RESUMO
Cinnamic alcohol (CA) is a phenylpropanoid found in the essential oil of the bark of the genus Cinnamomum spp. Schaeff. (Lauraceae Juss.), known as cinnamon. To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of CA and its possible mechanism of action on mice submitted to the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced epileptic seizures model. Behavioral, neurochemical, histomorphometric and immunohistochemistry analysis were carried out. The administration of CA (50-200 mg/kg, i.p., 30 min prior to PTZ and 0.7-25 mg/kg, i.p., 60 min prior to PTZ) increased the latency to seizure onset and the latency to death. The effects observed with CA treatment at 60 min were partially reversed by pretreatment with flumazenil. Furthermore, neurochemical assays indicated that CA reduced the concentration of malondialdehyde and nitrite, while increasing the concentration of reduced glutathione. Finally, histomorphometric and immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a reduction in inflammation and an increase in neuronal preservation in the hippocampi of CA pre-treated mice. Taken together, the results suggest that CA seems to modulate the GABAA receptor, decrease oxidative stress, mitigate neuroinflammation, and reduce cell death processes.
Assuntos
Cinnamomum , Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Óleos Voláteis , Animais , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/isolamento & purificação , Camundongos , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Óleos Voláteis/uso terapêutico , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Masculino , Cinnamomum/química , Pentilenotetrazol , Convulsões/tratamento farmacológico , Convulsões/induzido quimicamente , Convulsões/metabolismo , Convulsões/prevenção & controle , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Propanóis/farmacologiaRESUMO
Tetrahydrolinalool (THL) is an acyclic monoterpene alcohol, produced during linalol metabolism and also a constituent of essential oils. As described in the literature, many monoterpenes present anticonvulsant properties, and thus we became interested in evaluating the anticonvulsant activity of Tetrahydrolinalool using in mice model as well as in silico approaches. Our results demonstrated that THL increased latency to seizure onset and also reduced the mortality, in picrotoxin induced seizure tests. The results may be related to GABAergic regulation, which was also suggested in seizure testing induced by 3-mercapto-propionic acid. In the strychnine-induced seizure testing, none of the groups pretreated with THL modulated the parameters indicative of anticonvulsant effect. The electrophysiological results revealed that THL treatment reduces seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole. The in silico molecular docking studies showed that the interaction between THL and a GABAA receptor model formed a stable complex, in comparison to the crystaligraphic structure of diazepam, a structurally related ligand. In conclusion, all the evidences showed that THL presents effective anticonvulsant activity related to the GABAergic pathway, being a candidate for treatment of epileptic syndromes.
Assuntos
Monoterpenos Acíclicos , Anticonvulsivantes , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Monoterpenos , Pentilenotetrazol , Convulsões , Anticonvulsivantes/farmacologia , Anticonvulsivantes/química , Anticonvulsivantes/síntese química , Animais , Camundongos , Convulsões/tratamento farmacológico , Monoterpenos/farmacologia , Monoterpenos/química , Monoterpenos/síntese química , Monoterpenos Acíclicos/farmacologia , Monoterpenos Acíclicos/química , Monoterpenos Acíclicos/síntese química , Masculino , Receptores de GABA-A/metabolismo , Receptores de GABA-A/química , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Picrotoxina/farmacologiaRESUMO
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, the first being Alzheimer's disease. Patients with PD have a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia, which controls voluntary movements, causing a motor impairment as a result of dopaminergic signaling impairment. Studies have shown that mutations in several genes, such as SNCA, PARK2, PINK1, DJ-1, ATP13A2, and LRRK2, and the exposure to neurotoxic agents can potentially increase the chances of PD development. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) plays an important role in studying the risk factors, such as genetic factors, aging, exposure to chemicals, disease progression, and drug treatments for PD. C. elegans has a conserved neurotransmission system during evolution; it produces dopamine, through the eight dopaminergic neurons; it can be used to study the effect of neurotoxins and also has strains that express human α-synuclein. Furthermore, the human PD-related genes, LRK-1, PINK-1, PDR-1, DJR-1.1, and CATP-6, are present and functional in this model. Therefore, this review focuses on highlighting and discussing the use of C. elegans an in vivo model in PD-related studies. Here, we identified that nematodes exposed to the neurotoxins, such as 6-OHDA, MPTP, paraquat, and rotenone, had a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, dopamine deficits, and decreased survival rate. Several studies have reported that expression of human LRRK2 (G2019S) caused neurodegeneration and pink-1, pdr-1, and djr-1.1 deletion caused several effects PD-related in C. elegans, including mitochondrial dysfunctions. Of note, the deletion of catp-6 in nematodes caused behavioral dysfunction, mitochondrial damage, and reduced survival. In addition, nematodes expressing α-synuclein had neurodegeneration and dopamine-dependent deficits. Therefore, C. elegans can be considered an accurate animal model of PD that can be used to elucidate to assess the underlying mechanisms implicated in PD to find novel therapeutic targets.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Doenças Neurodegenerativas , Doença de Parkinson , Animais , Humanos , Doença de Parkinson/genética , alfa-Sinucleína/genética , Caenorhabditis elegans , Neurotoxinas , Dopamina , Adenosina Trifosfatases , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genéticaRESUMO
