RESUMO
Pasteurella multocida is the main secondary bacterium isolated from cases of swine pneumonia. Although highly pathogenic strains of P. multocida have been associated with primary septic lesions and polyserositis in pigs, studies on this pathological presentation in naturally occurring cases are limited. The aim of this work was to characterize the clinical, pathological and molecular findings in cases of P. multocida polyserositis in growing-finishing pigs in a commercial farm in Brazil. The mean age of 17 investigated pigs was 120 days. Clinically, the disease was acute (11/17), with clinical signs of dyspnoea and apathy. Sudden death occurred in some animals (6/17). The main gross findings included fibrinous serositis affecting the abdominal and thoracic cavities (17/17), fibrinous pericarditis (15/17), marked cranioventral pulmonary consolidation (17/17) and splenic infarcts (3/17). P. multocida was isolated in all cases from systemic sites, including the pericardial sac and abdominal exudate. Molecular typing of genus and species was performed on four isolates, and all were characterized as P. multocida type A. Another five isolates were positive for the pathogenicity marker gene pfhA by polymerase chain reaction. This study reinforces the role of P. multocida as a cause of polyserositis in growing-finishing pigs.
Assuntos
Infecções por Pasteurella , Pasteurella multocida , Doenças dos Suínos , Suínos , Animais , Pasteurella multocida/genética , Infecções por Pasteurella/veterinária , Infecções por Pasteurella/microbiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Virulência/genética , BrasilRESUMO
Ocular involvement in systemic diseases is frequent in cats; however, without concurrent clinical and ophthalmic examinations with gross and/or histologic analysis of the eye, these findings can be underdiagnosed. This article aims to provide gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics of ocular lesions from cats submitted to necropsy, focusing on those caused by systemic infectious agents. Cats that died due to a systemic infectious disease were selected based on necropsy diagnosis and presence of ocular lesions. Gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings were recorded. From April 2018 to September 2019, 849 eyes of 428 cats were evaluated. Histologic abnormalities were seen in 29% of cases, which were classified as inflammatory (41%), neoplastic (32%), degenerative (19%), and metabolic/vascular (8%). Macroscopic changes were present in one-third of eyes with histologic lesions. Of these, 40% were attributed to inflammatory or neoplastic diseases associated with infectious agents. The most important infectious agents causing ocular disease in this study were feline leukemia virus, feline infectious peritonitis virus, and Cryptococcus sp. The most common ocular abnormalities associated with infectious agents were uveitis (anterior, posterior, or panuveitis), optic neuritis, and meningitis of the optic nerve. Ocular lesions secondary to systemic infections in cats are frequent; however, these are not always diagnosed because gross lesions are less common than histologic lesions. Therefore, both gross and histologic evaluation of the eyes of cats is recommended, mainly for cases in which the clinical suspicion or necropsy diagnosis suggests that an infectious agent might be related to the cause of death.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato , Doenças Transmissíveis , Peritonite Infecciosa Felina , Neoplasias , Sepse , Uveíte , Gatos , Animais , Olho/patologia , Uveíte/patologia , Uveíte/veterinária , Neoplasias/patologia , Neoplasias/veterinária , Sepse/patologia , Sepse/veterinária , Doenças Transmissíveis/patologia , Doenças Transmissíveis/veterinária , Doenças do Gato/patologia , Peritonite Infecciosa Felina/patologiaRESUMO
This report describes 2 events of degenerative myelopathy in 4- to 27-day-old piglets, with mortality rates reaching 40%. Sows were fed rations containing low levels of pantothenic acid. Piglets presented with severe depression, weakness, ataxia, and paresis, which were more pronounced in the pelvic limbs. No significant gross lesions were observed. Histologically, there were degeneration and necrosis of neurons in the spinal cord, primarily in the thoracic nucleus in the thoracic and lumbar segments, and motor neurons in nucleus IX of the ventral horn in the cervical and lumbar intumescence. Minimal-to-moderate axonal and myelin degeneration was observed in the dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord and in the dorsal and ventral nerve roots. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated depletion of acetylcholine neurotransmitters in motor neurons and accumulation of neurofilaments in the perikaryon of neurons in the thoracic nucleus and motor neurons. Ultrastructurally, the thoracic nucleus neurons and motor neurons showed dissolution of Nissl granulation. The topographical distribution of the lesions indicates damage to the second-order neurons of the spinocerebellar tract, first-order axon cuneocerebellar tract, and dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway as the cause of the conscious and unconscious proprioceptive deficit, and damage to the alpha motor neuron as the cause of the motor deficit. Clinical signs reversed and no new cases occurred after pantothenic acid levels were corrected in the ration, and piglets received parenteral administration of pantothenic acid. This study highlights the important and practical use of detailed neuropathological analysis to refine differential diagnosis.
