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It has been the aim of this study to molecular-taxonomically identify 15 Beauveria isolates collected from different geographical regions and insect hosts in Argentina and to investigate the levels of inter- and intra-specific diversity across this set of isolates. Based on phylogenetic analyses of EF1A-RPB1-RPB2 concatenated genes and BLOC markers, all Beauveria strains were identify as Beauveria bassiana. Within the B. bassiana clades of both phylogenies, isolates from Argentina were not clustered according to geographic origin or host. The 15 fungal isolates were further analyzed by PCR amplification of the intron insertion hot spot region of the nuclear 28S rRNA encoding sequence. By intron sequence and position, seven different group-I intron combinations termed variants A, B1, B2, C, D, E and F were found in the 15 isolates under study. Variants B1/B2 consisting of a single 28Si2 intron were found in ten isolates, whereas variant A occurred twice and variants C through F were unique across the set of isolates under study. The determination of the different introns and intron combinations in the 28S rRNA gene is a powerful tool for achieving infraspecific differentiation of B. bassiana isolates from Argentina.
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Beauveria , Variação Genética , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 28S , Beauveria/genética , Beauveria/classificação , Beauveria/isolamento & purificação , Argentina , RNA Ribossômico 28S/genética , Animais , DNA Fúngico/genética , Insetos/microbiologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Íntrons , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Análise por ConglomeradosRESUMO
Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional en los funcionarios del Departamento de Enfermería del Área de Salud de Parrita de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social durante el año 2023. Metodología: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo trasversal. Se aplicó el instrumento denominado Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) validado al español a 40 trabajadores de la salud. Se calculó la prevalencia del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional y se analizaron sus tres dimensiones: cansancio emocional, despersonalización y realización personal. También se realizó correlación estadística entre la presencia de indicios del síndrome y las variables incluidas en el estudio. Resultados: la prevalencia de funcionarios con indicios del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional identificada fue 47,5%. El 42,5% de los funcionarios presentaron afectación en dimensión de realización personal, 7,5% en la despersonalización y 5,0% en cansancio emocional. No se identificó relación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables incluidas en el estudio y la presencia de indicios de este síndrome. Conclusión: existe una prevalencia elevada de indicios del síndrome de desgaste ocupacional en el personal del Departamento de Enfermería del Área de Salud de Parrita, evidenciado principalmente en la dimensión de la realización personal.
Objective: To identify the prevalence of occupational burnout syndrome in employees of the Nursing Department of the Parrita Health Area of ââthe Costa Rican Social Security Fund during 2023. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out. The instrument called Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) validated in Spanish was applied to 40 health workers. The prevalence of occupational burnout syndrome was calculated, and its three dimensions were analyzed: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. A statistical correlation was also carried out between the signs of the syndrome and the variables included in the study. Results: The prevalence of employees with signs of occupational burnout syndrome identified was 47.5%. Forty-two-point-five percent of the employees were affected in personal achievement, 7.5% in depersonalization and 5.0% in emotional exhaustion. No statistically significant relationship was identified between the variables included in the study and the presence of signs of this syndrome. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of signs of occupational burnout syndrome in the staff of the Nursing Department of the Parrita Health Area, evidenced mainly in the dimension of personal accomplishment.
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Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related multisystem disorder characterized by altered trophoblast invasion, oxidative stress, exacerbation of systemic inflammatory response, and endothelial damage. The pathogenesis includes hypertension and mild-to-severe microangiopathy in the kidney, liver, placenta, and brain. The main mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis have been proposed to limit trophoblast invasion and increase the release of extracellular vesicles from the syncytiotrophoblast into the maternal circulation, exacerbating the systemic inflammatory response. The placenta expresses glycans as part of its development and maternal immune tolerance during gestation. The expression profile of glycans at the maternal-fetal interface may play a fundamental role in physiological pregnancy changes and disorders such as preeclampsia. It is unclear whether glycans and their lectin-like receptors are involved in the mechanisms of maternal-fetal recognition by immune cells during pregnancy homeostasis. The expression profile of glycans appears to be altered in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which could lead to alterations in the placental microenvironment and vascular endothelium in pregnancy conditions such as preeclampsia. Glycans with immunomodulatory properties at the maternal-fetal interface are altered in early-onset severe preeclampsia, implying that innate immune system components, such as NK cells, exacerbate the systemic inflammatory response observed in preeclampsia. In this article, we discuss the evidence for the role of glycans in gestational physiology and the perspective of glycobiology on the pathophysiology of hypertensive disorders in gestation.