Objective. To describe the recruitment, retention of family caregivers, and adherence to a telephone based intervention evaluated in a multi-site trial and provide recommendations for the design of future studies. Methods.A descriptive study based on a secondary analysis of a multi-site clinical development in Colombia and Brazil. Recruitment was measured by the number of participants eligible and consented. Retention was assessed by the percentage of participants with outcomes data at two follow-ups. The intervention adherence was measured by the percentage of the caregiver who received the intervention. Results. Of the family caregivers assessed, 63% were eligible, and 32.9% declined to be in the study for time restriction or no interest. In Colombia, the total retention rate of caregivers was 63.4% at the first follow-up and 48% at the second follow-up, while in Brazil was Invest Educ Enferm. 2023; 41(2): e04Recruitment, retention, and adherence of family caregivers:Lessons from a multisite trialde 52.8% and 46.2%, respectively. At the end of the study, the sample comprised 28 and 70 caregivers in the intervention and control groups, respectively, for a retention rate of 47%. Of 104 family caregivers allocated to the intervention group, 42 (40.3%) received five sessions. Most reported not completing the Caregiver's Activity Diary. Conclusion.The recruitment of family caregivers, participant retention, and adherence to the telephone intervention was unsuccessful. Future studies should apply an assessment tool during the recruitment of family caregivers and replace the term "caregiver" with "care provider" in the material involved in the research; define a retention protocol before starting the study and involve family caregivers in the design of the interventions
Objetivo. Describir el reclutamiento, la retención y la adherencia de los cuidadores familiares en una intervención educativa telefónica evaluada en un ensayo multi-sitio y ofrecer recomendaciones para el diseño de futuros estudios. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo basado en un análisis secundario de un desarrollo clínico multicéntrico en Colombia y Brasil. El reclutamiento se midió por el número de participantes elegibles y que dieron su consentimiento. La retención se evaluó por el porcentaje de participantes con datos de resultados en dos seguimientos. La adherencia a la intervención se determinó por el porcentaje de cuidadores que recibieron la intervención. Resultados. De los cuidadores familiares evaluados, 63% fueron elegibles, y 32.9% declinaron participar en el estudio por restricción de tiempo o falta de interés. En Colombia, la tasa de retención total de cuidadores fue de 63.4% en el primer seguimiento y de 48% en el segundo, mientras que en Brasil fue de 52.8% y 46.2%, respectivamente. Al final del estudio, la muestra comprendía 28 y 70 cuidadores en los grupos de intervención y control, respectivamente, para una tasa de retención del 47%. De los 104 cuidadores familiares asignados al grupo de intervención, 42 (40,3%) recibieron cinco sesiones. La mayoría no completó el diario de actividades del cuidador.Conclusión. El reclutamiento de cuidadores familiares, la retención de participantes y la adherencia a la intervención telefónica no tuvieron éxito. Los estudios futuros deberían aplicar una herramienta de evaluación durante Invest Educ Enferm. 2023; 41(2): e04Leidy Johanna Rueda Díaz ⢠Erika de Souza GuedesDiná de Almeida Lopes Monteiro da Cruzel reclutamiento de los cuidadores familiares y sustituir el término "cuidador" por "proveedor de cuidados" en el material empleado en la investigación; definir un protocolo de retención antes de iniciar el estudio e involucrar a los cuidadores familiares en el diseño de las intervenciones
Objetivo. Descrever o recrutamento, retenção e adesão de cuidadores familiares em uma intervenção telefônica avaliada num estudo clínico multi-site e oferecer recomendações para o desenho de estudos futuros. Métodos. Estudo descritivo baseado em análise secundária de um desenvolvimento clínico multicêntrico na Colômbia e no Brasil. O recrutamento foi medido pelo número de participantes elegíveis e que deram consentimento. A retenção foi avaliada pela porcentagem de participantes com dados de resultado em dois acompanhamentos. A adesão à intervenção foi determinada pela porcentagem de cuidadores que receberam a intervenção. Resultados. Dos cuidadores familiares avaliados, 63% eram elegíveis, e 32.9% se recusaram a participar do estudo por limitação de tempo ou falta de interesse. Na Colômbia, a taxa de retenção total dos cuidadores foi de 63.4% no primeiro acompanhamento e 48% no segundo, enquanto no Brasil foi de 52.8% e 46.2%, respectivamente. Ao final do estudo, a amostra foi composta por 28 e 70 cuidadores nos grupos intervenção e controle, respectivamente, para uma taxa de retenção de 47%. Dos 104 cuidadores familiares designados para o grupo de intervenção, 42 (40.3%) receberam cinco sessões. A maioria não preencheu o diário de atividades do cuidador. Conclusão. Recrutamento de cuidadores familiares, retenção de participantes e adesão à intervenção telefônica não tiveram sucesso. Estudos futuros devem aplicar uma ferramenta de avaliação durante o recrutamento de cuidadores familiares e substituir o termo 'cuidador' por 'fornecedor de cuidados' em material de pesquisa; definir um protocolo de retenção antes de iniciar o estudo e envolver os cuidadores familiares no desenho das intervenções.Descritores: caregivers; enfermagem; doença crónica; telefone; cooperação e adesão ao tratamento.