Assuntos
Doenças da Medula Espinal , Doenças dos Suínos , Animais , Suínos , Feminino , Ácido Pantotênico/metabolismo , Medula Espinal/patologia , Neurônios/patologia , Bulbo/patologia , Doenças da Medula Espinal/veterinária , Doenças da Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Doenças da Medula Espinal/patologia , Doenças dos Suínos/patologiaRESUMO
Clinical History: A 5-year-old, Holstein-Friesian dairy cow was evaluated by a veterinary practitioner for a 30-day history of unilateral exophthalmos (Fig. 1). After 15 days, the cow presented lameness followed by progressive weight loss and pelvic limbs paresis, culminating in persistent sternal recumbency (Fig. 2). The superficial inguinal lymph nodes were enlarged. Due to the poor prognosis, the cow was euthanized and submitted to a postmortem examination. Gross Findings: The cow was in poor body condition with mild amounts of subcutaneous and visceral fat stores. The oral and conjunctival mucous membranes were pale. There was severe exophthalmos in the right eye, caused by a soft, homogenous, white to yellow mass (6 cm in diameter) (Fig. 3) in the retrobulbar space. Similar irregular masses were seen in the left renal pelvis, partially effacing the renal parenchyma, and in the epidural space, circumferentially surrounding the pachymeninges (extradural location) (Fig. 4) of the lumbar segment of the spinal cord. The superficial inguinal lymph nodes (supramammary) were markedly enlarged and, on the cut surface, had homogenous white to yellow discoloration and loss of the corticomedullary junction. Multifocal areas of the abomasum wall were moderately thickened and expanded by a soft, homogenous, white to yellow masses. No significant alterations were observed in other organs. Follow-up questions: Morphologic diagnosis? Etiological agent? Name of the condition? Probable pathogenesis pathways?
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Leucose Enzoótica Bovina/diagnóstico , Bovinos/virologia , Vírus da Leucemia Bovina/patogenicidadeRESUMO
Intracranial tumors occurring in specific brain regions, such as the cerebellopontine angle, may be associated with cranial nerve dysfunction and dysphagia in humans and animals. Although dysphagia is a known risk factor for pneumonia, only postoperative pneumonia has been investigated in veterinary medicine. This study aimed to describe the clinical and pathological features of dogs with untreated intracranial meningiomas and concomitant pneumonia. Data from post-mortem examination registries from 2011 to 2021 were used (n=23). The frequency of pneumonia and other characteristics were compared between dogs with meningiomas in the ventral rhombencephalon region (VR group; n=13) and those with meningiomas in other intracranial sites (OIS group; n=10). The frequency of pneumonia was higher in the VR group than in the OIS group (n=5 vs. n=0; P=0.039). Plaque-like lesions were also more common in the VR group than in the OIS group (P=0.012). Dogs with concomitant pneumonia had cerebellopontine angle (n=3) and basilar meningiomas (n=2), mainly plaque-like lesions extending to or from other brain areas. In dogs with concomitant pneumonia, meningiomas had invasive (n=5) and compressive (n=3) growth behaviors and nerve roots involved in the swallowing process were frequently affected. Microscopically, these meningiomas were classified as atypical (n=4) and meningiomas (n=1). The reported clinical signs included anorexia (n=3), adipsia (n=1), and dysphagia (n=1). Our findings suggest untreated dogs with ventral rhombencephalon meningiomas may develop cranial nerve damage and aspiration pneumonia.