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Placenta , Pré-Eclâmpsia , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Placenta/metabolismo , Pré-Eclâmpsia/metabolismo , Polissacarídeos , Células Matadoras Naturais/patologia , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/complicações , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/metabolismoRESUMO
Resumen OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de afecciones susceptibles de ser tratadas mediante un procedimiento intrauterino en una unidad de Medicina Materno Fetal de un hospital de tercer nivel del Occidente de México, en un periodo de nueve años. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal y descriptivo, con revisión de los reportes de ultrasonidos obstétricos practicados en la Unidad de Medicina Materno Fetal del Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca del 2013 al 2021, con selección de los casos de pacientes con diagnóstico de alguna afectación susceptible de ser intervenida de manera intrauterina. RESULTADOS: Durante el periodo de estudio se practicaron y registraron 103,721 ultrasonidos obstétricos, de éstos se integraron al estudio aquí publicado 257 pacientes con diagnóstico de alguna afectación susceptible de ser intervenida in útero. La prevalencia de afectaciones con posibilidad de ser intervenidas por vía intrauterina fue del 0.47% de la totalidad de pacientes valoradas. La media de edad de las pacientes fue de 24.6 años; 162 (63%) multigestas y 95 (37%) primigestas. Embarazos únicos 193 (75%) y 64 (25%) múltiples. Las semanas promedio de gestación al diagnóstico de la afectación fueron 25.6. CONCLUSIONES: En este ensayo se estimó una prevalencia de 0.47 padecimientos que pueden ser intervenidos in útero, dejando de lado muchas otros en los que los estudios no han demostrado beneficio de una cirugía fetal, ni los beneficios superan los riesgos, si se practica la cirugía de manera prenatal o posnatal.
Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of conditions amenable to treatment by an intrauterine procedure in a Maternal-Fetal Medicine unit of a tertiary hospital in western Mexico over a nine-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional and descriptive study, with review of obstetric ultrasound reports performed in the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit of the Civil Hospital of Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca from 2013 to 2021, with selection of cases of patients diagnosed with any condition susceptible to intrauterine intervention. RESULTS: During the study period 103,721 obstetric ultrasounds were performed and recorded, of which 257 patients were included in the study published here with a diagnosis of a condition that could be treated in utero. The prevalence of conditions that could be treated in utero was 0.47% of all patients assessed. The mean age of the patients was 24.6 years; 162 (63%) were multigestational and 95 (37%) primigravid. Singleton pregnancies 193 (75%) and 64 (25%) multiple pregnancies. Mean weeks of gestation at diagnosis of involvement was 25.6. CONCLUSIONS: This trial estimated a prevalence of 0.47% of conditions that can be intervened in utero, leaving aside many others where studies have not demonstrated benefit of fetal surgery, nor do the benefits outweigh the risks, whether surgery is performed prenatally or postnatally.
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Abstract Objective This study aims to describe the behavior of chromosomopathy screenings in euploid fetuses. Methods This is a prospective descriptive study with 566 patients at 11 to 14 weeks of gestation. The associations between ultrasound scans and serological variables were studied. For the quantitative variables we used the Spearman test; for the qualitative with quantitative variables the of Mann-Whitney U-test; and for qualitative variables, the X2 test was applied. Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results We have found that gestational age has correlation with ductus venosus, nuchal translucency, free fraction of β subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and placental growth factor; there is also a correlation between history of miscarriages and nasal bone. Furthermore, we correlated body mass index with nuchal translucency, free fraction of β subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. Maternal age was associated with free fraction of β subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. Conclusion Our study demonstrates for the first time the behavior of the biochemical and ultrasonographic markers of chromosomopathy screenings during the first trimester in euploid fetuses in Colombia. Our information is consistent with international reference values. Moreover, we have shown the correlation of different variables with maternal characteristics to determine the variables that could help with development of a screening process during the first trimester with high detection rates.
