RESUMO

This work presents the enrichment of powdered dairy compounds with soy extract, and the determination of its physical properties, rehydration characteristics, multielement profile, and polyphenolic potential. Five dairy compound formulations were developed, where milk powder was replaced by 10, 20, 30, 40, and 49 % w/w of soy extract.. Multivariate analyzes using combined PCA analyzes were used to group the samples and, thus, reveal the main characteristics associated with their physicochemical properties, bioactive composition, and multi-element profile. The protein content in the samples was not significantly affected by the addition of soy extract. There was a gradual increase in the total fat as the concentration of soy extract increased. Furthermore, with the increase in the percentage of soy extract in the dairy compounds, there was an increase in the levels of total polyphenols, total flavonols, and antioxidant capacity, and of some minerals, such as Fe, Mn, P, Cu, and Mg. The DC49 sample showed the highest values for total polyphenols (178.65 mg of gallic acid (GAE)/100 g) and total flavonols (1.51 mg of catechin/100 g). The addition of soy extract promoted the enrichment of important minerals in the samples, with an increase of up to 55 times in the Fe content and up to 40 times in the Mn content. Physical properties (density and fluidity) and rehydration properties (wetting, dispersibility, and solubility) also were affected as the percentage of soy extract in the samples increased. When there was an addition of up to 20 % soy extract, the samples are still wettable. All dairy compounds showed solubility above 69 %. The use of soy extract in the polyphenolic and mineral enrichment of the dairy compounds is important to add nutritional value to powdered milk, we emphasize that this product has enormous potential to be used in diets that require mineral supplementation.

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RESUMO

Brazil is a large country with high biodiversity in its different regions. However, species of native fruits widely reported in the southern Brazil have not been properly explored so far, remaining underutilized by the food industry. This study evaluated the polyphenolic profile, as well as the composition of organic acids and sugars of the pulps of the feijoa, and the uvaia from southern brazilian highlands. The uvaia pulp showed the highest total polyphenol content and the highest antioxidant capacity by the methods used. The polyphenol (+)-catechin (6.54 mg 100g-1) was the major phenolic compound in uvaia pulp, which has not yet been reported in the literature for fruits of other regions. In addition, the feijoa pulp stood out for the presence of (-)-epicatechin (18.29 mg 100g-1). The pulps of native fruits in this study only quantified values for citric and malic acids. Malic acid (553.00 mg 100g-1) was the main acid in the uvaia pulp, and citric acid (455.60 mg 100g-1) was the main acid in the feijoa pulp. It is possible to note that the feijoa pulp showed the highest total sugar content (11.14 g 100g-1) and was the only pulp that contained sucrose. The uvaia pulp, conversely, showed fructose (3.10 g 100g-1) as the main sugar. The results obtained in this study contributed to the valuation and conservation of the species investigated, representing a promising alternative for the use of these native fruits in the development of new products.

O Brasil é um grande país e com elevada biodiversidade em suas diferentes regiões. Entretanto, espécies de frutas nativas amplamente encontradas no sul do Brasil ainda não foram devidamente exploradas, permanecendo desconhecidas e subutilizadas pela indústria de alimentos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil fenólico, bem como a composição de ácidos orgânicos e de açúcares de polpas de feijoa (Acca sellowiana) e de uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis) provenientes do planalto sul brasileiro. A polpa de uvaia apresentou o maior teor de polifenóis totais e a maior capacidade antioxidante pelos métodos utilizados. A (+)-catequina (6.54 mg 100g-1) foi o principal composto fenólico da polpa da uvaia, o que ainda não foi relatado na literatura para frutas de outras regiões. Além disso, a polpa da feijoa se destacou pela presença de (-)-epicatequina (18.29 mg 100g-1). Dentre os ácidos orgânicos avaliados, as polpas de frutas nativas apresentaram valores para os ácidos cítrico e málico, sendo o ácido málico (553.00 mg 100g-1) o principal na polpa de uvaia, e o cítrico (455.60 mg 100g-1) na polpa de feijoa. Em relação aos açúcares, a polpa da feijoa apresentou o maior teor de açúcar total (11.14 g 100g-1) e foi a única polpa que continha sacarose. Já a polpa da uvaia apresentou a frutose (3.10 g 100g-1) como principal açúcar. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo contribuem para a valorização e conservação das espécies investigadas, representando uma alternativa promissora para a utilização dessas frutas nativas no desenvolvimento de novos produtos.

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RESUMO

Grape and grape derivatives contain a variety of antioxidants that have gain increasing interest for functional foods applications. The chemical composition of grapes is mainly related to grape variety and cultivation factors, and each grape constituent exhib its unique characteristics regarding its bioactive properties. This study investigated the chemical composition and the effect of drying on the bioactive content of the non-pomace constituent obtained in the processing of organic and conventional grape juices from V. labrusca L. The non-pomace samples were analyzed for polyphenols, monosaccharides, antioxidant activity and elemental composition and the effect of drying on the bioactive composition was evaluated in samples subjected to lyophilization and drying with air circulation. The analyses revealed high concentrations of proanthocyanidins, flavanols and anthocyanins, and high antioxidant capacity of the organic and conventional samples. The drying processes reduced significantly (P < 0.05) the total phenolic content that ranged from 13.23 to 36.36 g/kg. Glucose, xylose, and mannose were the predominant monosaccharides, whereas K, Ca and Mg were the most abundant minerals. Variations in the chemical composition of organic and conventional samples were associated with cultivation factors. Nevertheless, this non-pomace constituent is a promising source of nutrients and polyphenols with bioactive potential.

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