Tumores intracranianos que ocorrem em regiões específicas do cérebro, como o ângulo ponto-cerebelar, podem estar associados à disfunção de nervos cranianos e disfagia em humanos e animais. Embora a disfagia seja um conhecido fator de risco para pneumonia, apenas a pneumonia pós-operatória tem sido investigada na medicina veterinária. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever as características clínicas e patológicas de cães com meningiomas intracranianos não tratados e pneumonia concomitante. Foram utilizados dados de registros de necropsias de 2011 a 2021. A frequência de pneumonia e outras características foram comparadas entre cães com meningiomas na região do rombencéfalo ventral (grupo VR; n=13) e aqueles com meningiomas em outros sítios intracranianos (grupo OIS; n=10). A frequência de pneumonia foi maior no grupo VR do que no grupo OIS (n=5 vs. n=0; P=0,039). Lesões tipo placa também foram mais comuns no grupo VR do que no grupo OIS (P=0,012). Cães com pneumonia concomitante apresentaram meningiomas no ângulo ponto-cerebelar (n=3) e região basilar (n=2), predominantemente lesões em forma de placa que se estendem de ou para outras áreas do cérebro. Em cães com pneumonia concomitante, os meningiomas apresentaram comportamentos de crescimento invasivo (n=5) e compressivo (n=3) e as raízes nervosas envolvidas no processo de deglutição foram frequentemente afetadas. Microscopicamente, esses meningiomas foram classificados como atípicos (n=4) e papilar (n=1). Os sinais clínicos relatados incluíram anorexia (n=3), adipsia (n=1) e disfagia (n=1). Nossos achados sugerem que cães com meningiomas no rombencéfalo ventral, não tratados, podem desenvolver lesão em nervos cranianos e pneumonia aspirativa.
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Pneumonia/diagnóstico , Pneumonia/patologia , Pneumonia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão , Meningioma/patologia , Meningioma/veterinária , Meningioma/epidemiologia , Rombencéfalo , Transtornos de Deglutição/veterináriaRESUMO
Eosinophilic myocarditis is a human condition that has been rarely documented in animals. We now report two unrelated porcine cases of idiopathic eosinophilic granulomatous myocarditis that resembled the human disease and which were associated with sudden death. The most relevant gross finding in both cases was marked cardiomegaly, accompanied by raised, multifocal to coalescent small white nodules (1-2 mm) and poorly demarcated multifocal pale areas in the epicardium. Histologically, there were multifocal to coalescent areas of cardiomyocyte loss with replacement by an intense inflammatory infiltrate of eosinophils and epithelioid macrophages, and proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. Immunohistochemistry for porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Toxoplasma gondii, in-situ hybridization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction tests for PCV2 and porcine circovirus type 3 and aerobic bacterial culture on myocardium samples were negative.
Assuntos
Infecções por Circoviridae , Circovirus , Miocardite , Doenças dos Suínos , Animais , Infecções por Circoviridae/veterinária , DNA Viral/análise , Humanos , Hibridização In Situ/veterinária , Miocardite/complicações , Miocardite/veterinária , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/patologiaRESUMO
In collaboration with the American College of Veterinary Pathologists.
Assuntos
Patologia Veterinária , Médicos Veterinários , Animais , Humanos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Visna-maedi is a multisystemic and progressive inflammatory disease caused by a non-oncogenic retrovirus (Visna-maedi virus, VMV). An outbreak of visna-maedi occurred in Southern Brazil in sheep with clinical signs of blindness and stumbling gait. At post-mortem examination, all animals had similar lesions, including heavy non-collapsed lungs and multifocal yellow areas in the cerebral white matter, affecting mainly the periventricular region. These lesions corresponded histologically to lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia and histiocytic periventricular encephalitis surrounding areas of necrosis, in addition to significant demyelination in the brain. Serology was performed in all the sheep from the flock and 14% were seropositive for VMV. The presence of VMV was confirmed through PCR and partial sequencing of the 5'LTR. Sequencing demonstrated that the virus had 89.7 to 90.0% of nucleotide identity with VMV strains reported in the USA. This is the first description of clinical disease related to VMV in Brazil leading to economic losses. This study calls for the need to implement control measures to prevent the spread of small ruminant lentiviruses in Brazil.
