RESUMO

This study aimed to investigate the frequency of geohelminthic contamination of public parks and squares in Curitiba, state of Paraná, Brazil, between August and December 2010. A total of 345 samples were collected from 69 sandboxes in different areas and were tested using the Faust, Lutz and Baermann parasitological techniques. Potential risk factors associated with soil contamination were also analyzed. A total of 36% of the samples (124/345) were positive for helminths and 65.2% of the areas (45/69) were classified as contaminated in one or more samples. The most commonly identified parasite eggs were Ancylostoma sp. (14.5%; 50/345); followed by Toxocara sp. (9.6%; 33/345) and the Strongyloidea superfamily (excluding hookworms) (2.3%; 8/345). The analysis on the epidemiological risk factors indicated that the presence of dogs and feces in the sandboxes increased the chances of contamination of the site. Use of fences had a protective positive impact that reduced soil contamination. Health education programs should be applied within the community to minimize the risk of human contact with dogs' feces. Use of fencing in these areas is highly recommended to prevent or reduce the users' contact with animal excrement.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aimed to investigate the frequency of geohelminthic contamination of public parks and squares in Curitiba, state of Paraná, Brazil, between August and December 2010. A total of 345 samples were collected from 69 sandboxes in different areas and were tested using the Faust, Lutz and Baermann parasitological techniques. Potential risk factors associated with soil contamination were also analyzed. A total of 36% of the samples (124/345) were positive for helminths and 65.2% of the areas (45/69) were classified as contaminated in one or more samples. The most commonly identified parasite eggs were Ancylostoma sp. (14.5%; 50/345); followed by Toxocara sp. (9.6%; 33/345) and the Strongyloidea superfamily (excluding hookworms) (2.3%; 8/345). The analysis on the epidemiological risk factors indicated that the presence of dogs and feces in the sandboxes increased the chances of contamination of the site. Use of fences had a protective positive impact that reduced soil contamination. Health education programs should be applied within the community to minimize the risk of human contact with dogs' feces. Use of fencing in these areas is highly recommended to prevent or reduce the users' contact with animal excrement.

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a frequência de contaminação por geohelmintos em parques e praças públicas de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil, entre agosto e dezembro de 2010. Um total de 345 amostras foram coletadas de 69 caixas de areia em diferentes áreas e testadas usando-se as técnicas parasitológicas de Faust, Lutz e Baermann. Potenciais fatores de risco também foram analisados com a contaminação do solo. Um total de 36% (124/345) das amostras foram positivas, para helmintos e 65,2% (45/69) das áreas foram classificadas como contaminadas em uma ou mais amostras. Os ovos de helmintos mais identificados foram Ancylostoma sp. 14,5% (50/345), seguido por Toxocara sp. 9,6% (33/345) e Strongyloidea superfamília (excluindo ancilostomídeos) 2,3% (8/345). A análise dos fatores de risco epidemiológico indicou que a presença de cães e fezes nas caixas de areia aumenta a probabilidade de contaminação do local. O uso de cercas teve um impacto positivo de proteção e redução da contaminação do solo. Programas de educação em saúde devem ser aplicados dentro da comunidade para minimizar o risco do contato humano com as fezes dos cães. O uso de cercas nessas áreas é altamente recomendado, para prevenir ou reduzir o contato dos usuários com excrementos dos animais.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aimed to investigate the frequency of geohelminthic contamination of public parks and squares in Curitiba, state of Paraná, Brazil, between August and December 2010. A total of 345 samples were collected from 69 sandboxes in different areas and were tested using the Faust, Lutz and Baermann parasitological techniques. Potential risk factors associated with soil contamination were also analyzed. A total of 36% of the samples (124/345) were positive for helminths and 65.2% of the areas (45/69) were classified as contaminated in one or more samples. The most commonly identified parasite eggs were Ancylostoma sp. (14.5%; 50/345); followed by Toxocara sp. (9.6%; 33/345) and the Strongyloidea superfamily (excluding hookworms) (2.3%; 8/345). The analysis on the epidemiological risk factors indicated that the presence of dogs and feces in the sandboxes increased the chances of contamination of the site. Use of fences had a protective positive impact that reduced soil contamination. Health education programs should be applied within the community to minimize the risk of human contact with dogs' feces. Use of fencing in these areas is highly recommended to prevent or reduce the users' contact with animal excrement.

