RESUMO
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that isoxsuprine is an effective, quick hypotensive of easy management in the hypertension of pregnancy that does not have adverse effects on the mother-fetus binomial. This study was carried out at the Obstetric Intensive Care Unit at the Gyneco-Obstretrics Hospital in the Centro Médico Nacional La Raza of the IMSS. Fifty patients were chosen and managed according to the protocol management of the hospital; they had a diagnosis of severe toxemia or preeclampsia in patients with 24 weeks or more of pregnancy, with hypertension, edema, convulsions and/or coma state or without concomitant or previous pathological states. All of the patients received isoxsuprine (50 mg in 250 ml of DW5%). We evaluated the hypotensive effect of isoxsuprine according to the time and average dose administered, and its effect on the mother and fetus heart frequency according to the basal values. We valued the APGAR score at minute one and minute five, seconds after the delivery. We analyzed according to the degrees of toxemia and at the end of the obstetric event. We demonstrated a significant decrease in the arterial tension after administration fifteen minutes later with a dose of nine drops (0.29 mcg/min) average and demonstrated at the same time that there are no adverse effects on the mother fetus binomial. Isoxsuprine is an affective, quick and economical hypotensive of easy management that has no adverse effects on mother-fetus glycemia, obstetric bleeding and APGAR score.
Assuntos
Agonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapêutico , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Isoxsuprina/uso terapêutico , Pré-Eclâmpsia/tratamento farmacológico , Vasodilatadores/uso terapêutico , Agonistas Adrenérgicos beta/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Anti-Hipertensivos/administração & dosagem , Índice de Apgar , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Infusões Intravenosas , Isoxsuprina/administração & dosagem , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Vasodilatadores/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Kerosene is a by product of petroleum used in some countries for cleaning, lighting and cooking purposes. Rodriguez de la Vega et al (1981) have presented evidences of the relation between bronchial asthma and the manipulation of kerosene. Since the experiments performed by our group showed that the acute inhalation of the aerosol of kerosene induces bronchoconstriction in rabbits (Casacó et al 1982), we investigated its effect on guinea pig respiratory physiology. In order to elucidate the implication of histamine and arachidonic acid metabolites in kerosene induced bronchoconstriction, we investigated the influence of the administration to guinea pig of a single dose of the histamine H1 antagonist mepyramine (0.1 mg/kg i.v.) 10 minutes before the aerosol and also the effect of the steroidal antinflammatory drug triamcinolone in rabbits (5 mg/kg i.m.) daily during 4 days before the inhalation of kerosene. The histamine concentrations in guinea pig blood before and after the aerosol were also compared. The inhalation of kerosene during 5 min. (20.4 mg/L) by guinea pigs resulted in an increase of airway resistance without increase of blood histamine concentration. On the other hand, the bronchoconstrictive effect of kerosene in guinea pigs and rabbits was not modified by the previous treatment with mepyramine or triamcinolone respectively. The results suggest that the acute bronchoconstriction induced by kerosene is mediated neither by stimulation of histamine H1 receptors nor by the release of chemical mediators.
Assuntos
Resistência das Vias Respiratórias/efeitos dos fármacos , Asma/induzido quimicamente , Liberação de Histamina/efeitos dos fármacos , Querosene/toxicidade , Complacência Pulmonar/efeitos dos fármacos , Petróleo/toxicidade , Animais , Asma/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Cobaias , Masculino , Pirilamina/farmacologia , Coelhos , Receptores Histamínicos H1/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores Histamínicos H1/fisiologia , Triancinolona/farmacologiaRESUMO
The biochemical mechanisms involved in the bronchoconstriction and airway hyperresponsiveness induced by the acute inhalation of aerosol of kerosene in experimental animals and the inflammatory changes induced by subchronic inhalation of the aerosol or smoke of kerosene were investigated. The results obtained indicate that the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase activity in airways and the decrease in the efficiency of the calcium uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum are some of the mechanisms involved in the airway hyperreactivity induced by kerosene. The levels of cyclic nucleotides in lungs and trachea and the histamine concentration in blood did not change in the animals exposed to the aerosol of kerosene. The subchronic exposure to vapors of kerosene or its combustion fumes, induced an increase in the activity of lysosomal enzymes in lungs which can be an explanation of the inflammatory response induced in lungs by this agent.