Assuntos
Pneumonia Intersticial Progressiva dos Ovinos , Vírus Visna-Maedi , Visna , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Pneumonia Intersticial Progressiva dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Intersticial Progressiva dos Ovinos/prevenção & controle , Ovinos , Visna/epidemiologia , Vírus Visna-Maedi/genéticaRESUMO
A 7-year-old mixed-breed neutered male cat was presented with a history of chronic vomiting with increased frequency in the last month, progressing to depression and profuse projectile vomiting. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed an area of marked segmental duodenal thickening associated with a nodule, and euthanasia was performed due to a poor prognosis. Grossly, at the postmortem examination, the wall of a duodenal segment was severely expanded by a nodule measuring 5.0 cm in diameter, resulting in marked luminal narrowing and obstruction. Smears were made by scraping the cut surface of the tumor during the postmortem examination. The smears were highly cellular and contained mesenchymal cells arranged individually or in large non-cohesive aggregates. Cells varied in morphology from spindle to round to stellate-shaped with marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis. Numerous bi- and multinucleated neoplastic cells were observed. Histologic examination revealed a densely cellular neoplastic proliferation of mesenchymal cells that effaced the duodenal submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa layers. Most cells were spindle-shaped; however, some tumor areas had numerous round cells and bi- and multinucleated neoplastic cells. Spindle cells showed variable cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for vimentin, smooth muscle actin, and desmin. Round, bi-, and multinucleated giant cells only had marked multifocal cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for vimentin. Neoplastic cells did not have immunoreactivity for cytokeratin, GFAP, S100, and CD117. A final diagnosis of duodenal leiomyosarcoma was made. This article reports the pathologic, cytologic, and immunohistochemical findings of this case and discusses the main differential diagnoses in cases of intestinal sarcomas in domestic animals.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato , Leiomiossarcoma , Sarcoma , Gatos , Masculino , Animais , Leiomiossarcoma/diagnóstico , Leiomiossarcoma/veterinária , Leiomiossarcoma/patologia , Vimentina , Sarcoma/patologia , Sarcoma/veterinária , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Vômito/veterinária , Doenças do Gato/diagnósticoRESUMO
The subfamily Parvovirinae within the family Parvoviridae consists of viruses that can infect a wide range of vertebrate hosts and cause effects ranging from severe disease to asymptomatic infection. In the present study, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) was utilized to analyze samples obtained from an abortion outbreak in a sheep flock to identify a putative viral etiology. A highly divergent nearly complete parvovirid genome sequence, approximately 4.9 kb in length, was determined. The nonstructural protein (NS1) amino acid (aa) sequence of this virus shared less than 30% identity with those of other copiparvoviruses and less than 22% identity with those of members of other genera in the subfamily Parvovirinae. Phylogenetically, this virus, which we have provisionally named "sheep copiparvovirus 1", formed a cluster with copiparvovirus sequences and should be classified as a member of a new species in the genus Copiparvovirus.
Assuntos
Infecções por Parvoviridae/veterinária , Parvovirinae/genética , Doenças dos Ovinos/virologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Brasil/epidemiologia , DNA Viral/genética , Feminino , Genoma Viral/genética , Masculino , Infecções por Parvoviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Parvoviridae/virologia , Parvovirinae/classificação , Filogenia , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Proteínas Virais/genéticaRESUMO
The increase in the commercialization of sheep products requires an equivalent improvement in flock health and rapid disease identification. Data regarding the cause of death in sheep were reviewed from the database of the "Setor de Patologia Veterinária" from the "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul", from January 2004 and December 2019. Epidemiological features, such as breed, sex, and age, in addition to the clinical and pathological features, were analyzed. During this period, tissues from 523 sheep were evaluated, in which a conclusive diagnosis was obtained in 457 (87%) of the cases. The majority of sheep were from the metropolitan mesoregion of Porto Alegre. The most common breed was Texel 171/523 (33%). From all the conclusive diagnoses, 158/457 (35%) corresponded to infectious non-parasitic diseases, 117/457 (26%) were caused by toxic etiology, 95/457 (21%) were infectious parasitic diseases, 42/457 (9%) were included in the nutritional and metabolic category, 38/457 (8%) were in the "others" category, and 7/457 (1.5%) were congenital defects. The age of sheep included in this study ranged from 1 day to 7 years. Among cases with conclusive diagnosis, the main cause of death was haemonchosis with 83/457 (18%) of cases, followed by pneumonia 29/457 (6%), Baccharis sp. poisoning 25/457 (5%), and bluetongue 22/457 (5%).(AU)