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a frequência de contaminação por geohelmintos em parques e praças públicas de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil, entre agosto e dezembro de 2010. Um total de 345 amostras foram coletadas de 69 caixas de areia em diferentes áreas e testadas usando-se as técnicas parasitológicas de Faust, Lutz e Baermann. Potenciais fatores de risco também foram analisados com a contaminação do solo. Um total de 36% (124/345) das amostras foram positivas, para helmintos e 65,2% (45/69) das áreas foram classificadas como contaminadas em uma ou mais amostras. Os ovos de helmintos mais identificados foram Ancylostoma sp. 14,5% (50/345), seguido por Toxocara sp. 9,6% (33/345) e Strongyloidea superfamília (excluindo ancilostomídeos) 2,3% (8/345). A análise dos fatores de risco epidemiológico indicou que a presença de cães e fezes nas caixas de areia aumenta a probabilidade de contaminação do local. O uso de cercas teve um impacto positivo de proteção e redução da contaminação do solo. Programas de educação em saúde devem ser aplicados dentro da comunidade para minimizar o risco do contato humano com as fezes dos cães. O uso de cercas nessas áreas é altamente recomendado, para prevenir ou reduzir o contato dos usuários com excrementos dos animais.

Assuntos

RESUMO

An intact adult female Poodle dog was presented with a history of an increase in volume in the left and right mammary inguinal glands. The histopathological examination revealed a proliferation of spindle cells arranged in bundles with concentric arrangements surrounding blood vessels, occasionally collapsed. Three weeks after the surgery, the animal presented a recurrence of the tumor that extended from the left inguinal mammary gland to the vulva. Necropsy revealed direct invasion of the abdominal cavity by the tumor and pulmonary metastasis. The definitive diagnosis of hemangiopericytoma was made by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. Pulmonary metastasis of CHP (canine hemangiopericytoma) is rare and there is no previous report of direct invasion to the abdominal cavity as observed in the present case.(AU)

Uma cadela adulta, intacta, da raça Poodle, apresentou histórico de aumento de volume na mama inguinal direita. O exame histopatológico revelou proliferação de células fusiformes dispostas em bandas e arranjos concêntricos ao redor de vasos, os quais se apresentavam ocasionalmente colapsados. Três semanas após a cirurgia, o animal apresentou recorrência do tumor que se estendia até a vulva. No exame necroscópico, observou-se que a massa invadia a cavidade abdominal e presença de metástase no pulmão. O diagnóstico definitivo de hemangiopericitoma foi realizado por meio dos exames histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico. A metástase pulmonar do hemangiopericitoma canino é rara e não há relatos prévios de invasão direta para cavidade abdominal, como observado no presente caso.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

An intact adult female Poodle dog was presented with a history of an increase in volume in the left and right mammary inguinal glands. The histopathological examination revealed a proliferation of spindle cells arranged in bundles with concentric arrangements surrounding blood vessels, occasionally collapsed. Three weeks after the surgery, the animal presented a recurrence of the tumor that extended from the left inguinal mammary gland to the vulva. Necropsy revealed direct invasion of the abdominal cavity by the tumor and pulmonary metastasis. The definitive diagnosis of hemangiopericytoma was made by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. Pulmonary metastasis of CHP (canine hemangiopericytoma) is rare and there is no previous report of direct invasion to the abdominal cavity as observed in the present case.

Uma cadela adulta, intacta, da raça Poodle, apresentou histórico de aumento de volume na mama inguinal direita. O exame histopatológico revelou proliferação de células fusiformes dispostas em bandas e arranjos concêntricos ao redor de vasos, os quais se apresentavam ocasionalmente colapsados. Três semanas após a cirurgia, o animal apresentou recorrência do tumor que se estendia até a vulva. No exame necroscópico, observou-se que a massa invadia a cavidade abdominal e presença de metástase no pulmão. O diagnóstico definitivo de hemangiopericitoma foi realizado por meio dos exames histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico. A metástase pulmonar do hemangiopericitoma canino é rara e não há relatos prévios de invasão direta para cavidade abdominal, como observado no presente caso.

RESUMO

O tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT) gealmente acomete animais não esterilizados e ocorre em países onde há grande população canina errante. É considerado um tumor de células redondas de origem reticuloendotelial, e as metástases são consideradas incomuns e estão relacionadas à imunidade de cada indivíduo. Relata-se o caso de uma fêmea canina, sem raça definida, de dois anos de idade, adotada da rua com TVT intravaginal infiltrativo. O exame citológico realizado sugeriu TVT linfoplasmocitoide. O tratamento com sulfato de vincristina (0,5mg/m2 semanal) foi estabelecido, mas após a quinta aplicação de tal fármaco, o animal apresentou apatia, anorexia, vômitos e leucocitose. Com a piora do quadro geral e após exame ultrassonográfico, o animal foi submetido a laparotomia exploratória e notou-se massa aderida a vários órgãos. Na necrópsia foi diagnosticada metástase ovariana bilateral de TVT.