Assuntos
Humanos , Telefone , Doença Crônica , Enfermagem , Cuidadores , Ensaio Clínico PragmáticoRESUMO
Progressive neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson Disease (PD) lack curative or long-term treatments. At the same time, the increase of the worldwide elderly population and, consequently, the extension in the prevalence of age-related diseases have promoted research interest in neurodegenerative disorders. Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living nematode widely used as an animal model in studies of human diseases. Here we evaluated cannabidiol (CBD) as a possible neuroprotective compound in PD using the C. elegans models exposed to reserpine. Our results demonstrated that CBD reversed the reserpine-induced locomotor alterations and this response was independent of the NPR-19 receptors, an orthologous receptor for central cannabinoid receptor type 1. Morphological alterations of cephalic sensilla (CEP) dopaminergic neurons indicated that CBD also protects neurons from reserpine-induced degeneration. That is, CBD attenuates the reserpine-induced increase of worms with shrunken soma and dendrites loss, increasing the number of worms with intact CEP neurons. Finally, we found that CBD also reduced ROS formation and α-syn protein accumulation in mutant worms. Our findings collectively provide new evidence that CBD acts as neuroprotector in dopaminergic neurons, reducing neurotoxicity and α-syn accumulation highlighting its potential in the treatment of PD.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Canabidiol , Doenças Neurodegenerativas , Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Doença de Parkinson , Idoso , Animais , Humanos , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , alfa-Sinucleína/metabolismo , Animais Geneticamente Modificados , Canabidiol/farmacologia , Reserpina/toxicidade , Reserpina/metabolismo , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Neurônios Dopaminérgicos/metabolismo , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/metabolismo , Doença de Parkinson/metabolismo , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismoRESUMO
Objective: To describe the recruitment, retention of family caregivers, and adherence to a telephone based intervention evaluated in a multi-site trial and provide recommendations for the design of future studies. Methods: A descriptive study based on a secondary analysis of a multi-site clinical development in Colombia and Brazil. Recruitment was measured by the number of participants eligible and consented. Retention was assessed by the percentage of participants with outcomes data at two follow-ups. The intervention adherence was measured by the percentage of the caregiver who received the intervention. Results: Of the family caregivers assessed, 63% were eligible, and 32.9% declined to be in the study for time restriction or no interest. In Colombia, the total retention rate of caregivers was 63.4% at the first follow-up and 48% at the second follow-up, while in Brazil was de 52.8% and 46.2%, respectively. At the end of the study, the sample comprised 28 and 70 caregivers in the intervention and control groups, respectively, for a retention rate of 47%. Of 104 family caregivers allocated to the intervention group, 42 (40.3%) received five sessions. Most reported not completing the Caregiver's Activity Diary. Conclusion: The recruitment of family caregivers, participant retention, and adherence to the telephone intervention was unsuccessful. Future studies should apply an assessment tool during the recruitment of family caregivers and replace the term "caregiver" with "care provider" in the material involved in the research; define a retention protocol before starting the study and involve family caregivers in the design of the interventions.
