estadísticamente significativa entre las variables de estudio (r = .411, p<.001). Discusión y conclusión Los retos en la práctica clínica experimentados durante la COVID-19, resaltan que las generaciones de futuros profesionistas en enfermería se enfrentan a un panorama producto de una época post-pandemia, por lo que es necesario afianzar sus conocimientos y su confianza para motivarlos a sentirse seguros dentro del contexto hospitalario.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Robotic approach has shown its feasibility and safety with respect to open approach for radical cystectomy (1). The performances of Hugo™ RAS system (Medtronic, Minneapolis, USA) have been demonstrated in several clinical scenarios (2-5). We report the feasibility and surgical settings of the first series of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal ileal-conduit performed with Hugo™ RAS system. Methods: Two patients were submitted to RARC with ileal conduit at our institution. The trocar placement scheme and the operating room setting with docking angles of the four arms were already described (6). A 12-mm and a 5-mm trocar for the assistant were placed. In both cases, an ileal-conduit with a Wallace type-1 uretero-enteric derivation was performed intra-corporeally. Results: The first patient was a 71-year-old male with a very-high risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(BC), and the second patient was a 64-year-old male with a diagnosis of T2 high-grade BC. Operative times were 360 and 420 minutes with a docking time of 12 and 9 minutes, respectively. No intraoperative complications occurred. The estimated blood loss was 200ml and 400ml, respectively. The second patient developed an ileus on postoperative day 4 (Clavien-Dindo grade 2). No positive surgical margins were recorded. No recurrence nor progression occurred during follow-up. Conclusion: RARC with intracorporeal ileal conduit urinary diversion is feasible with Hugo™ RAS system. We provided insight into the surgical setting using this novel robotic platform to help new adopters to face this challenging procedure. These findings may help a wider distribution of robotic programs for BC treatment.

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Immune dysregulation and cancer treatment may affect SARS-CoV-2 vaccination protection. Antibody production by B-cells play a vital role in the control and clearance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This study prospectively explores B-cell seroconversion following SARS-CoV-2 immunization in healthy individuals and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing oncological treatment. 92 NSCLC patients and 27 healthy individuals' blood samples were collected after receiving any COVID-19 vaccine. Serum and mononuclear cells were isolated, and a serum surrogate virus neutralization test kit evaluated SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. B-cell subpopulations on mononuclear cells were characterized by flow cytometry. Patients were compared based on vaccination specifications and target mutation oncological treatment. A higher percentage of healthy individuals developed more SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies than NSCLC patients (63% vs. 54.3%; p = 0.03). NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy (CTX) or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) developed antibodies in 45.2% and 53.7%, of cases, respectively, showing an impaired antibody generation. CTX patients exhibited trends towards lower median antibody production than TKIs (1.0, IQR 83 vs. 38.23, IQR 89.22; p = 0.069). Patients receiving immunotherapy did not generate antibodies. A sub-analysis revealed that those with ALK mutations exhibited non-significant trends towards higher antibody titers (63.02, IQR 76.58 vs. 21.78, IQR 93.5; p = 0.1742) and B-cells quantification (10.80, IQR 7.52 vs. 7.22, IQR 3.32; p = 0.1382) against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein than EGFR patients; nonetheless, these differences were not statistically significant. This study shows that antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 may be impaired in patients with NSCLC secondary to EGFR-targeted TKIs compared to ALK-directed treatment.

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INTRODUCTION: Robotic approach has shown its feasibility and safety with respect to open approach for radical cystectomy (1). The performances of HugoTM RAS system (Medtronic, Minneapolis, USA) have been demonstrated in several clinical scenarios (2-5). We report the feasibility and surgical settings of the first series of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal ileal-conduit performed with HugoTM RAS system. METHODS: Two patients were submitted to RARC with ileal conduit at our institution. The trocar placement scheme and the operating room setting with docking angles of the four arms were already described (6). A 12-mm and a 5-mm trocar for the assistant were placed. In both cases, an ileal-conduit with a Wallace type-1 uretero-enteric derivation was performed intra-corporeally. RESULTS: The first patient was a 71-year-old male with a very-high risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(BC), and the second patient was a 64-year-old male with a diagnosis of T2 high-grade BC. Operative times were 360 and 420 minutes with a docking time of 12 and 9 minutes, respectively. No intraoperative complications occurred. The estimated blood loss was 200ml and 400ml, respectively. The second patient developed an ileus on postoperative day 4 (Clavien-Dindo grade 2). No positive surgical margins were recorded. No recurrence nor progression occurred during follow-up. CONCLUSION: RARC with intracorporeal ileal conduit urinary diversion is feasible with HugoTM RAS system. We provided insight into the surgical setting using this novel robotic platform to help new adopters to face this challenging procedure. These findings may help a wider distribution of robotic programs for BC treatment.

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The current view of hematopoiesis considers leukocytes on a continuum with distinct developmental origins, and which exert non-overlapping functions. However, there is less known about the function and phenotype of ontogenetically distinct neutrophil populations. In this work, using a photoconvertible transgenic zebrafish line; Tg(mpx:Dendra2), we selectively label rostral blood island-derived and caudal hematopoietic tissue-derived neutrophils in vivo during steady state or upon injury. By comparing the migratory properties and single-cell expression profiles of both neutrophil populations at steady state we show that rostral neutrophils show higher csf3b expression and migration capacity than caudal neutrophils. Upon injury, both populations share a core transcriptional profile as well as subset-specific transcriptional signatures. Accordingly, both rostral and caudal neutrophils are recruited to the wound independently of their distance to the injury. While rostral neutrophils respond uniformly, caudal neutrophils respond heterogeneously. Collectively, our results reveal that co-existing neutrophils populations with ontogenically distinct origin display functional differences.

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In the present work, CuS nanoparticles were biorecovered from a real acid mine drainage (AMD) and its photocatalytic and antibacterial activities were studied. CuS were formed by delivering biogenic H2S produced by a continuous sulfidogenic bioreactor to an off-line vessel containing the AMD. The main physico-chemical properties of CuS nanoparticles were analyzed by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, FE-SEM, XRD and XPS. Moreover, its photocatalytic activity on the photodegradation of organic dyes in water and its antibacterial activity against several bacterial strains were studied and compared with CuS nanoparticles synthetized from a CuSO4 aqueous solution based on the same synthesis method. CuS nanoparticles from the real AMD showed similar physico-chemical properties and photocatalytic and antibacterial activities in comparison to CuS nanoparticles formed with the copper solutions. These results open the way to recover valorous CuS nanoparticles from AMD with potential industrial applications using a metal bioremediation process based on sulfidogenic bioreactors.

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