O aumento da comercialização de produtos ovinos requer um aumento equivalente na sanidade do rebanho e uma rápida identificação de doenças. Os dados sobre as causas de morte em ovinos foram revisados no banco de dados do Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, entre janeiro de 2004 e dezembro de 2019. Aspectos epidemiológicos, como raça, sexo e idade, além das características clínicas e patológicas, foram compilados. Nesse período, foram avaliados tecidos de 523 ovinos, em que o diagnóstico conclusivo foi obtido em 457 (87%) dos casos. A grande maioria dos ovinos era da mesorregião metropolitana de Porto Alegre. A raça mais comum foi Texel 171/523 (33%). De todos os diagnósticos conclusivos, 158/457 (35%) corresponderam a doenças infecciosas não-parasitárias, 117/457 (26%) foram causadas por doenças tóxicas, 95/457 (21%) doenças infecciosas parasitárias, 42/457 (9%) foram incluídos na categoria nutricional e metabólica, 38/457 (8%) foram classificadas na categoria "outros", e 7/457 (1,5%) eram defeitos congênitos. A faixa etária das ovelhas incluídas neste estudo foi de um dia a sete anos de idade. Entre os casos com diagnóstico conclusivo, a principal causa de óbito foi hemoncose com 83/457 (18%) dos casos, seguida de pneumonia 29/457 (6%), intoxicação por Baccharis sp. 25/457 (5%), e infecção pelo vírus da língua azul 22/457 (5%).(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Patologia Veterinária , Anormalidades Congênitas , Ovinos , DoençaRESUMO
ABSTRACT: The increase in the commercialization of sheep products requires an equivalent improvement in flock health and rapid disease identification. Data regarding the cause of death in sheep were reviewed from the database of the Setor de Patologia Veterinária from the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, from January 2004 and December 2019. Epidemiological features, such as breed, sex, and age, in addition to the clinical and pathological features, were analyzed. During this period, tissues from 523 sheep were evaluated, in which a conclusive diagnosis was obtained in 457 (87%) of the cases. The majority of sheep were from the metropolitan mesoregion of Porto Alegre. The most common breed was Texel 171/523 (33%). From all the conclusive diagnoses, 158/457 (35%) corresponded to infectious non-parasitic diseases, 117/457 (26%) were caused by toxic etiology, 95/457 (21%) were infectious parasitic diseases, 42/457 (9%) were included in the nutritional and metabolic category, 38/457 (8%) were in the others category, and 7/457 (1.5%) were congenital defects. The age of sheep included in this study ranged from 1 day to 7 years. Among cases with conclusive diagnosis, the main cause of death was haemonchosis with 83/457 (18%) of cases, followed by pneumonia 29/457 (6%), Baccharis sp. poisoning 25/457 (5%), and bluetongue 22/457 (5%).
RESUMO: O aumento da comercialização de produtos ovinos requer um aumento equivalente na sanidade do rebanho e uma rápida identificação de doenças. Os dados sobre as causas de morte em ovinos foram revisados no banco de dados do Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, entre janeiro de 2004 e dezembro de 2019. Aspectos epidemiológicos, como raça, sexo e idade, além das características clínicas e patológicas, foram compilados. Nesse período, foram avaliados tecidos de 523 ovinos, em que o diagnóstico conclusivo foi obtido em 457 (87%) dos casos. A grande maioria dos ovinos era da mesorregião metropolitana de Porto Alegre. A raça mais comum foi Texel 171/523 (33%). De todos os diagnósticos conclusivos, 158/457 (35%) corresponderam a doenças infecciosas não-parasitárias, 117/457 (26%) foram causadas por doenças tóxicas, 95/457 (21%) doenças infecciosas parasitárias, 42/457 (9%) foram incluídos na categoria nutricional e metabólica, 38/457 (8%) foram classificadas na categoria outros, e 7/457 (1,5%) eram defeitos congênitos. A faixa etária das ovelhas incluídas neste estudo foi de um dia a sete anos de idade. Entre os casos com diagnóstico conclusivo, a principal causa de óbito foi hemoncose com 83/457 (18%) dos casos, seguida de pneumonia 29/457 (6%), intoxicação por Baccharis sp. 25/457 (5%), e infecção pelo vírus da língua azul 22/457 (5%).