Assuntos
Querosene/toxicidade , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Petróleo/toxicidade , Traqueia/efeitos dos fármacos , Acetilcolinesterase/análise , Aerossóis , Animais , Cálcio/metabolismo , AMP Cíclico/análise , GMP Cíclico/análise , Cobaias , Histamina/sangue , Íleo/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/patologia , Lisossomos/enzimologia , Contração Muscular/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Traqueia/patologiaRESUMO
Se estudio la dependencia de la temperatura y el requerimiento de calcio extracelular en el proceso de liberacion de histamina inducido por polimixina B. La disminucion de la temperatura de 37o.C a 15o.C redujo liberacion. Se encontro que aunque la concentracion extracelular de calcio optima para la liberacion de histamina fue 1 mM, se produjo liberacion residual de histamina en ausencia de calcio. Los resultados confirman la identidad en el mecanismo de accion de la polimixina B y el compuesto 48/80
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Ratos , Liberação de Histamina , Polimixina B , Cálcio , TemperaturaAssuntos
Anafilaxia/tratamento farmacológico , Dietilcarbamazina/farmacologia , Liberação de Histamina/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Cromolina Sódica/farmacologia , Dietilcarbamazina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Cobaias , Injeções Intramusculares , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Masculino , Mastócitos/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) produces a positive chronotropic effect in the isolated atrium of the hamster. The characterization of this effect using reserpine pretreatment, propranolol, pargyline, 6-hydroxydopamine or the combination of some of those drugs enable us to conclude that serotonin is an amine of mixed action in the isolated atrium of the hamster, that is, its positive chronotropic effect has a direct component, which is obtained with lower concentrations of agonist and an indirect component through the liberation of endogenous noradrenaline from the sympathetic nerve terminals. The highest concentrations of serotonin are responsible of that component. Pargyline potentiates the indirect component of 5-HT, because inhibition of intraneuronal monoamine oxidase (MAO) avoids the degradation of the noradrenaline released, but it does not potentiate the direct component, indicating that postsynaptic cardiac MAO has little importance in the metabolism of serotonin administered exogenously.
Assuntos
Epinefrina/metabolismo , Átrios do Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores da Monoaminoxidase , Serotonina/farmacologia , Animais , Gatos , Cricetinae , Cães , Pargilina/farmacologia , Propranolol/farmacologia , Reserpina/farmacologiaRESUMO
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) produces a positive chronotropic effect in the isolated atrium of the hamster. The characterization of this effect using reserpine pretreatment, propranolol, pargyline, 6-hydroxydopamine or the combination of some of those drugs enable us to conclude that serotonin is an amine of mixed action in the isolated atrium of the hamster, that is, its positive chronotropic effect has a direct component, which is obtained with lower concentrations of agonist and an indirect component through the liberation of endogenous noradrenaline from the sympathetic nerve terminals. The highest concentrations of serotonin are responsible of that component. Pargyline potentiates the indirect component of 5-HT, because inhibition of intraneuronal monoamine oxidase (MAO) avoids the degradation of the noradrenaline released, but it does not potentiate the direct component, indicating that postsynaptic cardiac MAO has little importance in the metabolism of serotonin administered exogenously.
RESUMO
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) produces a positive chronotropic effect in the isolated atrium of the hamster. The characterization of this effect using reserpine pretreatment, propranolol, pargyline, 6-hydroxydopamine or the combination of some of those drugs enable us to conclude that serotonin is an amine of mixed action in the isolated atrium of the hamster, that is, its positive chronotropic effect has a direct component, which is obtained with lower concentrations of agonist and an indirect component through the liberation of endogenous noradrenaline from the sympathetic nerve terminals. The highest concentrations of serotonin are responsible of that component. Pargyline potentiates the indirect component of 5-HT, because inhibition of intraneuronal monoamine oxidase (MAO) avoids the degradation of the noradrenaline released, but it does not potentiate the direct component, indicating that postsynaptic cardiac MAO has little importance in the metabolism of serotonin administered exogenously.