Resumo Objetivo Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever o comportamento do rastreamento de cromossomopatias em fetos euploides. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo descritivo com 566 pacientes, entre 11 e 14 semanas de gestação. A associação entre a ultrassonografia e as variáveis sorológicas foi estudada. Para as variáveis quantitativas foi utilizado o teste de Spearman; para as qualitativas com variáveis quantitativas foi utilizado o teste U de Mann-Whitney e para as variáveis qualitativas foi aplicado o teste X2. A significância foi fixada em p ≤ 0,05. Resultados Constatou-se que a idade gestacional tem correlação com o ducto venoso, translucência nucal, fração livre da subunidade β da gonadotrofina coriônica humana, proteína plasmática A associada à gravidez e fator de crescimento placentário; há também correlação entre a história de abortos e o osso nasal. Além disso, correlacionamos o índice de massa corporal com translucência nucal, fração livre da subunidade β da gonadotrofina coriônica humana e proteína plasmática A associada à gravidez. A idade materna foi relacionada com fração livre da subunidade β da gonadotrofina coriônica humana e proteína plasmática A associada à gravidez. Conclusão Nosso estudo demonstra pela primeira vez o comportamento dos marcadores bioquímicos e ultrassonográficos de triagem de cromossomas durante o primeiro trimestre em fetos euploides na Colômbia. Nossa informação é consistente com a referência de valores internacionais. Além disso, mostram-se as relações das diferentes variáveis com as características maternas para determinar as variáveis capazes de ajudar no desenvolvimento de um processo de rastreamento durante o primeiro trimestre com alta taxa de detecção.
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Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Marcadores Genéticos , Programas de Rastreamento , Aberrações CromossômicasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the behavior of chromosomopathy screenings in euploid fetuses. METHODS: This is a prospective descriptive study with 566 patients at 11 to 14 weeks of gestation. The associations between ultrasound scans and serological variables were studied. For the quantitative variables we used the Spearman test; for the qualitative with quantitative variables the of Mann-Whitney U-test; and for qualitative variables, the X2 test was applied. Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: We have found that gestational age has correlation with ductus venosus, nuchal translucency, free fraction of ß subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and placental growth factor; there is also a correlation between history of miscarriages and nasal bone. Furthermore, we correlated body mass index with nuchal translucency, free fraction of ß subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. Maternal age was associated with free fraction of ß subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates for the first time the behavior of the biochemical and ultrasonographic markers of chromosomopathy screenings during the first trimester in euploid fetuses in Colombia. Our information is consistent with international reference values. Moreover, we have shown the correlation of different variables with maternal characteristics to determine the variables that could help with development of a screening process during the first trimester with high detection rates.
OBJETIVO: Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever o comportamento do rastreamento de cromossomopatias em fetos euploides. MéTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo descritivo com 566 pacientes, entre 11 e 14 semanas de gestação. A associação entre a ultrassonografia e as variáveis sorológicas foi estudada. Para as variáveis quantitativas foi utilizado o teste de Spearman; para as qualitativas com variáveis quantitativas foi utilizado o teste U de Mann-Whitney e para as variáveis qualitativas foi aplicado o teste X2. A significância foi fixada em p ≤ 0,05. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se que a idade gestacional tem correlação com o ducto venoso, translucência nucal, fração livre da subunidade ß da gonadotrofina coriônica humana, proteína plasmática A associada à gravidez e fator de crescimento placentário; há também correlação entre a história de abortos e o osso nasal. Além disso, correlacionamos o índice de massa corporal com translucência nucal, fração livre da subunidade ß da gonadotrofina coriônica humana e proteína plasmática A associada à gravidez. A idade materna foi relacionada com fração livre da subunidade ß da gonadotrofina coriônica humana e proteína plasmática A associada à gravidez. CONCLUSãO: Nosso estudo demonstra pela primeira vez o comportamento dos marcadores bioquímicos e ultrassonográficos de triagem de cromossomas durante o primeiro trimestre em fetos euploides na Colômbia. Nossa informação é consistente com a referência de valores internacionais. Além disso, mostram-se as relações das diferentes variáveis com as características maternas para determinar as variáveis capazes de ajudar no desenvolvimento de um processo de rastreamento durante o primeiro trimestre com alta taxa de detecção.