Assuntos
Cuidadores , Humanos , Brasil , Colômbia , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Ensaios Clínicos como AssuntoRESUMO
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder affecting 1-2% of world population, and one-third of patients are refractory to pharmacological treatment. This fact has stimulated research for new antiepileptic drugs and natural products have been an important source. trans-Anethole (TAN) is a phenylpropanoid, component of some essential oils, extracted from plants, and its effects have been little studied. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the TAN effect in classic seizure models and evaluate the electroencephalographic (EEG) profile of animals treated with this substance. For this, Swiss male mice (Mus musculus) were used, and the lethal dose was evaluated and subsequently submitted to the test maximal electroshock (MES), the pentylenetetrazole- (PTZ) induced seizure test, and the EEG profile. Initially, the LD50 for TAN was estimated in 1000 mg/kg (i.p.) dose and there was no sign of acute toxicity or death. In the MES test, TAN 300, i.p. (12.00 ± 2.9 s) and 400 mg/kg, i.p. (9.00 ± 4.4 s) doses was able to decrease tonic seizures duration induced by electric discharge (0.5 mA, 150 pulses/s, for 0.5 s). In the PTZ test (75 mg/kg, i.p.), TAN 400 mg/kg, i.p. increased the latency to myoclonic jerks (80.0 (56.0-134.0)), the latency totonic-clonic seizures (900.0 (861.0-900.0) and decrease seizure duration (0.0 (0.0-10.0)). No deaths were found in this groups compared to vehicle. EEG analysis showed an amplitude decrease of waves (ratio of baseline) in TAN 300 (1.82 ± 0.23) and 400 mg/kg (1.06 ± 0.16) groups. In this way, TAN at 400 mg/kg was able to inhibit and/or attenuate seizures by increasing the time for the onset of spasms and convulsions, as reducing the duration of seizures. The EEG profile corroborate with this results showing a reduction in the amplitude of waves compared to the PTZ group. Thus, TAN showed an anticonvulsant effect in all experimental models performed, behavioral and electroencephalographic.
Assuntos
Derivados de Alilbenzenos , Anisóis , Anticonvulsivantes , Convulsões , Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Derivados de Alilbenzenos/farmacologia , Anisóis/farmacologia , Anticonvulsivantes/farmacologia , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Eletrochoque , Pentilenotetrazol , Convulsões/induzido quimicamente , Convulsões/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites regulate various biological processes, such as mitochondrial dynamics, calcium homeostasis, autophagy and lipid metabolism. Notably, dysfunctions in these contact sites are closely related to neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, details about the role of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites in neurodegenerative diseases remain unknown. In Parkinson's disease, interactions between α-synuclein in the contact sites and components of tether complexes that connect organelles can lead to various dysfunctions, especially with regards to calcium homeostasis. This review will summarize the main tether complexes present in endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites, and their roles in calcium homeostasis and trafficking. We will discuss the impact of α-synuclein accumulation, its interaction with tethering complex components and the implications in Parkinson's disease pathology.
RESUMO
Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate drug interactions based on medical records of patients hospitalized in University Hospital Lauro Wanderley (UHLW) in João Pessoa-PB, Brazil. This was a quantitative, descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted in the medical clinic of the above hospital by analyzing pharmaceutical intervention in medical records. The investigated samples consisted of all medical profiles with drug interaction information of patients hospitalized from June 2016 to June 2017. Most of these drug interactions were determined and classified by Micromedex® Solutions database. This research was approved by the Ethics Committee in Institutional Human Research, protocol number 2.460.206. In total, 331 drug interactions were found in 131 medical profiles. Dipyrone, enoxaparin, sertraline, ondansetron, quetiapine, tramadol, bromopride, amitriptyline, and simvastatin were medications that showed highest interactions. According to Anatomical Therapy Classification (ATC), drugs that act on the central nervous system result in more interactions. The most prevalent interaction was between dipyrone and enoxaparin. Some limitations of this study are the lack of notifications and data on drug interactions.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pesquisa , Prontuários Médicos/classificação , Interações Medicamentosas , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Pacientes Internados/classificação , Universidades , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Dipirona/efeitos adversos , Enoxaparina/provisão & distribuição , Sinvastatina/provisão & distribuição , Sertralina/provisão & distribuição , Fumarato de Quetiapina/provisão & distribuição , Amitriptilina/provisão & distribuição , Hospitais Universitários/organização & administraçãoRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: A Insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é uma síndrome clínica debilitante e progressiva caracterizada por hospitalizações frequentes e um regime terapêutico complexo, com desfechos ruins que podem ser limitados com autocuidado adequado. O presente estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver uma intervenção educativa para o autocuidado na IC e avaliar a aceitabilidade, a viabilidade e potencial de efeito da intervenção desenvolvida no conhecimento e autocuidado na IC, na frequência de uso não planejado dos serviços de saúde em pessoas com IC e hospitalização relacionada à IC. MÉTODO: A intervenção foi delineada com base no referencial metodológico de Sidani e Braden, (2011), na teoria da situação específica do autocuidado da IC e na terminologia da classificação das intervenções de enfermagem. Ensaio clínico randomizado paralelo foi realizado para avaliar a intervenção. A amostra foi constituída por 30 pacientes em tratamento ambulatorial por IC. Os participantes foram aleatorizados para o grupo intervenção (GI) n=15, que recebeu a intervenção junto com o tratamento usual, e, para o grupo controle (GC) n=15, que recebeu o tratamento usual. O grupo que recebeu a intervenção compôs a amostra para a avaliação da aceitabilidade e da viabilidade da intervenção, realizada por abordagem qualitativa. RESULTADOS: Foi desenvolvido o Programa de Ensino do Autocuidado na IC (PEAC-IC) destinado a pessoas com IC em acompanhamento ambulatorial, realizado em uma sessão presencial (face a face) e cinco sessões semanais por telefone, com foco na promoção do autocuidado. O PEAC-IC apresentou resultados satisfatórios de viabilidade: taxa de recrutamento de 62,5%; taxa de retenção 90% e taxa de atrito de 11%, com boa aceitabilidade. No geral a adesão ao programa foi de 71,7%. A intervenção mostrou bons resultados preliminares de eficácia, com os seguintes tamanhos de efeitos (f-Cohen): autocuidado de manutenção (f=0,55); autocuidado de gerenciamento (f=1,01) e na confiança no autocuidado (f=0,42). O efeito sobre o conhecimento na IC foi pequeno (f=0,02). Durante o período de acompanhamento do PEAC-IC, a busca por atendimento médico de urgência foi mais frequente no GC(21,4%), por descompensação clínica da IC, em comparação ao GI (15,4%) por causas não relacionadas à IC. Internação hospitalar foi presente apenas no GC (n=1), por descompensação clínica da IC. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo piloto disponibiliza uma intervenção educativa para o autocuidado na IC, com evidências de viabilidade, de aceitabilidade e potencialidade de eficácia para melhorar o autocuidado na IC.
