RESUMO
The objectives of the study described in this article were to evaluate the variation and transport of fungal and bacterial concentrations in the air of a northern Mexico dairy cattle confined animal feeding operation (CAFO) and to determine the concentration and incidence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Two-stage viable cascade impactors were used to measure the culturable airborne fungal organisms and bacteria. S. aureus resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, or cefaclor was identified. Samples were collected at three locations that were designated as on site, upwind of the cattle, and downwind of the cattle. The highest concentrations of culturable bacterial bioaerosols were consistently recovered from the on-site location. More than half of the organisms were antibiotic resistant at the on-site location. Elevated levels of culturable bacterial bioaerosols were recovered from the upwind site that may have been associated with the surrounding community. Bioaerosol concentrations were found in higher amounts than in a facility in the southwestern U.S. examined in the authors' previous study. The urban setting of the CAFO resulted in a higher potential for immediate community exposures.
Assuntos
Microbiologia do Ar , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Indústria de Laticínios , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Bovinos , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Feminino , Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , México , Sudoeste dos Estados UnidosRESUMO
Piped water is available in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico, but residual disinfectant is not reliably found in the public drinking water supply. Lack of confidence in the public supply leads many residents to rely on bottled water. To provide consistent disinfection, two health clinics were equipped with ultraviolet disinfection systems, and neighboring households were encouraged to obtain their drinking water from the treatment systems. Use of the treated water declined from 62% of self-selected study participants at the time of the first visit to 40% at the second visit. During the first visit, diarrhea prevalence was similar among households using treated water and other water sources yet diarrhea prevalence was higher among households using the treated water during the second visit. Microbiological quality of the treated water in the homes was not demonstrably superior to that of other sources.