RESUMO
While about 40% of the South American Indian populations (Atacameños, Mapuche, Shuara) were found to be deficient in aldehyde dehydrogenase isozyme I (ALDH2 or E2), preliminary investigations showed very low incidence of isozyme deficiency among North American natives (Sioux, Navajo) and Mexican Indians (mestizo). Possible implications of such trait differences on cross-cultural behavioral response to alcohol drinking are discussed.
Assuntos
Aldeído Desidrogenase/genética , Indígenas Norte-Americanos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Isoenzimas/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Aldeído Desidrogenase/deficiência , Chile , Equador , Cabelo/enzimologia , Humanos , Isoenzimas/deficiência , México , New Mexico , North DakotaAssuntos
Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Morbidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Chile , Feminino , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Saúde PúblicaRESUMO
Phenotype and gene frequencies among Atacameño Indians are presented for nine serum protein polymorphisms (Hp, Gc with subtypes, Tf with subtypes, Amy, C3, Bf, PLG) and nine red-cell-enzyme polymorphisms (AcP, PGM1 with subtypes, AK, ADA, 6-PGD, GPT, EsD, GLO). Four systems--Tf, Amy, AK, ADA were found to be monomorphic. In the PGM1 subtypes an extremely high frequency of PGM1a3 could be observed. In two samples a new Gc mutant was identified and classified as Gc1A26. In the EsD system an unusual phenotype was detected in one sample.
Assuntos
Proteínas Sanguíneas/genética , Enzimas/genética , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Polimorfismo Genético , Adulto , Criança , Chile , Eritrócitos/enzimologia , Frequência do Gene , Marcadores Genéticos , Humanos , Mutação , FenótipoRESUMO
The present study reports the results of erythrocyte antigen typing for the following systems: ABO, MN, Rh, Kell, Duffy, and Diego in roughly 180 Atacameño Indians from the oasis of Toconao, northern Chile. A subsample was tested for variation at the histocompatibility loci A, B, and C. Results agree with previous findings based on smaller samples. Caucasian admixture of the Atacameño from Toconao was estimated to be 0.056 +/- 0.022.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Grupos Sanguíneos , Antígenos HLA/análise , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Chile , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
Aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, N-acetyltransferase variation and the polymorphisms of alpha 1-antitrypsin, serum cholinesterase, paraoxonase, and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase were investigated in 180 Atacameño Indians from the North of Chile. The genetic predisposition of these individuals for possible atypical reactions against environmental agents and drugs, as well as general implications of these findings, are discussed.
Assuntos
Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Isoenzimas/genética , Aldeído Oxirredutases/deficiência , Aldeído Oxirredutases/genética , Arildialquilfosfatase , Chile , Colinesterases/sangue , Colinesterases/genética , Frequência do Gene , Humanos , Isoenzimas/deficiência , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolases/genética , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/genética , alfa 1-Antitripsina/genéticaAssuntos
Cadeias Pesadas de Imunoglobulinas/genética , Cadeias Leves de Imunoglobulina/genética , Cadeias kappa de Imunoglobulina/genética , Afeganistão , Equador , Egito , Frequência do Gene , Humanos , Cadeias Pesadas de Imunoglobulinas/análise , Cadeias kappa de Imunoglobulina/análise , Fenótipo , Arábia SauditaAssuntos
alfa 1-Antitripsina/genética , Camarões , Equador , Frequência do Gene , Alemanha Ocidental , Humanos , Focalização Isoelétrica , Fenótipo , Arábia SauditaAssuntos
Alótipos de Imunoglobulina/análise , Afeganistão , Equador , Egito , Frequência do Gene , Genética Populacional , Humanos , Arábia SauditaRESUMO
Population genetic studies of Shuara Indians in Ecuador are performed for GPT, AP, PGM1, Ak, EsD, 6-PGD, Hp, Gc, C3, Bg, ChE, Tf, Pi, Bf phenotypes, IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C3-proactivator, C4 levels and acetylator phenotypes. Some systems having a polymorphism in many other populations showed a lack of some of those alleles in the population under study (C3, ChE, Tf, AK and almost absent 6-PGD, Bg, Bf).