Assuntos
Autocuidado , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Insuficiência CardíacaRESUMO
RESUMO Objetivo Identificar a prevalência de documentação do Processo de Enfermagem nos hospitais e ambulatórios administrados pela Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo. Método Estudo descritivo, realizado por meio de entrevistas com enfermeiros responsáveis por 416 setores de 40 instituições sobre a documentação de quatro fases do Processo de Enfermagem (levantamento de dados, diagnóstico, prescrição e evolução) e de anotações de enfermagem. Resultados Dos 416 setores estudados, 89,9% documentavam pelo menos uma fase; 56,0% documentavam as quatro fases; 4,3% documentavam apenas anotações de enfermagem; 5,8% não documentavam nenhuma fase, nem as anotações de enfermagem. Os tipos de setores que menos documentavam foram: ambulatório, apoio diagnóstico, centro cirúrgico e centro obstétrico; os que mais documentavam: unidades de terapia intensiva, prontos-socorros e unidades de internação. O levantamento de dados e o diagnóstico foram as fases menos documentadas, ambas em 78,8% dos setores. Conclusão A maior parte dos setores estudados documenta o Processo de Enfermagem e faz anotações de enfermagem, mas há setores em que a documentação não corresponde às exigências formais. A viabilidade da documentação de todas as fases do Processo de Enfermagem em determinados tipos de setores precisa ser mais bem estudada.
RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar la prevalencia de documentación del Proceso de Enfermería en los hospitales y ambulatorios administrados por la Secretaría de Estado de la Salud de São Paulo. Método Estudio descriptivo, llevado a cabo mediante entrevistas con enfermeros responsables de 416 sectores de 40 centros acerca de la documentación de cuatro fases del Proceso de Enfermería (inventario de datos, diagnóstico, prescripción y evolución) y de apuntes de enfermería. Resultados De los 416 sectores estudiados, el 89,9% documentaban por lo menos una fase; el 56,0% documentaban las cuatro fases; el 4,3% documentaban solo apuntes de enfermería; el 5,8% no documentaban ninguna fase, ni los apuntes de enfermería. Los tipos de sectores que menos documentaban fueron: ambulatorio, apoyo diagnóstico, quirófano y centro obstétrico; los que más documentaban: unidades de cuidados intensivos, urgencias y unidades de estancia hospitalaria. El inventario de datos y el diagnóstico fueron las bases menos documentadas, ambas en el 78,8% de los sectores. Conclusión La mayor parte de los sectores estudiados documenta el Proceso de Enfermería y hace apuntes de enfermería, pero hay sectores en los que la documentación no corresponde a los requerimientos formales. La factibilidad de la documentación de todas las fases del Proceso de Enfermería en determinados tipos de sectores necesita ser más bien estudiada.
ABSTRACT Objective To identify the prevalence of nursing process documentation in hospitals and outpatient clinics administered by the São Paulo State Department of Health. Method A descriptive study conducted through interviews with nurses responsible for 416 sectors of 40 institutions on the documentation of four phases of the Nursing Process (data collection, diagnosis, prescription and evaluation) and nursing annotations. Results Of the 416 sectors studied, 89.9% documented at least one phase; 56.0% documented the four phases; 4.3% only documented nursing annotations; 5.8% did not document any phase, nor did the nursing notes. The types of sectors which were less documented were: ambulatory, diagnostic support, surgical center and obstetric center; while the ones which were most documented included: intensive care units, emergency rooms and hospitalization units. The data collection and diagnosis were the least documented phases, both in 78.8% of the sectors. Conclusion Most of the studied sectors document the Nursing Process and do nursing annotations, but there are sectors where documentation does not meet formal requirements. The viability of documentation of all the Nursing Process phases in certain types of sectors needs to be better studied.