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Transtornos Cromossômicos , Síndrome de Down , Biomarcadores , Gonadotropina Coriônica , Gonadotropina Coriônica Humana Subunidade beta , Síndrome de Down/diagnóstico , Feminino , Feto/metabolismo , Marcadores Genéticos , Humanos , Idade Materna , Medição da Translucência Nucal , Fator de Crescimento Placentário , Gravidez , Primeiro Trimestre da Gravidez , Proteína Plasmática A Associada à Gravidez/metabolismo , Diagnóstico Pré-NatalRESUMO
Introducción: El reconocimiento temprano de los sujetos con malaria que pueden desarrollar complicaciones es fundamental para orientar el tratamiento. Se requiere un instrumento de predicción basado en características clínicas para predecir las complicaciones. Objetivo: Desarrollar y validar una herramienta de predicción clínica y paraclínica para predecir malaria complicada. Métodos: Se reclutaron de manera secuencial sujetos con diagnóstico de malaria complicada según criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Las características clínicas que se asociaron a malaria complicada fueron identificadas e incorporadas en un modelo de predicción logístico binario en una cohorte inicial de derivación y posteriormente validadas en una cohorte diferente de sujetos con la infección. Resultados: Se analizaron 584 sujetos en la cohorte de derivación y 898 en la cohorte de validación. La incidencia de malaria complicada fue de 21,2 por ciento y 10,9 por ciento, respectivamente. Las variables asociadas con malaria complicada fueron la disnea, fiebre por más de 72 horas, hemoglobina < 13 mg/dL, bilirrubina total > 6 mg/dL, nitrógeno ureico > 20 mg/dL, y Plasmodium vivax. El área bajo la curva de características operativas del receptor para el puntaje construido con estas variables en la cohorte de derivación fue de 0,70 y en la cohorte de validación fue de 0,69. Conclusión: Un puntaje pronóstico en pacientes con malaria que evalúe la presencia de disnea, fiebre persistente, nivel de hemoglobina, bilirrubina total, nitrógeno ureico e infección por P. vivax puede ser útil para clasificar de manera oportuna y objetiva a los sujetos que pueden desarrollar complicaciones(AU)
Introduction: Early identification of subjects with malaria who may develop complications is critical to guide treatment. A predictive tool based on the clinical characteristics of the disease is required to predict complications. Objective: To develop and validate a clinical and paraclinical tool to predict complicated malaria. Methods: Subjects with a diagnosis of complicated malaria according to the World Health Organization criteria were sequentially recruited. Clinical characteristics associated with complicated malaria were identified and incorporated into a binary logistic prediction model in an initial derivation cohort and, subsequently, validated in a different cohort of subjects with the infection. Results: 584 subjects were analyzed in the derivation cohort and 898 in the validation cohort. The incidence of complicated malaria was 21.2 percent and 10.9 percent, respectively. Variables associated with complicated malaria were dyspnea, fever for more than 72 hours, hemoglobin < 13 mg/dL, total bilirubin > 6 mg/dL, urea nitrogen > 20 mg/dL and Plasmodium vivax. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for the score constructed with these variables in the derivation cohort was 0.70 and in the validation cohort, it was 0.69. Conclusion: A prognostic score that evaluates the presence of dyspnea, persistent fever, hemoglobin level, total bilirubin, urea nitrogen and P. vivax infection in patients with malaria may be useful to classify in a timely and objective manner subjects who may develop complications(AU)
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Humanos , Estudos de CoortesRESUMO
Neonicotinoids are pesticides that act as agonists of nicotinic receptors for acetylcholine in insects' central nervous system (CNS). Chronic exposure to neonicotinoids in humans is related to autism, memory loss, and finger tremor. In this article, we evaluate the effect of subchronic oral administration of two neonicotinoids in the same mixture: clothianidin and thiacloprid. Decreasing doses of both pesticides were administered to rats starting from the lethal dose 50 (LD50) reported by the manufacturer. Our results indicate that the administration of three doses of decreasing amounts of LD50 (5/10, 4/10, and 3/10 LD50) resulted in 100% death in all cases. Ten administration times of 2/10 LD50 of the mixture caused only 20% of death cases after twenty-seven days, which was determined as a subchronic administration scheme. The animals administered 2/10 LD50 showed behavioral alterations after the first and second administration. Electrographic studies showed abnormal discharge patterns in the CNS. 72 h after the tenth dose, learning and memory tests were performed in the Morris water maze. Our results revealed significant decreases in permanence at the quadrant and the number of crosses (P=0.0447, P=0.0193, respectively), which represent alterations in the short-term memory test, but there were no significant changes in a long-term memory test. Likewise, the brains of these animals showed tissue architecture loss, nucleosomal retraction, and a significant increase in the pycnosis of the granular neurons of the dentate gyrus analyzed at 72 h after the last dose (P=0.0125). Toxic effects and cognitive deterioration that have been found in communities living near contaminated areas are probably related to the agricultural use of neonicotinoids.