The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is most frequent in non-neutered animals with active sexual activity, especially in countries in which there is no control of stray canines. It is considered a round cell tumor of reticuloendothelial origin and metastases are regarded as uncommon; these are generally related to individual immunity. We hereby report the case of a two-year old female mongrel, which was adopted from the street with infiltrative intravaginal TVT. Cytological examination was suggestive of lymphoplasmocytoid TVT. Treatment with sulfate of vincristine (0.5 mg/m2 weekly) was established, but after the fifth application of this drug, the animal showed apathy, anorexia, vomiting, and leukocytosis. Clinical course worsened. After ultrasound examination, the animal underwent laparotomy, during which a mass was found to be attached to various organs. The necropsy disclosed bilateral ovarian TVT metastasis.

El tumor venéreo transmisible (TVT) es más frecuente en los animales con actividad sexual activa y en los países donde no existe un control epidemiológico de la población canina. Se lo considera un tumor de células redondas de origen reticuloendotelial y las metástasis son poco frecuentes, estando relacionadas con la inmunidad de cada individuo. En este trabajo se relata el caso de una perra, mestiza, de dos años, que fue hallada en la calle, y que tenía un TVT infiltrante intravaginal. El examen citológico fue sugestivo de TVT linfoplasmocitário. Fue realizado un tratamiento con sulfato de vincristina (0,5 mg/m2 por semana), pero después de la quinta aplicación de este fármaco, el animal comenzó a manifestar apatía, anorexia, vómitos y se detectó la presencia de leucocitosis. Al empeorar la evolución clínica y después de un examen ecográfico, se realizó una laparotomía exploratoria, confirmando la presencia de una masa a varios órganos. En la necropsia se pudo diagnosticar la presencia de una metástasis ovárica bilateral de TVT.

Assuntos

RESUMO

O tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT) gealmente acomete animais não esterilizados e ocorre em países onde há grande população canina errante. É considerado um tumor de células redondas de origem reticuloendotelial, e as metástases são consideradas incomuns e estão relacionadas à imunidade de cada indivíduo. Relata-se o caso de uma fêmea canina, sem raça definida, de dois anos de idade, adotada da rua com TVT intravaginal infiltrativo. O exame citológico realizado sugeriu TVT linfoplasmocitoide. O tratamento com sulfato de vincristina (0,5mg/m2 semanal) foi estabelecido, mas após a quinta aplicação de tal fármaco, o animal apresentou apatia, anorexia, vômitos e leucocitose. Com a piora do quadro geral e após exame ultrassonográfico, o animal foi submetido a laparotomia exploratória e notou-se massa aderida a vários órgãos. Na necrópsia foi diagnosticada metástase ovariana bilateral de TVT.(AU)

The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is most frequent in non-neutered animals with active sexual activity, especially in countries in which there is no control of stray canines. It is considered a round cell tumor of reticuloendothelial origin and metastases are regarded as uncommon; these are generally related to individual immunity. We hereby report the case of a two-year old female mongrel, which was adopted from the street with infiltrative intravaginal TVT. Cytological examination was suggestive of lymphoplasmocytoid TVT. Treatment with sulfate of vincristine (0.5 mg/m2 weekly) was established, but after the fifth application of this drug, the animal showed apathy, anorexia, vomiting, and leukocytosis. Clinical course worsened. After ultrasound examination, the animal underwent laparotomy, during which a mass was found to be attached to various organs. The necropsy disclosed bilateral ovarian TVT metastasis.(AU)

