RESUMO
Background: Lymphoma neoplasms originate from the lymphocytes. Anatomically, these tumors can be classified into multicentric, digestive, mediastinal, and cutaneous forms. The etiology of cutaneous lymphoma remains unclear; however, it has been associated with chronic skin inflammation. The definitive diagnosis is based on histological analysis and immunohistochemistry, although fine-needle aspiration cytology has shown good results. The aim of this paper is to describe the clinicopathological aspects of a case of cutaneous epitheliotropic T cell lymphoma, classified as mycosis fungoides, in a Lhasa Apso dog. Case: A 8-year-old bitch Lhasa Apso with multiple non-pruritic skin nodules and history of 10-day evolution was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Centro Universitário do Espírito Santo (UNESC), Colatina, ES, Brazil. The nodules were erythematous, exophytic, firm, circumscribed, and measured 0.2-4 cm in diameter in locations throughout the animal's body. An incisional biopsy was performed with an 8-mm punch and sent for histopathological examination. An infiltrative, poorly demarcated, non-encapsulated, densely cellular neoplasm, which was replacing the dermal collagen and displacing the adnexa, was observed in the dermis. The tumor was composed of a population of round cells, with generally distinct cell borders and a small-to-moderate amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm. The nuclei were irregularly rounded and occasionally edentulous, with vesicular chromatin, a visible nucleus, and 11 mitotic figures in an area of 2.37 mm2 . The immunohistochemical test, which was positive for the CD3 marker, confirmed the diagnosis of T cell lymphoma. On an ultrasound to identify metastasis, the liver showed heterogeneous parenchyma, heterogeneous expansive formation, areas of cavitary appearance, and cytology compatible with lymphoma. Antineoplastic chemotherapy was administered using the CHOP regimen (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone). However, the animal died after 45 days. Discussion: A diagnosis of the mycosis fungoides type of cutaneous epitheliotropic T cell lymphoma was established based on clinical, laboratory, anatomopathological, and immunohistochemical findings. Pruritus is a common clinical condition in animals with mycosis fungoides, particularly in those with the erythrodermic form of the disease. Epitheliotropic lymphomas have no sexual or racial predilections and usually affect dogs over 9 years of age. The Cocker Spaniel, English Bulldog, Boxer, Golden Retriever, Scottish Terrier, Briard, English Springer Spaniel, Beagle, German Shepherd, and English Cocker Spaniel breeds are frequently affected by these lymphomas. These neoplasms can have a primary skin origin, or they can be secondary and associated with lymphoma found elsewhere in the body. Chemotherapy is the treatment of choice, especially in cases with multifocal distribution. Protocol preference varies with disease stage, patient clinical and laboratory conditions, and the degree of toxicity. Commonly used chemotherapy regimens include L-CHOP (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, L-asparaginase, and prednisolone), CHOP, COP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone), LAP (lomustine, L-asparaginase, and prednisolone), LOPP (lomustine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisolone), chlorambucil, and prednisolone. The prognosis of canine epitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma is unfavorable, with a survival time ranging from a few months to 2 years. The animal in this study survived for 105 days. In addition, epitheliotropic cutaneous T cell lymphoma is aggressive, which may result in a shorter survival time in animals affected by this type of tumor.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Cães , Neoplasias Cutâneas/veterinária , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/veterinária , Micose Fungoide/veterinária , Epitélio/patologia , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterináriaRESUMO
Background: Brazil is the largest coffee (Coffea canephora and Coffea arabica) producer in the world, and Espírito Santostate is the second largest national producer of this commodity. Caffeine poisoning has been described in several animal andhuman species and is generally associated with accidental and/or intentional ingestion of caffeine-containing products. Inhorses, there are few reports in the literature about coffee poisoning, and most animals show clinical signs of excitability,involuntary muscle tremors, and chewing movements. Therefore, the objectives of the present study are to describe theclinical and epidemiological aspects of coffee (Coffea canephora) poisoning in horses in northern Espírito Santo, Brazil.Cases: Two horses from northern Espírito Santo presented with clinical signs of excessive sweating, reluctance to enterthe trailer, muscle tremors, aggression, incoordination, constant tremors of the lips and tongue, chewing movements, andfalling. Clinical signs began after the animals were confined in stalls containing coffee husk (Coffea canephora) for atleast one week. After three days in the stall, the horse began to show clinical signs characterized by excessive sweating,reluctance to enter the trailer, aggression, and incoordination. On physical examination, there was marked dehydration,tachycardia (120 bpm), tachypnea (80 mpm) and a body temperature of 39.1ºC. In addition, the animal had cecum andventral colon hypomotility. The horse was treated as soon as it was admitted to the hospital with a 10 ml / h intravenousdrip of Ringer lactate solution; 100 ml intravenous mercepton every 24 hours; 10 ml intramuscular vitamin B1 every 24hours, and 1.1 ml intravenous acepromazine 1%; when it showed increased excitability, it was treated for neurological signsand recovered four days after admission. The second animal was a three-year-old female Mangalarga Marchador horse,weighing 280 kg. The animal was confined...(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cavalos , Intoxicação por Plantas/epidemiologia , Intoxicação por Plantas/veterinária , Coffea/toxicidade , Brasil , AdenosinaRESUMO
Background: Brazil is the largest coffee (Coffea canephora and Coffea arabica) producer in the world, and Espírito Santostate is the second largest national producer of this commodity. Caffeine poisoning has been described in several animal andhuman species and is generally associated with accidental and/or intentional ingestion of caffeine-containing products. Inhorses, there are few reports in the literature about coffee poisoning, and most animals show clinical signs of excitability,involuntary muscle tremors, and chewing movements. Therefore, the objectives of the present study are to describe theclinical and epidemiological aspects of coffee (Coffea canephora) poisoning in horses in northern Espírito Santo, Brazil.Cases: Two horses from northern Espírito Santo presented with clinical signs of excessive sweating, reluctance to enterthe trailer, muscle tremors, aggression, incoordination, constant tremors of the lips and tongue, chewing movements, andfalling. Clinical signs began after the animals were confined in stalls containing coffee husk (Coffea canephora) for atleast one week. After three days in the stall, the horse began to show clinical signs characterized by excessive sweating,reluctance to enter the trailer, aggression, and incoordination. On physical examination, there was marked dehydration,tachycardia (120 bpm), tachypnea (80 mpm) and a body temperature of 39.1ºC. In addition, the animal had cecum andventral colon hypomotility. The horse was treated as soon as it was admitted to the hospital with a 10 ml / h intravenousdrip of Ringer lactate solution; 100 ml intravenous mercepton every 24 hours; 10 ml intramuscular vitamin B1 every 24hours, and 1.1 ml intravenous acepromazine 1%; when it showed increased excitability, it was treated for neurological signsand recovered four days after admission. The second animal was a three-year-old female Mangalarga Marchador horse,weighing 280 kg. The animal was confined...