RESUMO
Background: Patients who come to the emergency department are different from those seen in outpatient clinics. The former suffer greater stress. Aim: Establish an association between the attribution of the symptoms (psychosocial or organic) by the patient and the level of perceived stress in patients with Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms (MUS) in an emergency department. Methods: A correlational cross-sectional study was conducted in 138 patients with MUS in the emergency department of a 3rd level public hospital where the psychosocial or organic attribution of nonspecific symptom(s) by patients and the perceived stress were measured with validated scales. Bivariate analysis was performed with Chi square for categorical variables, and a Spearman correlation, p <0.05. Results: 75% of patients with psychosocial attribution have higher stress compared to patients with organic symptom attribution (25%). In Spearman's correlation, a medium but statistically significant correlation was obtained. Conclusions: The psychosocial attribution of the patient's complaint might coexist in MUS patients with higher level of perceived stress by the patients. Health professionals might need to address both psychosocial attributions and stress in MUS patients.
RESUMO
Se analiza la incidencia de un conjunto de variables relacionales y del entorno social construido que actúan como factores de riesgo en procesos de desadaptación social de adolescentes en un barrio de Temuco, Chile. Como técnicas para la producción de datos, se emplearon: la observación participante, las entrevistas focalizadas, el análisis documental, los talleres de discusión grupal y el análisis estructural de redes. En un análisis en progreso de los datos, bajo la lógica de construcción de teoría desde la base, se caracteriza la dinámica barrial en cinco dimensiones: convivencia comunitaria, acción institucional en la comunidad, norma comunitaria, abordaje familiar del comportamiento infantil y adolescente y apropiación del espacio público. Se propone que estas dimensiones en el polo negativo actuarían como variables criminógenas en el espacio comunitario.
This article analyses the incidence of a group of relational and social context constructed variables that act as risk factors in processes of social maladjustment of adolescents in a neighborhood belonging to Temuco city, Chile. The techniques used to produce the data were participant observation, focalized interviews, document analysis, group discussion workshops and structural analysis of networks. In a progressive analysis of the data, using grounded theory, the neighborhood dynamics is characterized by five dimensions: community cohabitation, institutional action in the community, community norm, family approach to child and adolescent behavior; and community taking of the public space. It is proposed that these dimensions in its negative pole would act, within community space, as conducive to crime variables.