El tumor venéreo transmisible (TVT) es más frecuente en los animales con actividad sexual activa y en los países donde no existe un control epidemiológico de la población canina. Se lo considera un tumor de células redondas de origen reticuloendotelial y las metástasis son poco frecuentes, estando relacionadas con la inmunidad de cada individuo. En este trabajo se relata el caso de una perra, mestiza, de dos años, que fue hallada en la calle, y que tenía un TVT infiltrante intravaginal. El examen citológico fue sugestivo de TVT linfoplasmocitário. Fue realizado un tratamiento con sulfato de vincristina (0,5 mg/m2 por semana), pero después de la quinta aplicación de este fármaco, el animal comenzó a manifestar apatía, anorexia, vómitos y se detectó la presencia de leucocitosis. Al empeorar la evolución clínica y después de un examen ecográfico, se realizó una laparotomía exploratoria, confirmando la presencia de una masa a varios órganos. En la necropsia se pudo diagnosticar la presencia de una metástasis ovárica bilateral de TVT.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the viability of bull spermatozoa collected from the cauda epididymis stored at 18-20°C, which were compared with semen collected by electro-ejaculation method and preserved at 5°C. Ten pairs of testes from Tabapuã bulls were removed by orchiectomy and stored for 6 (G6), 12 (G12), 18 (G18), 24 (G24) and 30 (G30) h at room temperature (18-20°C). Seven days before orchiectomy, semen was collected by electro-ejaculation method. The sperm parameters evaluated were: sperm motility, vigor, concentration, morphology and acrosome defects. Sperm motility declined (p<0.05) when spermatozoa were stored for 30 h in the epididymis. The spermatozoa from the epididymis showed lower sperm motility than that of spermatozoa collected via electro-ejaculation. There was a little expressive decrease in sperm vigor and increased in morphological defects with storage time, but the acrosome integrity was not affected. Cold storage (5°C) maintained sperm viable for 15 to 40.8 h. Thus, it was possible to recover viable sperm with 41.25% of motility from the cauda epididymis stored at room temperature of 18-20°C for 30 h. There were differences between the ejaculated and epididymal sperm for the bulls and the conservation at 5°C allowed short-term preservation of the gametes.

RESUMO

Primary lung tumors (PLT) are uncommon in dogs and occasionally metastasize to distant organs. This report describes three cases of PLT in dogs with epithelial origin, diagnosed post mortem through histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Case one presented nonspecific symptoms while the second and third cases presented respiratory alterations and radiographic exams revealed the presence of pulmonary nodule(s). Case 1 was diagnosed as a pulmonary papillary adenocarcinoma with metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes, liver and right adrenal gland. Case 2 was a pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma with metastasis to the heart, kidneys and perianal glan, whereas Case 3 was diagnosis as pulmonary papillary adenocarcinoma with metastasis to the pericardium and mediastinal lymph nodes. No previous report of epithelial TPP metastasis to pericardium, heart, liver, kidney and perianal gland. The three tumors showed positive immunostaining for the anti-pan-cytokeratin antibody and negative immunostaining for the anti-vimentin antibody. In dogs with PLT, the TNM clinical staging and histological classification and grading are fundamental for therapeutic planning and prognosis determination.

Tumores primários pulmonares (TPP) são incomuns em cães e ocasionalmente metastatizam para órgãos distantes. Relatam-se três casos de TPP com origem epitelial em cães, diagnosticados pós-morte por meio do exame histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico. O caso 1 apresentou sinais clínicos inespecíficos, os casos 2 e 3 apresentaram sinais clínicos de alterações respiratórias e no exame radiográfico visualizouse nódulo(s) pulmonar. Os casos 1 e 3 foram diagnosticados como adenocarcinoma papilar pulmonar com metástase nos linfonodos mediastínicos, fígado, adrenal direita (caso 1) e, pericárdio e linfonodos mediastínicos (caso 3). O caso 2 apresentou carcinoma de células escamosas pulmonar com metástase no coração, rins e glândula perianal. Não há relatos prévios de metástase de TPP epitelial no pericárdio, coração, fígado, rim e glândula perianal. Os três tumores tiveram marcação positiva para o anticorpo anti-pancitoqueraina e negativa para o anticorpo anti-vimentina.

RESUMO

Primary lung tumors (PLT) are uncommon in dogs and occasionally metastasize to distant organs. This report describes three cases of PLT in dogs with epithelial origin, diagnosed post mortem through histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Case one presented nonspecific symptoms while the second and third cases presented respiratory alterations and radiographic exams revealed the presence of pulmonary nodule(s). Case 1 was diagnosed as a pulmonary papillary adenocarcinoma with metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes, liver and right adrenal gland. Case 2 was a pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma with metastasis to the heart, kidneys and perianal glan, whereas Case 3 was diagnosis as pulmonary papillary adenocarcinoma with metastasis to the pericardium and mediastinal lymph nodes. No previous report of epithelial TPP metastasis to pericardium, heart, liver, kidney and perianal gland. The three tumors showed positive immunostaining for the anti-pan-cytokeratin antibody and negative immunostaining for the anti-vimentin antibody. In dogs with PLT, the TNM clinical staging and histological classification and grading are fundamental for therapeutic planning and prognosis determination.

