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1.
World J Gastrointest Endosc ; 6(7): 304-11, 2014 Jul 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25031789

RESUMO

AIM: To analyze the effect of bipolar electrocoagulation and argon plasma coagulation on fresh specimens of gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: An experimental evaluation was performed at Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo, on 31 fresh surgical specimens using argon plasma coagulation and bipolar electrocoagulation at different time intervals. The depth of tissue damage was histopathologically analyzed by single senior pathologist unaware of the coagulation method and power setting applied. To analyze the results, the mucosa was divided in superficial mucosa (epithelial layer of the esophagus and superficial portion of the glandular layer of the stomach and colon) intermediate mucosa (until the lamina propria of the esophagus and until the bottom of the glandular layer of the stomach and colon) and muscularis mucosa. Necrosis involvement of the layers was compared in several combinations of power and time interval. RESULTS: Involvement of the intermediate mucosa of the stomach and of the muscularis mucosa of the three organs was more frequent when higher amounts of energy were used with argon plasma. In the esophagus and in the colon, injury of the intermediate mucosa was frequent, even when small amounts of energy were used. The use of bipolar electrocoagulation resulted in more frequent involvement of the intermediate mucosa and of the muscularis mucosa of the esophagus and of the colon when higher amounts of energy were used. In the stomach, these involvements were rare. The risk of injury of the muscularis propria was significant only in the colon when argon plasma coagulation was employed. CONCLUSION: Tissue damage after argon plasma coagulation is deeper than bipolar electrocoagulation. Both of them depend on the amount of energy used.

2.
Clinics (Sao Paulo) ; 64(6): 499-504, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19578652

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Esophageal cancer staging has been performed through bronchoscopy, computerized tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). Whereas CT and PET scan provide assessments of distant metastasis, bronchoscopy importantly diagnoses tracheobronchial involvement, complementing chest CT findings. EUS is the most accurate examination for T and N staging but is technically limited when tumoral stenoses cannot be traversed. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) appears to present greater accuracy than EUS, CT, and bronchoscopy for assessing tracheobronchial wall involvement. EBUS has been recently associated with EUS for esophageal cancer staging in our unit. OBJECTIVE: To compare EBUS findings in esophageal cancer patients without evident signs of tracheobronchial invasion on conventional bronchoscopy with EUS and CT. METHODS: Fourteen patients with esophageal cancer underwent CT, conventional bronchoscopy, EUS, and EBUS for preoperative staging. All patients underwent EBUS and EUS with an Olympus(R) MH-908 echoendoscope at 7.5 MHz. Seven patients were eligible for the study according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The echoendoscope could not traverse tumoral esophageal stenosis to perform EUS in two patients, and invasion was effectively diagnosed by EBUS. In 4 (57%) of 7 patients EBUS revealed additional information to staging. In the remaining 3 cases the invasion findings were the same under both EUS and EBUS. CONCLUSION: EBUS showed signs of tracheobronchial invasion not observed by conventional bronchoscopy, adding information to staging in most of the cases when compared with CT and EUS.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Brônquicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Broncoscopia/métodos , Carcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Endossonografia/métodos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Traqueia/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Brônquicas/patologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Traqueia/patologia
3.
Clinics ; Clinics;64(6): 499-504, June 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-517919

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Esophageal cancer staging has been performed through bronchoscopy, computerized tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). Whereas CT and PET scan provide assessments of distant metastasis, bronchoscopy importantly diagnoses tracheobronchial involvement, complementing chest CT findings. EUS is the most accurate examination for T and N staging but is technically limited when tumoral stenoses cannot be traversed. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) appears to present greater accuracy than EUS, CT, and bronchoscopy for assessing tracheobronchial wall involvement. EBUS has been recently associated with EUS for esophageal cancer staging in our unit. OBJECTIVE: To compare EBUS findings in esophageal cancer patients without evident signs of tracheobronchial invasion on conventional bronchoscopy with EUS and CT. METHODS: Fourteen patients with esophageal cancer underwent CT, conventional bronchoscopy, EUS, and EBUS for preoperative staging. All patients underwent EBUS and EUS with an Olympus® MH-908 echoendoscope at 7.5 MHz. Seven patients were eligible for the study according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The echoendoscope could not traverse tumoral esophageal stenosis to perform EUS in two patients, and invasion was effectively diagnosed by EBUS. In 4 (57%) of 7 patients EBUS revealed additional information to staging. In the remaining 3 cases the invasion findings were the same under both EUS and EBUS. CONCLUSION: EBUS showed signs of tracheobronchial invasion not observed by conventional bronchoscopy, adding information to staging in most of the cases when compared with CT and EUS.


