RESUMO
This study assessed and compared the effects of the intra-amniotic administration of various concentrations of soluble extracts from chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) on the Fe and Zn status, brush border membrane functionality, intestinal morphology, and intestinal bacterial populations, in vivo. The hypothesis was that chia seed soluble extracts will affect the intestinal morphology, functionality and intestinal bacterial populations. By using the Gallus gallus model and the intra-amniotic administration approach, seven treatment groups (non-injected, 18 Ω H2O, 40â¯mg/mL inulin, non-injected, 5 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL and 50 mg/mL of chia seed soluble extracts) were utilized. At hatch, the cecum, duodenum, liver, pectoral muscle and blood samples were collected for assessment of the relative abundance of the gut microï¬ora, relative expression of Fe- and Zn-related genes and brush border membrane functionality and morphology, relative expression of lipids-related genes, glycogen, and hemoglobin levels, respectively. This study demonstrated that the intra-amniotic administration of chia seed soluble extracts increased (p < 0.05) the villus surface area, villus length, villus width and the number of goblet cells. Further, we observed an increase (p < 0.05) in zinc transporter 1 (ZnT1) and duodenal cytochrome b (Dcytb) proteins gene expression. Our results suggest that the dietary consumption of chia seeds may improve intestinal health and functionality and may indirectly improve iron and zinc intestinal absorption.
Assuntos
Galinhas , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Salvia/química , Sementes/química , Animais , Embrião de Galinha , Fibras na Dieta/análise , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Hemoglobinas , Injeções , Ferro/sangue , Ferro/química , Fígado/química , Óvulo , Ácido Fítico , Extratos Vegetais/química , Zinco/sangue , Zinco/químicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Pediatric primary care providers (PCPs) work in challenging environments and are increasingly called to implement complex interventions, such as behavioral health (BH) service integration. We explore how perceived stressful practice climates (1) change over time in and (2) influence provider perceptions of collaborative care versus usual care, 2 models of integrated BH care. METHODS: Secondary exploratory analysis using hierarchical linear modeling was performed on an 18-month cluster-randomized trial of 8 pediatric primary care practices to Doctor-Office Collaborative Care (DOCC), where an on-site care manager delivered BH services in coordination with PCPs, or Enhanced Usual Care (EUC), where a care manager facilitated referrals to local BH providers. Various indicators of PCP perceptions of BH services, including satisfaction with practice, burdens and beliefs regarding psychosocial problems, and effectiveness in treating behavioral problems, were assessed as outcomes. Moderators were 2 domains of stressful climates, role conflict and role overload. RESULTS: Role conflict and role overload stayed stable in both conditions. Role conflict strengthened the positive effect of DOCC on PCP perceived effectiveness in treating behavioral problems (ß [SE], 0.04 [0.02]; p = 0.04) and improvement in managing oppositional/aggressive behavior (0.02 [0.01]; p = 0.02). Role overload strengthened the positive effect of DOCC on PCP-perceived improvement in managing attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (0.03 [0.01]; p = 0.01). Stressful climates did not influence perceptions for EUC providers. CONCLUSIONS: Providers experiencing more stressful practice climates developed more positive perceptions of collaborative care. This may encourage stressed providers to make effective practice changes and promote practice integration of BH services.
Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Serviços de Saúde da Criança , Prestação Integrada de Cuidados de Saúde , Serviços de Saúde Mental , Estresse Ocupacional , Cultura Organizacional , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Adulto , Criança , Serviços de Saúde da Criança/organização & administração , Prestação Integrada de Cuidados de Saúde/organização & administração , Humanos , Serviços de Saúde Mental/organização & administração , Atenção Primária à Saúde/organização & administraçãoRESUMO
Exploration of genetic resources for micronutrient concentrations facilitates the breeding of nutrient-dense crops, which is increasingly seen as an additional, sustainable strategy to combat global micronutrient deficiency. In this work, we evaluated genotypic variation in grain nutrient concentrations of 20 Brazil wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions in response to zinc (Zn) and Zn plus selenium (Se) treatment. Zn and Se concentrations in grains exhibited 2- and 1.5-fold difference, respectively, between these wheat accessions. A variation of up to 3-fold enhancement of grain Zn concentration was observed when additionally Zn was supplied, indicating a wide range capacity of the wheat lines in accumulating Zn in grains. Moreover, grain Zn concentration was further enhanced in some lines following supply of Zn plus Se, showing stimulative effect by Se and the feasibility of simultaneous biofortification of Zn and Se in grains of some wheat lines. In addition, Se supply with Zn improved the accumulation of another important micronutrient, iron (Fe), in grains of half of these wheat lines, suggesting a beneficial role of simultaneous biofortification of Zn with Se. The significant diversity in these wheat accessions offers genetic potential for developing cultivars with better ability to accumulate important micronutrients in grains.