Assuntos
Registros de Enfermagem , Padrões de Prática em Enfermagem , Processo de Enfermagem , Serviços de EnfermagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of nursing process documentation in hospitals and outpatient clinics administered by the São Paulo State Department of Health. METHOD: A descriptive study conducted through interviews with nurses responsible for 416 sectors of 40 institutions on the documentation of four phases of the Nursing Process (data collection, diagnosis, prescription and evaluation) and nursing annotations. RESULTS: Of the 416 sectors studied, 89.9% documented at least one phase; 56.0% documented the four phases; 4.3% only documented nursing annotations; 5.8% did not document any phase, nor did the nursing notes. The types of sectors which were less documented were: ambulatory, diagnostic support, surgical center and obstetric center; while the ones which were most documented included: intensive care units, emergency rooms and hospitalization units. The data collection and diagnosis were the least documented phases, both in 78.8% of the sectors. CONCLUSION: Most of the studied sectors document the Nursing Process and do nursing annotations, but there are sectors where documentation does not meet formal requirements. The viability of documentation of all the Nursing Process phases in certain types of sectors needs to be better studied.
Assuntos
Documentação/estatística & dados numéricos , Processo de Enfermagem/normas , Registros de Enfermagem/normas , Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial/normas , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/normas , Hospitais/normas , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/normas , Entrevistas como Assunto , Saúde PúblicaRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: to identify associations between the Burnout domains and the characteristics of the work environment. Method: cross-sectional study with 745 nurses from 40 public health institutions in São Paulo. Nursing Work Index-Revised (NWI-R) and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used. Similar institutions according to NWI-R were grouped by clustering and the Anova and Bonferroni tests were used in the comparative analyzes. Results: there was significant and moderate correlation between emotional exhaustion and autonomy, control over the environment and organizational support; between reduced personal accomplishment, autonomy and organizational support; and between depersonalization and autonomy. The group that presented the worst conditions in the work environment differed on emotional exhaustion from the group with most favorable traits. Conclusion: emotional exhaustion was the trait of Burnout that was more consistently related to the group of institutions with more unfavorable working conditions regarding autonomy, organizational support and control over the environment.
RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar asociaciones entre los dominios de Burnout y las características del ambiente de trabajo. Método: estudio transversal entre 745 enfermeros de 40 instituciones públicas de salud de São Paulo. Se utilizaron, la Escala Adaptada del Entorno de Práctica Enfermera (Nursing Work Index-Revised, NWI-R) y el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory. Se agruparon instituciones semejantes por el método de Cluster, según la NWI-R y se aplicaron las pruebas Anova y Bonferroni en los análisis comparativos. Resultados: hubo correlación significativa y moderada entre agotamiento emocional y autonomía, control sobre el ambiente y soporte organizacional; baja realización personal y autonomía y soporte organizacional; despersonalización y autonomía. El grupo que presentó las peores condiciones de ambiente de trabajo se diferenció del que tuvo los atributos más favorables con relación al agotamiento emocional. Conclusión: el agotamiento emocional fue la característica de Burnout que se relacionó de forma más constante con el grupo de instituciones en condiciones de trabajo más desfavorables respecto a la autonomía, soporte organizacional y control sobre el ambiente.
RESUMO Objetivo: identificar associações entre os domínios do Burnout e as características do ambiente de trabalho. Método: estudo transversal com 745 enfermeiros de 40 instituições públicas de saúde de São Paulo. Nursing Work Index-Revised (NWI-R) e Maslach Burnout Inventory foram utilizados. Instituições semelhantes, segundo NWI-R, foram agrupadas pelo método de Cluster e os testes Anova e Bonferroni foram aplicados nas análises comparativas. Resultados: houve correlação significativa e moderada entre exaustão emocional e autonomia, controle sobre o ambiente e suporte organizacional; baixa realização pessoal e autonomia, e suporte organizacional; despersonalização e autonomia. O grupo que apresentou as piores condições de ambiente de trabalho diferiu do que teve os mais favoráveis atributos quanto à exaustão emocional. Conclusão: a exaustão emocional foi o traço do Burnout que se relacionou de forma mais constante com o grupo de instituições com condições mais desfavoráveis de trabalho quanto à autonomia, suporte organizacional e controle sobre o ambiente.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Saúde Pública/normas , Local de Trabalho/psicologia , Satisfação no Emprego , Brasil , Esgotamento Profissional/etiologia , Adaptação Psicológica , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Análise de Variância , Local de Trabalho/normas , Recursos Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to identify associations between the Burnout domains and the characteristics of the work environment. METHOD: cross-sectional study with 745 nurses from 40 public health institutions in São Paulo. Nursing Work Index-Revised (NWI-R) and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used. Similar institutions according to NWI-R were grouped by clustering and the Anova and Bonferroni tests were used in the comparative analyzes. RESULTS: there was significant and moderate correlation between emotional exhaustion and autonomy, control over the environment and organizational support; between reduced personal accomplishment, autonomy and organizational support; and between depersonalization and autonomy. The group that presented the worst conditions in the work environment differed on emotional exhaustion from the group with most favorable traits. CONCLUSION: emotional exhaustion was the trait of Burnout that was more consistently related to the group of institutions with more unfavorable working conditions regarding autonomy, organizational support and control over the environment.
