RESUMO
Isolation of a new entity, Tacaribe virus, from Artibeus bats and from mosquitoes, in Trinidad, is described. The agent is pathogenic for baby and adult mice and is inactivated by incubation with sodium desoxycholate. It is proposed for inclusion in the group of arthropod-borne viruses (Summary)
Assuntos
Camundongos , 21003 , Vírus/isolamento & purificação , Quirópteros/microbiologia , Culicidae/microbiologia , Trinidad e Tobago , Testes de Neutralização/métodos , Testes de Inibição da Hemaglutinação/métodos , Cérebro/patologia , Tecido Adiposo Marrom , Glândulas SalivaresRESUMO
A wide variety of bat inhabitats was surveyed for the presence of Histoplasma capsulatum and other human pathogenic fungi. H. capsulatum was recovered from 9 tree hollows. Four isolates of Allescheria boydii and 7 of Microsporum gypseum were obtained from similar arboreal sites. The significance of these findings is discussed (summary)
Assuntos
Histoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Quirópteros/parasitologia , Fungos Mitospóricos/isolamento & purificação , Pseudallescheria/isolamento & purificação , Microsporum/isolamento & purificação , Trinidad e TobagoRESUMO
Histoplasma capsulatum was isolated from 8 of 176 samples of soil taken in Trinidad, W.I. Four of these were associated with the presence of bats (Molossus a. ater, M. m. major, Carollia p. perspicillta, Phyllostomus h. hastatus, Glossophaga s. soricina) in buildings, 3 were beneath a bat roost (Sarccopteryx bilineata perspicillifer) above buttressed roots of a silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra) and 1 was in a small abandoned ammunition cave (AU)
Assuntos
Histoplasma , Quirópteros/parasitologia , Trinidad e TobagoRESUMO
Since the construction of buildings by man, house bats infesting roof spaces have presented a serious nuisance, constituting health and economic problems throughout the world, especially where there is no proper bat-proofing in the initial construction. In Trinidad this problem is acute. Previous studies on control measures are evaluated. Experiments carried out used locally available chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides. Results indicate that where a repellent was required, B.H.C. was preferred and where a toxicant was more desirable, D.D.T. Either of these insecticides resulted in the removal of house bats from roof spaces in 3-4 weeks and D.D.T. had a residual effectiveness of at least one year. Methods of insecticide application and assessment of bat populations are discussed, also biological data are given on the 2 species of Molossus involved. These studies vear directly on the problem as found in the Southern United States and Puerto Rico, or wherever other species of house bats are involved (AU)
Assuntos
21003 , Quirópteros , Controle de Pragas/métodos , Inseticidas Organoclorados , DDTRESUMO
El presente análisis de la importancia zoomédica y del control de los murciélagos, está referido a Trinidad, de antiguo conocida por las investigaciones allí hechas de la rabia de estos animales y del programa de su control. En Trinidad hay también problemas comunes a otros países en lo que respecta a los murciélagos, incluso diversas enfermedades, ataques de murciélagos que prefieren vivir en las casas. La rabia es la enfermedad más importante y los vampiros son sus vectores principales, lo que causa grandes pérdidas a la ganadería desde México a la Argentina. Cualquier clase de murciélago puede resultar infectado, y sólo los insectívores afectan a Estados Unidos y Canadá, donde no existen los vampiros. Se requiere un estudio más profundo de los virus de las glándulas salivales y de la encefalitis, así como de la histoplasmosis, tripanosomiasis y, tal vez, de la leptospirosis y fiebre recurrente. Los murciélagos pueden transmitir agentes patógenos por la orina o los ectoparásitos, tanto durante sus vuelos locales como migratorios. Sin tener en cuenta su papel de transmisores de enfermedades, los ataques de los vampiros debilitan a los seres humanos y al ganado y, por consiguiente, el control de estos murciélagos es importante para los países productores de carne y leche y sus derivados. Asimismo, las infestaciones de murciélagos que prefieren vivir en las casas deben ser objeto de control