RESUMO
The increase in the commercialization of sheep products requires an equivalent improvement in flock health and rapid disease identification. Data regarding the cause of death in sheep were reviewed from the database of the "Setor de Patologia Veterinária" from the "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul", from January 2004 and December 2019. Epidemiological features, such as breed, sex, and age, in addition to the clinical and pathological features, were analyzed. During this period, tissues from 523 sheep were evaluated, in which a conclusive diagnosis was obtained in 457 (87%) of the cases. The majority of sheep were from the metropolitan mesoregion of Porto Alegre. The most common breed was Texel 171/523 (33%). From all the conclusive diagnoses, 158/457 (35%) corresponded to infectious non-parasitic diseases, 117/457 (26%) were caused by toxic etiology, 95/457 (21%) were infectious parasitic diseases, 42/457 (9%) were included in the nutritional and metabolic category, 38/457 (8%) were in the "others" category, and 7/457 (1.5%) were congenital defects. The age of sheep included in this study ranged from 1 day to 7 years. Among cases with conclusive diagnosis, the main cause of death was haemonchosis with 83/457 (18%) of cases, followed by pneumonia 29/457 (6%), Baccharis sp. poisoning 25/457 (5%), and bluetongue 22/457 (5%).(AU)
O aumento da comercialização de produtos ovinos requer um aumento equivalente na sanidade do rebanho e uma rápida identificação de doenças. Os dados sobre as causas de morte em ovinos foram revisados no banco de dados do Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, entre janeiro de 2004 e dezembro de 2019. Aspectos epidemiológicos, como raça, sexo e idade, além das características clínicas e patológicas, foram compilados. Nesse período, foram avaliados tecidos de 523 ovinos, em que o diagnóstico conclusivo foi obtido em 457 (87%) dos casos. A grande maioria dos ovinos era da mesorregião metropolitana de Porto Alegre. A raça mais comum foi Texel 171/523 (33%). De todos os diagnósticos conclusivos, 158/457 (35%) corresponderam a doenças infecciosas não-parasitárias, 117/457 (26%) foram causadas por doenças tóxicas, 95/457 (21%) doenças infecciosas parasitárias, 42/457 (9%) foram incluídos na categoria nutricional e metabólica, 38/457 (8%) foram classificadas na categoria "outros", e 7/457 (1,5%) eram defeitos congênitos. A faixa etária das ovelhas incluídas neste estudo foi de um dia a sete anos de idade. Entre os casos com diagnóstico conclusivo, a principal causa de óbito foi hemoncose com 83/457 (18%) dos casos, seguida de pneumonia 29/457 (6%), intoxicação por Baccharis sp. 25/457 (5%), e infecção pelo vírus da língua azul 22/457 (5%).(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Patologia Veterinária , Anormalidades Congênitas , Ovinos , DoençaRESUMO
Pantoea agglomerans, family Enterobacteriaceae, is a Gram-negative bacterium that may be isolated from soil and from plants. This bacterium has been associated with disease in plants, humans, and rarely in domestic animal species. We describe here a case of fibrinonecrotic placentitis and equine abortion associated with P. agglomerans infection in southern Brazil. A fetus with 10 months of gestation and its placenta were evaluated. Gross lesions were observed in the cervical star extending to the body of the chorioallantois and consisted of a focally extensive, transmural, severely thickened yellow area. Histologically, this area in the chorioallantois was effaced by severe necrosis, associated with marked inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils and abundant deposition of fibrin and cellular debris. Aggregates of bacterial rods were noted intermixed with inflammation areas. No significant lesions were observed in the remaining organs inspected. Tissue samples of the lung, placenta, and stomach contents were cultured, and microbiological tests revealed the growth of P. agglomerans in all evaluated samples. The present study reaffirms the participation of P. agglomerans as a cause of bacterial placentitis and abortion in horses.