Assuntos
Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Satisfação no Emprego , Saúde Pública/normas , Local de Trabalho/psicologia , Adaptação Psicológica , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Brasil , Esgotamento Profissional/etiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários , Recursos Humanos , Local de Trabalho/normasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a worldwide public health issue with a negative impact on quality of life. Different weight loss interventions have demonstrated improvements in quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 months of treatment with an intragastric balloon (IGB) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its relation to changes in body fat in obese individuals with metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS: Fifty obese patients with MS aged 18-50 were selected for treatment with IGB for 6 months. Body fat was assessed with anthropometric measures and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and after removal of the IGB. HRQOL was evaluated with the short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) at baseline and soon after removal of the IGB. RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients completed the study. After 6 months, there was a significant improvement in quality of life (p = 0.0009) and health (p < 0.0001) perceptions, and in the Physical (p = 0.001), Psychological (p = 0.031), and Environmental domains (p = 0.0071). Anthropometric measures and total fat determined by DXA were directly and significantly related to an improvement in general aspects of quality of life. The decrease in the percentage of total fat was the parameter that better correlated with improvements in quality of life perception after regression (p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS: In obese individuals with MS, weight loss parameters were associated with short-term improvements in HRQOL after 6 months of treatment with IGB. However, only total fat was independently related to HRQOL perception. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01598233 .
Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo , Balão Gástrico , Síndrome Metabólica/psicologia , Obesidade/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida , Redução de Peso , Adulto , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/complicaçõesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 6-month treatment with intragastric balloon (IGB) on body composition and depressive/anxiety symptoms in obese individuals with metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS: Fifty patients (aged 18-50 years) with obesity and MS were selected for treatment with IGB for 6 months. Body composition was verified with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and right after IGB removal. Anxiety/depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. RESULTS: In total, 39 patients completed the study. After 6 months, there were significant decreases in weight (11.7 ± 9.6 kg, p < 0.0001) and waist circumference (9.3 ± 8.2 cm, p < 0.0001). Weight loss was also demonstrated by DXA and corresponded to decreases of 3.0 ± 3.4% in body fat percentage, 7.53 ± 7.62 kg in total body fat, and 3.70 ± 4.89 kg in lean body mass (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Depressive symptoms scores decreased by a mean of 4.57 ± 10.6 points when assessed with the BDI (p = 0.002) and 1.82 ± 5.16 points when assessed with the HADS-Depression (p = 0.0345). Anxiety symptoms scores decreased by a mean of 1.84 ± 4.04 points when determined with the HADS-anxiety (p = 0.0066). The decrease in body fat percentage was the parameter that best correlated with improvements in depressive (p = 0.008) and anxiety symptoms (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: In obese individuals with MS, fat mass reduction was associated with short-term improvements in depressive and anxiety symptoms. Trial Registration Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01598233.
RESUMO
Abstract Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum thyrotropin (TSH), insulin resistance (IR), and cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) in a sample of overweight and obese Brazilian adolescents. Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal analysis of 199 overweight and obese pubescent adolescents was performed. The TSH and free T4 (fT4) levels, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory test results of these patients were analyzed. Results: 27 individuals (13.56%) presented with TSH levels above the normal level (subclinical hypothyroidism [SCH]). Their waist circumference (WC) was significantly higher than those of euthyroid individuals. Serum TSH was positively correlated with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Using TSH and BMI as independent variables, TSH levels were shown to be independently related to HOMA-IR (p = 0.001) and TG (p = 0.007). Among euthyroid subjects, individuals with TSH values <2.5 mIU/mL exhibited statistically significant decreases in waist-to-hip ratio, HDL-C levels, and HOMA-IR scores and a tendency toward lower WC values. Conclusion: SCH in overweight and obese adolescents appears to be associated with excess weight, especially visceral weight. In euthyroid adolescents, there appears to be a direct relationship between TSH and some CRF. In conclusion, in the present sample of overweight and obese adolescents, TSH levels appear to be associated with IR and CRF.