Assuntos
Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Brônquicas , Broncoscopia/métodos , Carcinoma , Endossonografia/métodos , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Traqueia , Neoplasias Brônquicas/patologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Invasividade Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Traqueia/patologia
4.
Arq Gastroenterol ; 45(3): 208-11, 2008.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18852948

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is one of the most commonly performed bariatric surgeries in Brazil. Gastric leaks are relatively uncommon and potentially dangerous complications. The initial management of gastric leaks consists in adequate drainage, nutritional support, antibiotics and acid suppression. In almost 30% of the cases the fistula will become chronic. AIM: A novel peroral endoscopic treatment of gastric leaks in Roux-en-Y gastric bypassed patients is presented. METHODS: An acellular biomaterial was endoscopically placed in the fistulous orifice in order to promote healing and avoid surgery in 25 patients. The time between fistula diagnosis and endoscopic treatment varied from 4 to 25 weeks (median: 7 weeks). RESULTS: Endoscopic treatment was successful in 20 (80%) patients. Fistula closure was obtained after one, two and three sessions in 6 (30%), 11 (55%) and 3 (15%) patients, respectively. No procedure related complications were observed. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic repair of gastric leak after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass by using an acellular biomaterial is safe and effective. However two or three endoscopic sessions are usually needed.


Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/métodos , Derivação Gástrica/efeitos adversos , Fístula Gástrica/cirurgia , Adulto , Feminino , Fístula Gástrica/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
Arq. gastroenterol ; Arq. gastroenterol;45(3): 208-211, jul.-set. 2008. ilus
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-494328

RESUMO

RACIONAL: A gastroplastia redutora à Capella, que combina técnicas restritiva e disabsortiva, é o procedimento bariátrico mais realizado no Brasil. Uma das complicações mais temidas desta operação é a fístula gastrocutânea que ocorre na linha de grampeamento vertical da neocâmara. O tratamento inicial consiste em drenagem adequada, suporte nutricional, bloqueio da produção de ácido e antibioticoterapia. Em 20 por cento a 30 por cento dos casos, a fístula tomará curso crônico. Nestes casos, vários tratamentos endoscópicos têm sido sugeridos. OBJETIVO: Descrever a técnica e os resultados do tratamento endoscópico das fístulas gastrocutâneas decorrentes de operações bariátricas através da aplicação de matriz acelular fibrogênica. MÉTODOS: Nesta série de casos, descrevem-se 25 pacientes com esta complicação tratados de maneira pioneira através da aplicação endoscópica de matriz acelular fibrogênica. O tempo entre o diagnóstico da fístula e a primeira sessão do tratamento endoscópico variou de 4 a 25 semanas, mediana: 7 semanas). RESULTADOS: Dos 25 pacientes, 20 (80 por cento) tiveram a fístula fechada pelo método. Seis deles com uma única sessão (30,0 por cento), 11 necessitaram de duas aplicações (55,0 por cento) e 3 pacientes, de uma terceira sessão (15,0 por cento) para a obliteração do trajeto fistuloso. Não houve complicações relacionadas ao procedimento. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de matriz fibrogênica para o tratamento endoscópico da fístula gástrica após operação de Capella é método seguro e eficaz, sendo sua principal limitação o número de sessões necessárias.


BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is one of the most commonly performed bariatric surgeries in Brazil. Gastric leaks are relatively uncommon and potentially dangerous complications. The initial management of gastric leaks consists in adequate drainage, nutritional support, antibiotics and acid suppression. In almost 30 percent of the cases the fistula will become chronic. AIM: A novel peroral endoscopic treatment of gastric leaks in Roux-en-Y gastric bypassed patients is presented. METHODS: An acellular biomaterial was endocopically placed in the fistulous orifice in order to promote healing and avoid surgery in 25 patients. The time between fistula diagnosis and endoscopic treatment varied from 4 to 25 weeks (median: 7 weeks). RESULTS: Endoscopic treatment was successful in 20 (80 percent) patients. Fistula closure was obtained after one, two and three sessions in 6 (30 percent), 11 (55 percent) and 3 (15 percent) patients, respectively. No procedure related complications were observed. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic repair of gastric leak after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass by using an acellular biomaterial is safe and effective. However two or three endoscopic sessions are usually needed.


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/métodos , Derivação Gástrica/efeitos adversos , Fístula Gástrica/cirurgia , Fístula Gástrica/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento
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