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Asparagaceae's large embryo sacs display a central cell nucleus polarized toward the chalaza, which means the sperm nucleus that fuses with it during double fertilization migrates an atypical long distance before karyogamy. Because of the size and inverted polarity of the central cell in Asparagaceae, we hypothesize that the second fertilization process is supported by an F-actin machinery different from the short-range F-actin structures observed in Arabidopsis and other plant models. Here, we analyzed the F-actin dynamics of Agave inaequidens, a classical Asparagaceae, before, during, and after the central cell fertilization. Several parallel F-actin cables, spanning from the central cell nucleus to the micropylar pole, and enclosing the vacuole, were observed. As fertilization progressed, a thick F-actin mega-cable traversing the vacuole appeared, connecting the central cell nucleus with the micropylar pole near the egg cell. This mega-cable wrapped the sperm nucleus in transit to fuse with the central cell nucleus. Once karyogamy finished, and the endosperm started to develop, the mega-cable disassembled, but new F-actin structures formed. These observations suggest that Asparagaceae, and probably other plant species with similar embryo sacs, evolved an F-actin machinery specifically adapted to support the migration of the fertilizing sperm nucleus within a large-sized and polarity-inverted central cell.
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Intertidal seagrasses are subjected to desiccation and direct solar radiation during low tides. It is assumed that the canopy structure can self-protect the underlying shoots during these events, although there is no evidence on a physiological basis. The physiological responses of the surfgrass Phyllospadix torreyi were examined when emerged during low tide, on i) shoots overlaying the canopy, and ii) shoots sheltered within the canopy. Leaf water potential and water content decreased in external leaves after emersion, and the higher concentration of organic osmolytes reflected osmoregulation. Additionally, these shoots also exhibited a drastic reduction in carbohydrates after re-immersion, likely from cellular damage. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity increments were also detected, while photosynthetic efficiency strongly diminished from direct exposure to solar radiation. Conversely, the sheltered shoots did not dehydrate and solely accumulated some oxidative stress, likely resulting from the warming of the canopy. In conclusion, the leaf canopy structure buffers physiological stress in the sheltered shoots, thus acting as a self-protective mechanism to cope with emersion.
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Zosteraceae , Fotossíntese , Folhas de Planta , Estresse Fisiológico , ÁguaRESUMO
This is a case report of women with pregnancy morbidity (PM), some of them associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), in which the glycan patterns of immunoglobulin G (IgG) were investigated based on the theory of alteration of glycosylation in autoimmunity. We used lectin blot to determine changes in terminal glycosylation of polyclonal IgG from women with antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies and PM plus vascular thrombosis (PM/VT) and seronegative-obstetric APS (SN-OAPS). In addition, we analyzed IgG from women with PM without aPL (PM/aPL-) and healthy women, as controls. Even though the SN-OAPS and PM/VT groups share the PM, only the SN-OAPS group showed a decreased expression of galactose compared to the healthy group. We also found the presence of mannosylated oligosaccharides in IgG from all patients being significantly higher in IgG from women of the PM/aPL- group. The differences in glycans presented here could relate to pathological mechanisms of PM associated with APS.
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During plant sexual reproduction, F-actin takes part in the elongation of the pollen tube and the movement of sperm cells along with it. Moreover, F-actin is involved in the transport of sperm cells throughout the embryo sac when double fertilization occurs. Different techniques for analysis of F-actin in plant cells have been developed: from classical actin-immunolocalization in fixed tissues to genetically tagged actin with fluorescent proteins for live imaging of cells. Despite the implementation of live cell imaging tools, fixed plant tissue methods for cytoskeletal studies remain an essential tool for genetically intractable systems. Also, most of the work on live imaging of the cytoskeleton has been conducted on cells located on the plant's surface, such as epidermal cells, trichomes, and root hairs. In cells situated in the plant's interior, especially those from plant species with thicker organ systems, it is necessary to utilize conventional sectioning and permeabilization methods to allow the label access to the cytoskeleton. Studies about the role of F-actin cytoskeleton during double fertilization in plants with crassinucellate ovules (e.g., Agave, Yucca, Polianthes, Prochnyantes, and Manfreda) remain scarce due to the difficulties to access the female gametophyte. Here, we have developed a straightforward method for analysis of F-actin in the female gametophyte of different Agavoideae sub-family species. The procedure includes the fixation of whole ovules with formaldehyde, followed by membrane permeabilization with cold acetone, a prolonged staining step with rhodamine-phalloidin, and Hoechst 33342 as a counterstain and two final steps of dehydration of samples in increasing-concentration series of cold isopropanol and clarification of tissues with methyl salicylate. This technique allows the analysis of a large number of samples in a short period, cell positioning relative to neighbor cells is maintained, and, with the help of a confocal microscope, reconstruction of a single 3D image of F-actin structures into the embryo sac can be obtained.