Tumores primários pulmonares (TPP) são incomuns em cães e ocasionalmente metastatizam para órgãos distantes. Relatam-se três casos de TPP com origem epitelial em cães, diagnosticados pós-morte por meio do exame histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico. O caso 1 apresentou sinais clínicos inespecíficos, os casos 2 e 3 apresentaram sinais clínicos de alterações respiratórias e no exame radiográfico visualizouse nódulo(s) pulmonar. Os casos 1 e 3 foram diagnosticados como adenocarcinoma papilar pulmonar com metástase nos linfonodos mediastínicos, fígado, adrenal direita (caso 1) e, pericárdio e linfonodos mediastínicos (caso 3). O caso 2 apresentou carcinoma de células escamosas pulmonar com metástase no coração, rins e glândula perianal. Não há relatos prévios de metástase de TPP epitelial no pericárdio, coração, fígado, rim e glândula perianal. Os três tumores tiveram marcação positiva para o anticorpo anti-pancitoqueraina e negativa para o anticorpo anti-vimentina.

RESUMO

Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) is a lethal rickettsiosis in humans caused by the bacteria Rickettsia rickettsii, and is endemic in some areas of Brazil. Horses and dogs are part of the disease's life cycle and they may also serve as sentinel animals in epidemiological studies. The first human BSF case in the State of Paraná was reported in 2005. The present study was conducted in the municipality of Almirante Tamandaré, where no previous case of BSF was reported. Serum samples were collected from 71 horses and 20 dogs from nine properties in the area. Ticks were also collected from these animals. All farmers completed a questionnaire about their knowledge of BSF and animal health management. Serum samples were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescent-antibody assay (IFA) using R. rickettsii and R. parkeri as antigens. Ticks were analyzed by PCR for Rickettsia sp., and all of them were PCR-negative. Six horses (8.45%) and 4 dogs (20%) were identified as seropositive. Farmers were not aware of the correlation between the presence of ticks and risk of BSF. Although a non-endemic area, Almirante Tamandaré is a vulnerable environment for BSF and effective tick control measures are required.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) is a lethal rickettsiosis in humans caused by the bacteria Rickettsia rickettsii, and is endemic in some areas of Brazil. Horses and dogs are part of the disease's life cycle and they may also serve as sentinel animals in epidemiological studies. The first human BSF case in the State of Paraná was reported in 2005. The present study was conducted in the municipality of Almirante Tamandaré, where no previous case of BSF was reported. Serum samples were collected from 71 horses and 20 dogs from nine properties in the area. Ticks were also collected from these animals. All farmers completed a questionnaire about their knowledge of BSF and animal health management. Serum samples were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescent-antibody assay (IFA) using R. rickettsii and R. parkeri as antigens. Ticks were analyzed by PCR for Rickettsia sp., and all of them were PCR-negative. Six horses (8.45 percent) and 4 dogs (20 percent) were identified as seropositive. Farmers were not aware of the correlation between the presence of ticks and risk of BSF. Although a non-endemic area, Almirante Tamandaré is a vulnerable environment for BSF and effective tick control measures are required.

A Febre Maculosa Brasileira (FMB) é uma riquetsiose letal para humanos, causada pela bactéria Rickettsia rickettsii, e é endêmica em algumas regiões brasileiras. Equinos e cães podem participar do ciclo da doença e podem também servir como sentinelas em estudos epidemiológicos. O primeiro caso humano relatado no Estado do Paraná ocorreu em 2005. O presente estudo foi realizado no município de Almirante Tamandaré, região onde não há relatos de casos de FMB. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 71 cavalos e 20 cães em nove propriedades rurais na região. Carrapatos também foram colhidos dos animais. Todos os proprietários responderam a um questionário sobre o manejo sanitário dos animais e o conhecimento a respeito da FMB. As amostras de soro foram processadas pela técnica de Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI), utilizando-se os antígenos de R. rickettsii e R. parkeri. Os carrapatos foram analisados por PCR para Rickettsia sp. e todos foram negativos. Seis cavalos (8,45 por cento) e 4 cães (20 por cento) foram identificados como soropositivos. Todos os proprietários desconheciam a relação de carrapatos com a FMB. Embora considerada uma área não endêmica, Almirante Tamandaré é um ambiente vulnerável à FMB e um controle eficiente de carrapatos deve ser implementado.

Assuntos