RESUMO
Objective: To analyze the challenges of the perioperative nursing process in the surgicenter, identifying the facilities and difficulties in its imple-mentation. Method: Descriptive research, with a mixed approach (quantitative and qualitative) and snowball sampling, encompassing 16 nurses. Data col-lection was through an online, self-administered and semi-structured form, containing 12 questions aimed at analyzing the development of the nursing process in the surgicenter. Results: The majority of participants reported that the nursing process was implemented in the institutions where they wor-ked, half of them (n=8) found it easy to implement the nursing process, and all of them (n=16) stated that there are challenges in implementing it and cited staffing and lack of professional knowledge as difficulties. Conclusion: It was found that there is a gap in the sequencing of actions in the nursing process, and that the physical examination in the nursing consultation, the evolution in the immediate preoperative period and the reformulation of the planning of actions in the postoperative period are important practices that are not adhered to by the majority of nurses. Therefore, it is understood that they find more difficulties than facilities in implementing the nursing process. (AU)
Objetivo: Analizar los desafíos del proceso perioperatorio de enfermería en el centro quirúrgico, identificando las facilidades y dificultades en su implementación. Método: Investigación descriptiva, con enfoque mixto (cuantitativo y cualitativo) y muestreo en bola de nieve, englobando a 16 enfer-meros. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de un formulario en línea, autoadministrado y semiestructurado, que contenía 12 preguntas orienta-das a analizar el desarrollo del proceso de enfermería en el centro quirúrgico. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes informaron que el proceso de enfermería fue implementado en las instituciones donde trabajaban, a la mitad (n=8) les resultó fácil implementar el proceso de enfermería y todos (n=16) afirmaron que existen desafíos para implementarlo, y citaron la dotación de personal y la falta de conocimientos profesionales como dificulta-des. Conclusión: Se encontró que existe un vacío en la secuenciación de acciones en el proceso de enfermería, y que el examen físico en la consulta de enfermería, la evolución en el preoperatorio inmediato y la reformulación de la planificación de acciones en el postoperatorio son prácticas importan-tes que no son seguidas por la mayoría de las enfermeras. Por lo tanto, se entiende que encuentran más dificultades que facilidades para implementar el proceso de enfermería. (AU)
Objetivo: Analisar os desafios do processo de enfermagem perioperatório no centro cirúrgico, identificando as facilidades e as dificuldades em sua implementação. Método: Pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem mista (quantitativa e qualitativa) e amostragem em bola de neve, englobando 16 enfermeiros. A coleta de dados foi por meio de um formulário online, autoaplicável e semiestruturado, contendo 12 perguntas voltadas para a análise do desenvolvimento do processo de enfermagem no centro cirúrgico. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes relatou que o processo de enfermagem era implementado nas instituições em que trabalhavam, metade (n=8) encontrou facilidades na implementação do processo de enfermagem, e todos (n=16) afirmaram que existem desafios para implementá-lo e citaram como dificuldades o dimensionamento de pessoal e a falta de conhecimento profissional. Conclusão: Constatou-se que existe uma lacuna no sequenciamento das ações do processo de enfermagem, e que o exame físico na consulta de enferma-gem, a evolução no pré-operatório imediato e a reformulação do planejamento das ações no pós-operatório são práticas importantes que não são aderidas pela maioria dos enfermeiros. Logo, entende-se que eles encontram mais dificuldades do que facilidades para implementar o processo de enfermagem. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Enfermagem Perioperatória , Processo de Enfermagem , Centros CirúrgicosRESUMO
The person-to-person transmission of the hepatitis A virus primarily occurs in enclosed spaces, particularly in the presence of inadequate hygiene conditions and a high proportion of susceptible individuals. Thus, intimate family contact stands out as a risk factor for HAV infection dissemination. The present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of household HAV transmission. Blood samples were collected from patients with hepatitis A (index cases) and their family members (contacts) that were referred to an ambulatory care clinic specializing in viral hepatitis. A total of 97 samples were collected from 30 families with a confirmed hepatitis A case (index case). Serological and molecular techniques for the diagnosis of hepatitis A were conducted on all samples. HAV infection (anti-HAV IgM + and/or HAV RNA +) was detected in 34.3% (23/67) of the contacts; 34.3% (23/67) of the contacts were immune to HAV, and 31.4% (21/67) were susceptible. In the household contacts, HAV immunity was significantly associated with older age; susceptibility to infection and HAV infection were associated with younger age. Household outbreaks were detected in 16/30 families studied. Co-circulation of subgenotypes IA and IB was found in the household outbreaks, and person-to-person transmission was evidenced in six of the household outbreaks, with 100% homology between the index case and contact strains. The results demonstrated the relevance of HAV household transmission, reaffirming the need for hepatitis A vaccine administration in susceptible contacts and effective infection control procedures to prevent the extension of household outbreaks.