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We are becoming increasingly aware of the dazzling diversity of fungi-new taxa are being discovered from poorly sampled habitats and integrative approaches point at (near-)cryptic species in many groups. The class Laboulbeniomycetes, which is composed of three orders (Herpomycetales, Laboulbeniales, Pyxidiophorales), is no exception. However, still, in the orders Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales, species are predominantly described based on morphology alone. Here, we present a new species of Herpomyces from Argentina parasitic on Periplaneta fuliginosa, the smokybrown cockroach. Herpomyces spegazzinii, sp. nov., is characterized based on morphology and molecular data. Phylogenetic inference based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS, consisting of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) barcode region supports the status of this fungus as a separate species, sister to the recently described H. shelfordellae.
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Ascomicetos/classificação , Ascomicetos/genética , Periplaneta/microbiologia , Animais , Argentina , Ascomicetos/isolamento & purificação , DNA Intergênico/genética , Ectoparasitoses , Feminino , Masculino , FilogeniaAssuntos
Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal , Adulto , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Orgasmo , Gravidez , Adulto JovemRESUMO
En los últimos años, se ha reportado en la literatura científica un declive en la calidad seminal. La significancia biológica de ese evento podría estar relacionada con la reducción en la fertilidad masculina o con el aumento del riesgo de enfermedades en la descendencia. La occidentalización en el estilo de vida, caracterizado por el aumento del peso corporal, el sedentarismo, el uso de cigarrillo, la ingesta de alimentos ricos en grasas y sodio y la reducción en la ingesta de alimentos fuente de fibras y antioxidantes, pudieran estar implicados en esos resultados. A su vez, cambios en el estilo de vida, que conduzcan a una reducción de peso corporal, de la ingesta de grasa y sodio, a un mejor estado antioxidante y a un aumento de la ingesta de fibra, se han asociado a mejores parámetros seminales. Por lo tanto, la alimentación basada en plantas o vegetariana, podría ser una estrategia válida para mejorar el estado nutricional y la salud masculina.
In recent years, a decline in seminal quality has been reported in the scientific literature. The biological significance of this event could be related to the reduction in male fertility or the increased risk of diseases in the offspring. Westernization in lifestyle, characterized by increased body weight, sedentary lifestyle, cigarette use, intake of foods high in fat and sodium and reduced intake of food sources of fiber and antioxidants, may be involved in these changes. Modifications in lifestyle, which lead to a reduction in body weight, fat and sodium intake, a better antioxidant status and an increase in fiber intake, have been associated with better seminal parameters. Therefore, plant-based or vegetarian food could be a valid strategy to improve nutritional status and male health.
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Humanos , Masculino , Dieta , Análise do Sêmen , Comportamento Alimentar , Ácidos Fíbricos , Fertilidade , Vegetarianos , Alimentos , Estado Nutricional , Risco , Ingestão de Alimentos , Saúde do Homem , Comportamento Sedentário , Produtos do Tabaco , Estilo de Vida , AntioxidantesRESUMO
La sangre de cordón es una alternativa no invasiva que ha sido empleada para el tamizaje de sífilis congénita. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron evaluar la validez del uso de sangre de cordón como muestra para tamizaje de casos presuntivos de sífilis congénita, determinar la prevalencia de sífilis materna, estudiar la tasa de casos presuntivos de sífilis congénita y establecer el porcentaje de madres no estudiadas para sífilis en el periparto. Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo y observacional entre junio de 2017 y mayo de 2018. Se relevaron datos de serología de sangre de cordón y sangre de la madre. Se utilizó Unheated Serum Reagin como prueba de tamizaje y FTA-Abs y/o quimioluminiscencia como confirmatorias. Se excluyeron los binomios madre-hijo sin estudio de sangre de cordón. Binomios madre-hijo estudiados: 2.487. Sensibilidad y especificidad: 82,29% IC 95% (73,17- 89,33) y 99,96% IC 95% (99,76-100,00), respectivamente. Prevalencia de sífilis materna: 4,04%. Tasa de caso presuntivo de sífilis congénita: 26/1.000 RNV. Madres sin registros de serología para sífilis en el periparto: 70 (2,86%). La sangre de cordón no sería una muestra válida para el tamizaje debido a la baja sensibilidad encontrada, aunque en muchos casos es la única oportunidad de evaluar el binomio madre-hijo.