Resumo Objetivo Investigar a relação entre tireotrofina sérica (TSH), resistência à insulina (RI) e fatores de risco cardiovascular (FRC) em uma amostra de adolescentes brasileiros acima do peso e obesos. Métodos Foi realizada uma análise longitudinal retrospectiva de 190 adolescentes púberes acima do peso e obesos. Foram analisados os níveis de TSH e T4 livre (T4l), as medidas antropométricas e os resultados de exames laboratoriais desses pacientes. Resultados 27 indivíduos (13,56%) apresentaram níveis de TSH acima do normal (hipotireoidismo subclínico (HSC)). Eles apresentaram circunferência da cintura (CC) significativamente maior que os indivíduos eutireoideos. A TSH sérica foi positivamente correlacionada ao índice do modelo de avaliação da homeostase de resistência à insulina (HOMA-IR), triglicerídeos (TG) e lipoproteína de alta densidade-colesterol (HDL-C). Usando TSH e IMC como variáveis independentes, os níveis de TSH estavam relacionados ao HOMA-IR (p = 0.001) e a TG (p = 0.007) de forma independente. Entre os pacientes eutireoideos, indivíduos com valores de TSH < 2.5 mIU/mL apresentaram reduções estatisticamente significativas na razão cintura/quadril, nos níveis de HDL-C e nos escores de HOMA-IR e tendência a menores valores de CC. Conclusão O HSC em adolescentes acima do peso e obesos parece estar associado ao excesso de peso, principalmente de peso visceral. Em adolescentes eutireoideos, parece haver uma relação direta entre TSH e alguns FRC. Concluindo, em nossa amostra de adolescentes acima do peso e obesos, os níveis de TSH parecem estar associados a RI e FRC.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Tireotropina/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Sobrepeso/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Brasil , Resistência à Insulina , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Longitudinais , Sobrepeso/complicações , Circunferência da Cintura , Obesidade Infantil/complicações , Hipotireoidismo/complicações , HDL-Colesterol/sangueRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between serum thyrotropin (TSH), insulin resistance (IR), and cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) in a sample of overweight and obese Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: A retrospective, longitudinal analysis of 199 overweight and obese pubescent adolescents was performed. The TSH and free T4 (fT4) levels, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory test results of these patients were analyzed. RESULTS: 27 individuals (13.56%) presented with TSH levels above the normal level (subclinical hypothyroidism [SCH]). Their waist circumference (WC) was significantly higher than those of euthyroid individuals. Serum TSH was positively correlated with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Using TSH and BMI as independent variables, TSH levels were shown to be independently related to HOMA-IR (p=0.001) and TG (p=0.007). Among euthyroid subjects, individuals with TSH values <2.5mIU/mL exhibited statistically significant decreases in waist-to-hip ratio, HDL-C levels, and HOMA-IR scores and a tendency toward lower WC values. CONCLUSION: SCH in overweight and obese adolescents appears to be associated with excess weight, especially visceral weight. In euthyroid adolescents, there appears to be a direct relationship between TSH and some CRF. In conclusion, in the present sample of overweight and obese adolescents, TSH levels appear to be associated with IR and CRF.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Sobrepeso/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Tireotropina/sangue , Adolescente , Brasil , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Criança , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Hipotireoidismo/complicações , Resistência à Insulina , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Sobrepeso/complicações , Obesidade Infantil/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Circunferência da CinturaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify informatics abilities essential to decision making in nursing management. METHOD: Survey study with specialist nurses in health informatics and management. An electronic questionnaire was built based on the competencies Information Literacy (five categories; 40 abilities) and Information Management (nine categories; 69 abilities) of the TIGER - Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform - initiative, with the guiding question: Which informatics abilities are essential to decision making in management? Answers were sorted in a Likert scale, ranging from 1 to 5. Rasch analysis was conducted with the software WINSTEPS(®). Results were presented in logits, with cutoff value zero. RESULTS: Thirty-two specialists participated, coming from all regions of Brazil. In the information literacy competency, 18 abilities were considered essential and in Information Management, 38; these were sorted according to their degree of essentiality. CONCLUSION: It is believed that the incorporation of these abilities in teaching can support the education of nurse managers and contribute to evidence-based practice, incorporation of information and communication technologies in health and information management.
Assuntos
Tomada de Decisões , Informática em Enfermagem , Enfermagem/organização & administração , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Competência ProfissionalRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to describe the methods used to analyze the associations between variables of service, nursing and the nursing process documentation in institutions of the Department of Health of the State of São Paulo. METHOD: multilevel analytical study with data obtained in the domains of institution, units of the institution and nursing professionals who work there, using standardized instruments. The analyses had as axis the degree of completeness of the nursing process documentation in units or institutions and their association with variables of nursing personnel, of units and of institutions. CONCLUSION: This study will provide important empirical evidence on the factors involved in the nursing process documentation.