Assuntos
Corioamnionite , Doenças dos Cavalos , Pantoea , Doenças Placentárias , Animais , Brasil , Corioamnionite/veterinária , Feminino , Cavalos , Placenta , Doenças Placentárias/veterinária , GravidezRESUMO
A retrospective study compiling cases of feline lymphoma diagnosed during 12 years (2004-2016) in Southern Brazil was performed. A total of 125 cases of lymphoma diagnosed in cats were reviewed, and information including age, breed, sex and tumour topography were collected. FeLV and FIV immunohistochemical tests were performed, as well as immunophenotyping of lymphomas. The alimentary form represented the most common presentation (42/125), followed by mediastinal lymphoma (35/125). Out of 125 cases, 79 presented positive retroviral immunostaining in tumour tissue (52 FeLV alone, 14 FIV alone and 13 presented FIV and FeLV co-infections), 66/125 of the cases were of T-cell origin and 59/125 of the cases were of B-cell origin. The median age of cats with T-cell lymphoma was 120 months (10-240 months), and 60 months (6-204 months) for cats with B-cell lymphoma. The most frequent alimentary tumour presentation was the enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (type 1), and the major type of mediastinal tumour observed was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Considering only mediastinal and alimentary lymphomas (n = 77), the prevalence of mediastinal lymphoma in FeLV-positive cats was 2.21 times higher than the prevalence of this type of tumour in FeLV-negative cats (P = .036). Mediastinal lymphoma was more frequently observed in younger cats, and the prevalence of mediastinal tumours in these animals was 3.06 times higher than the prevalence of this tumour form in old cats (P = .0125). The present study indicates that retroviral infections still play an important role in the development of feline lymphomas in southern Brazil.
Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/patologia , Linfoma/veterinária , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doenças do Gato/epidemiologia , Gatos , Feminino , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Linfoma/epidemiologia , Linfoma/patologia , Masculino , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
A 9-year-old mixed breed 13 kg spayed female dog was presented for evaluation of two masses in the right abdominal mammary gland region. Surgery was conducted to excise the masses. A grade I complex mammary gland carcinoma and high grade (grade III) mast cell tumor with an inguinal lymph node metastasis were diagnosed. Forty-seven days after the surgical procedure, the mast cell tumor relapsed, and neoadjuvant treatment with lomustine (81 mg/m2 ) was prescribed. Thirteen days from initiation of lomustine therapy, the dog was re-presented to the hospital with bloody diarrhea, hematemesis, epistaxis, an elevated rectal temperature, depression, severe dehydration, and marked dyspnea. The CBC showed severe thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. According to the owner, lomustine (45mg per os [PO]) was mistakenly administered daily for 10 consecutive days (total dose, 810 mg/m2 ). The dog died and a necropsy was performed. The main gross lesions consisted of severe multifocal hemorrhages in multiple organs, especially in the digestive system. Histopathologic evaluation revealed disseminated hemorrhages, as well as marked bone marrow aplasia. This report describes the clinical, hematologic, gross, and histologic findings in a fatal case of lomustine overdose in a dog.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/efeitos adversos , Carcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Transtornos Hemorrágicos/veterinária , Leucopenia/veterinária , Lomustina/efeitos adversos , Trombocitopenia/veterinária , Animais , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/administração & dosagem , Medula Óssea/patologia , Doenças do Cão/sangue , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Transtornos Hemorrágicos/sangue , Transtornos Hemorrágicos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Hemorrágicos/patologia , Lomustina/administração & dosagem , Metástase Linfática , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/patologiaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the efficacy of cordycepin and pentostatin (alone or combined) against Trypanosoma cruzi, as well as the therapeutic efficiency of protocols of cordycepin and pentostatin combinations in mice experimentally infected with T. cruzi. In vitro, the cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) and pentostatin (deoxycoformycin) exerted potent trypanocidal effect against T. cruzi (Colombian strain), similarly to benznidazole, which is the reference drug. For epimastigotes, the lethal dose of cordycepin capable of killing 50% (LD50) and 20% (LD20) of the parasites was 0.072 and 0.031â¯mg/mL, respectively and for trypomastigotes was 0.047 and 0.015â¯mg/mL, respectively. The combined use of cordycepin and pentostatin resulted in a LD50 and LD20 for epimastigotes of 0.068 and 0.027â¯mg/mL, respectively, as well as 0.056 and 0.018â¯mg/mL for trypomastigotes, respectively. In vivo, the combined use of cordycepin and pentostatin did not show the expected curative effect, however it was able to control the parasitema in the peak period. In summary, the combination of cordycepin and pentostatin showed no curative effect in mice infected by T. cruzi, despite the in vitro reduction of epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