Cord blood is a non-invasive alternative which has been used for screening of congenital syphilis. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the validity of the use of cord blood as a sample for the screening of a probable congenital syphilis case, to study the prevalence of maternal syphilis, to analyse the rate of probable congenital syphilis case and to determine the percentage of non-studied mothers for syphilis in the peripartum. A retrospective and observational analysis was conducted between June 2017 and May 2018. Cord blood and maternal blood serology results were taken from the Laboratory Information System. Unheated Serum Reagin was used as a screening test and FTA-Abs and/or quimioluminiscense as confirmatory studies. Infant-mother binomies without cord blood studies were excluded. Infant-mother binomies studied: 2487. Sensibility and specificity 82.29% [95% CI: 73.17 to 89.33] and 99.96% [95% CI: 99.76 to 100.00], respectively. MSP prevalence: 4.04%. Probable congenital syphilis case rate: 26/1000 NB. Non-studied mothers for syphilis in the peripartum: 70 (2.86%). Cord blood would not be a valid sample for screening due to the low sensibility found, although in many cases it is the only opportunity to evaluate the infant-mother binomies.
O sangue do cordão é uma alternativa não invasiva que tem sido usada para triagem da sífilis congênita. Os objetivos do trabalho foram avaliar a validade do uso do sangue do cordão como amostra para o rastreio de um caso presumível de sífilis congénita, determinar a prevalência da sífilis materna, estudar a taxa de caso presumível de sífilis congénita e estabelecer a percentagem de mães em que não se analisa a sífilis no periparto. Foi realizada entre junho de 2017 e maio de 2018 uma análise retrospectiva e observacional, onde foram colectados os dados do Sistema de Computação Laboratorial de sorologia sangue do cordão e sangue da mãe. Foi utilizado um Unheated Serum Reagin como teste de triagem e FTA-Abs e/ou quimiluminescência como confirmatórias. Os binomios mãe-filho foram excluídos sem o estudo do sangue do cordão. Binomios mãe-filho estudado: 2.487. Sensibilidade e especificidade: 82,29% IC 95% (73,17-89,33) y 99,96% IC 95% (99,76-100,00), respectivamente. Prevalência de SFM: 4,04%. Taxa CPSC: 26/1.000 RNV. Mães sem registros sorológicos para sífilis no periparto: 70 (2,86%). O sangue do cordão não seria uma amostra válida para triagem devido à baixa sensibilidade encontrada, no entanto em muitos casos é a única oportunidade do avaliar o binomios mãe-filho.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Sífilis Congênita/diagnóstico , Sífilis Congênita/sangue , Sangue Fetal , Sífilis Congênita/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudo ObservacionalRESUMO
El estilo de vida saludable incluye una alimentación saludable, un peso adecuado y en casos de exceso de peso, su pérdida. Estos son nuevos factores asociados a la fertilidad. Se presenta el caso de un voluntario fértil aparentemente sano que se sometió a un régimen de pérdida de peso. Con el propósito de evaluar el efecto de la pérdida de peso sobre la calidad seminal se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de los parámetros seminales convencionales y funcionales según los lineamentos establecidos en el Manual de análisis seminal de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Los parámetros seminales evaluados fueron: volumen seminal, concentración espermática, concentración espermática total, movilidad, viabilidad, potencial de membrana mitocondrial e índice de fragmentación del ADN. La reducción del índice de masa corporal (19 por ciento) incrementó los parámetros espermáticos: volumen seminal (400 por ciento), concentración espermática (96 por ciento), concentración espermática total (220 por ciento), viabilidad (38 por ciento), movilidad (122 por ciento), potencial de membrana mitocondrial (40 por ciento) y además disminuyó el índice de fragmentación del ADN en un 71 por ciento. A partir de estas observaciones se infiere que la obesidad está inversamente relacionada con la calidad seminal. Los resultados obtenidos en este caso nos inducen a recomendar que los hombres con sobrepeso y obesidad deben perder peso con el fin de mejorar su calidad seminal(AU)
Healthy lifestyle includes healthy diet, adequate weight and in cases of excess weight, its loss. These are new factors associated with fertility. We present the case of an apparently healthy fertile volunteer who underwent a weight loss regimen. In order to evaluate the effect of weight loss on seminal quality, a retrospective analysis of the conventional and functional seminal parameters was carried out according to the guidelines established in the Manual of Seminal Analysis of the World Health Organization. Semen parameters evaluated were seminal volume, sperm concentration, total sperm concentration, mobility, viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA fragmentation index. The reduction of the body mass index (19 percent) increased the sperm parameters: seminal volume (400 percent), sperm concentration (96 percent), total sperm concentration (220 percent), viability (38 %), mobility (122 percent), mitochondrial membrane potential (40 percent) and decreased the DNA fragmentation rate by 71 percent. From these observations, it is inferred that obesity is inversely related to seminal quality. The results obtained in this case lead us to recommend overweight and obese men should lose weight in order to improve their seminal quality(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estilo de Vida Saudável/ética , Análise do Sêmen/métodosRESUMO
