RESUMO
The pandemic caused by COVID-19 in the world, in its different periods, produced many changes in sleep and in various areas of mental health. Objectives: To evaluate and to compare sleep quality and aspects of mental health during two different periods of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to analyze some changes in habits/behaviors. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, through an anonymous survey. Demographic information, sleep quality, depressive and anxiety symptoms were analyzed. Of the total, 998 surveys were selected. The survey focused on 2 time periods, from March to July 2020 and from March to July 2021. Results: When sleep quality was compared during the 2020 versus 2021 periods, the percentage of poor sleepers went from 51% to 59% in the second period. Regarding depressive symptoms, it went from 21.1 to 16.3% and the percentage of anxiety symptoms went from 59.5 to 47.6%. Poor sleep quality affected more people in 2021 compared to 2020. The percentage of participants with symptoms of anxiety and depression decreased in 2021. People changed some habits/behaviors, such as: changing routine schedules, acquiring pets, sharing their dreams more, and remembering them more frequently. This article contributes to knowing various aspects of sleep, mood swings and changes in habits/behaviors that occurred during the pandemic in Argentina.
La pandemia provocada por COVID-19 en el mundo, en sus diferentes períodos, produjo muchos cambios en el sueño y en diversas áreas de la salud mental. Objetivos: Evaluar y comparar calidad de sueño y aspectos de la salud mental durante dos períodos diferentes de la pandemia por COVID-19, como así también analizar algunos cambios en hábitos/conductas. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, a través de una encuesta anónima de la que participaron 998 personas. La misma se realizó en dos períodos de tiempo. El primer período comprendió de marzo a julio de 2020, el segundo período abarcó de marzo a julio 2021. El análisis consideró: información demográfica, calidad del sueño, síntomas depresivos y de ansiedad. Resultados: Al comparar la calidad de sueño durante los períodos 2020 versus el 2021, el porcentaje de malos dormidores pasó del el 51% al 59% en el segundo período. En cuanto a los síntomas depresivos pasó del 21,1 al 16,3% y el porcentaje de síntomas de ansiedad pasó del 59,5 al 47,6%. La mala calidad del sueño afectó a un número mayor de personas en el 2021 que en el 2020 mientras que el porcentaje de participantes con síntomas de ansiedad y de depresión disminuyó en el año 2021. En la segunda fase de la encuesta las personas modificaron algunos hábitos/conductas como ser: cambiaron horarios de rutina, adquirieron mascotas, compartieron más sus sueños y recordaban con mayor frecuencia los mismos. Este artículo contribuye a conocer diversos aspectos del sueño, los cambios de humor y modificaciones de hábitos/conductas que ocurrieron durante la pandemia en Argentina.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Argentina , Hábitos , Humanos , Pandemias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Qualidade do SonoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: At the end of 2019 the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak spread around the globe with a late arrival to South America. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the long period of mandatory social isolation that took place in Argentina on the general psychological well-being of healthcare workers due to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A survey was conducted during June 2020, in healthcare workers. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Sleepiness-Wakefulness Inability and Fatigue Test, and Goldberg depression and anxiety scale, were used to analyze the effects of the SARS-Cov 2 outbreak after three months of mandatory social isolation. Analyses were performed by logistic regression and a clustering algorithm in order to classify subjects in the function of their outcome's severity. RESULTS: From 1059 surveys, the majority reported symptoms of depression (81.0%), anxiety (76.5%), poor sleep quality (84.7%), and insomnia (73.7%) with 58.9% suffering from nightmares. Logistic regression showed that being in contact with COVID-19 patients, age, gender and the consumption of sleep medication during the mandatory social isolation were relevant predictors for insomnia, anxiety, and depression. Clustering analysis classified healthcare workers in three groups with healthy/mild, moderate, and severe outcomes. The most vulnerable group was composed mainly of younger people, female, non-medical staff, or physicians in training. CONCLUSION: An extremely high proportion of Argentinian healthcare workers suffered from sleep problems, anxiety, and depression symptoms. The clustering algorithm successfully separates vulnerable from non-vulnerable populations suggesting the need to carry out future studies involving resilience and vulnerability factors.