Assuntos
Antiprotozoários/farmacologia , Doença de Chagas/tratamento farmacológico , Desoxiadenosinas/farmacologia , Pentostatina/farmacologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/efeitos dos fármacos , Análise de Variância , Animais , Antiprotozoários/efeitos adversos , Antiprotozoários/uso terapêutico , Doença de Chagas/parasitologia , Desoxiadenosinas/uso terapêutico , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Dose Letal Mediana , Camundongos , Miocárdio/patologia , Doenças Negligenciadas/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Negligenciadas/parasitologia , Nifurtimox/efeitos adversos , Nifurtimox/uso terapêutico , Nitroimidazóis/efeitos adversos , Nitroimidazóis/uso terapêutico , Dinâmica não Linear , Parasitemia/prevenção & controle , Pentostatina/uso terapêutico , Distribuição Aleatória , Análise de RegressãoRESUMO
Southern right whales Eubalaena australis (SRW) use the southern coast of Brazil as a wintering and calving ground. Other than anthropogenic threats, there is limited knowledge on health and disease aspects for this species. We report the gross and microscopic findings and microbiological identification of streptococcal septicemia in a SRW calf. Main gross findings included fibrinosuppurative omphalitis and urachocystitis, suppurative cystitis, valvular endocarditis and myocarditis, embolic pneumonia, suppurative myositis and osteoarthritis, and lymphadenomegaly. Histological examination confirmed the above inflammatory processes and indicated disseminated Gram-positive coccoid septicemia. PCR analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene from bacteria isolated on blood agar, identified Streptococcus dysgalactiae. Pathologic and microbiologic analysis indicated that ß-hemolytic S. dysgalactiae septicemia, presumably initiated as ascending omphalic infection, was responsible for stranding and death in this individual. These results further confirm pathogenicity of streptococci in cetaceans and add to the limited health and disease related pathology knowledge for this species.
Assuntos
Sepse , Infecções Estreptocócicas , Animais , Brasil , RNA Ribossômico 16S , Sepse/veterinária , Infecções Estreptocócicas/veterinária , Streptococcus , BaleiasRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 3'-deoxyadenosine and deoxycoformycin combination in the treatment of mice infected by T. cruzi, as well as to verify the influence of the treatment on purinergic enzymes. Heart and serum samples were collected from 60 mice (30 infected and 30 uninfected) at day 12 post-infection. To verify treatment efficacy, parasitemia was monitored, and the treatment with 3'-deoxy adenosine and deoxycoformycin combination was able to reduce it, but had no curative effect on mice. Seric activities of NTPDase (ATP and ADP substrate) and ADA were increased significantly in untreated mice infected by T. cruzi compared to the negative control, as well as mice treated with 3'-deoxyadenosine and deoxycoformycin (alone or combined) modulated the activity of NTPDase (ATP and ADP substrate), preventing them from increasing in infected animals (activity similar to healthy animals). Treatment with deoxycoformycin alone and associated with 3'-deoxyadenosine modulated the activity of ADA preventing them from increasing in infected animals. However, seric activities of ADA in mice treated with 3'-deoxyadenosine (cordycepin) alone does not modify the ADA activity compared with infected and non-treated mice. However, the 5'-nucleotidase activity decreased significantly in infected untreated animals and the same occurred in infected and treated animals with deoxycoformycin and 3'-deoxyadenosine. However, treatment with deoxycoformycin associated with 3'-deoxyadenosine preventing them from decreasing the 5'-nucleotidase activity. Therefore, we conclude that the treatments did not have curative success for mice infected by T. cruzi. However, the treatments were able to modulate the purinergic enzymes during the infection by T. cruzi, which may contribute to reduce the inflammatory damage in heart.