The aim of this study was to search for entomopathogenic fungi that infect wild cockroaches in forest ecosystems in two protected natural areas of Argentina. Two isolates of Metarhizium argentinense were obtained and identified from wild cockroaches (Blaberidae: Epilamprinae) through the use of morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses. This novel species was found in Argentina and is a member of the Metarhizium flavoviride species complex. Phylogenetic analyses, based on sequence similarity analysis using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and a set of four protein-coding marker sequences (EF1A, RPB1, RPB2 and BTUB), supported the status of this fungus as a new species. In addition, we tested the biological activity of the new species through assays against Blattella germanica nymphs and found that the two evaluated isolates were pathogenic. However, isolate CEP424 was more virulent and caused a confirmed mortality of 76 % with a median lethal time of 7.2 d. This study reports the southernmost worldwide location of a Metarhizium species that infects cockroaches and will help expand the knowledge of the biodiversity of pathogenic fungi of Argentine cockroaches.
Assuntos
Baratas/microbiologia , Metarhizium/classificação , Metarhizium/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Argentina , DNA Fúngico/química , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/química , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Florestas , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Metarhizium/genética , Metarhizium/patogenicidade , Técnicas Microbiológicas , FilogeniaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), TfR1, and TfR1-attached terminal monosaccharides in placentas of women with IDAP and severe preeclampsia. METHODS: TfR1 and HIF-1α were detected by western blot. Immunoadsorption of TfR1 was performed to characterize the terminal monosaccharides by specific lectin binding. RESULTS: There was no difference in the expression of TfR1 and HIF-1α between groups. Lectin blot analysis pointed out an overexpression of galactose ß1-4 N-acetylglucosamine (Gal-GlcNAc) and mannose in severe preeclampsia. CONCLUSION: The increase in Gal-GlcNAc may be due to the increased presence of antennary structures and the mannose glycans of TfR1 may indicate the presence of misfolded or incomplete proteins. These findings may be associated with the low expression of placental TfR1 in women with preeclampsia.
Assuntos
Acetilglucosamina/genética , Acetilglucosamina/metabolismo , Anemia Ferropriva/genética , Anemia Ferropriva/metabolismo , Antígenos CD/genética , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/genética , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Placenta/metabolismo , Pré-Eclâmpsia/genética , Pré-Eclâmpsia/metabolismo , Complicações Hematológicas na Gravidez/genética , Complicações Hematológicas na Gravidez/metabolismo , Receptores da Transferrina/genética , Receptores da Transferrina/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Glicosilação , Humanos , Manose/genética , Manose/metabolismo , Monossacarídeos/genética , Monossacarídeos/metabolismo , Gravidez , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Calcium is a secondary messenger that regulates and coordinates the cellular responses to environmental cues. Despite calcium being a key player during fertilization in plants, little is known about its role during the development of the endosperm. For this reason, the distribution, abundance, and dynamics of cytosolic calcium during the first stages of endosperm development of Agave tequilana and Agave salmiana were analyzed. Cytosolic calcium and actin filaments detected in the embryo sacs of Agave tequilana and A. salmiana revealed that they play an important role during the division and nuclear migration of the endosperm. After fertilization, a relatively high concentration of cytosolic calcium was located in the primary nucleus of the endosperm, as well as around migrating nuclei during the development of the endosperm. Cytosolic calcium participates actively during the first mitosis of the endosperm mother cell and interacts with the actin filaments that generate the motor forces during the migration of the nuclei through the large cytoplasm of the central cell.