RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to assess the socioeconomic and demographic profiles of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of diabetic foot in a tertiary hospital in Belem-PA, Brazil, as well as to evaluate risk factors for lower limb amputations in such patients, classifying them according to the Wagner and PEDIS classifications. METHODS: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional, unicentric, and analytical study carried out through a structured questionnaire. RESULTS: the study consisted of 57 patients, aged between 48 and 84 years old, 66.7% being male. The average income ranged between one and three (61.4%) minimum wages and below one minimum wage (31.6%). Type II Diabetes Mellitus was predominant (86.0%). Concerning comorbidities, arterial hypertension displayed the highest proportion (62.3%), followed by dyslipidemia (52.8%). Smokers comprised 35.1% of the sample. Infectious diabetic foot (50.9%) and mixed diabetic foot (49.1%) were the most common. Of the 20 patients with previous amputation, 90% had undergone minor amputation, and 10%, major ones. Callosity (92.6%) was the most prevalent deformity. Fifty-four (94.7%) patients underwent surgery, those being debridement (24.1%), minor amputation (37.0%) and major amputation (38.9%). During hospitalization, 78.9% of individuals did not require ICU stay. Hospitalization time varied between three and 59 days, and 78.9% of hospitalized patients did not progress to death, but 43.1% of patients submitted to major amputations died. CONCLUSION: patients with diabetic foot followed-up have a low socioeconomic profile; most of them underwent surgical procedures, whether major or minor, due to the higher prevalence of infectious diabetic foot and/or non-adherence to non-operative treatment.
Assuntos
Amputação Cirúrgica/estatística & dados numéricos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Pé Diabético/cirurgia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Pé Diabético/epidemiologia , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Centros de Atenção TerciáriaRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the socioeconomic and demographic profiles of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of diabetic foot in a tertiary hospital in Belem-PA, Brazil, as well as to evaluate risk factors for lower limb amputations in such patients, classifying them according to the Wagner and PEDIS classifications. Methods: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional, unicentric, and analytical study carried out through a structured questionnaire. Results: the study consisted of 57 patients, aged between 48 and 84 years old, 66.7% being male. The average income ranged between one and three (61.4%) minimum wages and below one minimum wage (31.6%). Type II Diabetes Mellitus was predominant (86.0%). Concerning comorbidities, arterial hypertension displayed the highest proportion (62.3%), followed by dyslipidemia (52.8%). Smokers comprised 35.1% of the sample. Infectious diabetic foot (50.9%) and mixed diabetic foot (49.1%) were the most common. Of the 20 patients with previous amputation, 90% had undergone minor amputation, and 10%, major ones. Callosity (92.6%) was the most prevalent deformity. Fifty-four (94.7%) patients underwent surgery, those being debridement (24.1%), minor amputation (37.0%) and major amputation (38.9%). During hospitalization, 78.9% of individuals did not require ICU stay. Hospitalization time varied between three and 59 days, and 78.9% of hospitalized patients did not progress to death, but 43.1% of patients submitted to major amputations died. Conclusion: patients with diabetic foot followed-up have a low socioeconomic profile; most of them underwent surgical procedures, whether major or minor, due to the higher prevalence of infectious diabetic foot and/or non-adherence to non-operative treatment.
RESUMO Objetivo: traçar o perfil socioeconômico demográfico de pacientes internados com diagnóstico de pé diabético em um hospital terciário de Belém-PA, bem como avaliar os fatores de riscos para amputações de membros inferiores classificando-os de acordo com os critérios de Wagner e PEDIS. Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal, unicêntrico e analítico realizado mediante questionário estruturado com perguntas objetivas e com posterior análise estatística descritiva de pacientes diagnosticados com pé diabético em um hospital terciário de Belém-PA. Resultados: estudo foi composto por 57 pacientes, com idade variando entre 48 e 84 anos, sendo 66,7% masculino. A renda medida oscilou entre 01 a 03 salários. O Diabetes Mellitus do tipo II foi predominante (86,0%). HAS foi a doença associada mais prevalente (62,3%), seguida da Dislipidemia (52,8%). Havia 35,1% fumantes. O tipo mais comum de pé diabético foi o neuropático (59,6%), seguido pelo infeccioso (50,9%) e o misto (49,1%). O tempo de hospitalização variou entre 03 e 59 dias. 43,1% dos pacientes que foram submetidos a amputações maiores faleceram. Conclusão: a ocorrência de pé diabético foi maior nos pacientes do sexo masculino com mais de 50 anos de idade. Predominaram pacientes de baixa renda e com pouca escolaridade. A maioria dos pacientes foram acometidos por pé diabético do tipo II e padrão infeccioso e, que necessitaram de intervenção. A maioria dos pacientes foi admitido com classificações mais avançadas de Wagner e PEDIS, o que estava associado à altas taxas de amputações, impactando nos desfechos de mortalidade.