Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Encéfalo/parasitologia , Sarcocystis/classificação , Sarcocistose/veterinária , Animais , Aves , Encefalopatias/parasitologia , Encefalopatias/patologia , Encefalopatias/veterinária , Cistos/parasitologia , Cistos/patologia , Cistos/veterinária , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Masculino , Panamá , Sarcocystis/anatomia & histologia , Sarcocistose/patologia , TailândiaRESUMO
The origin of leishmaniasis in the New World is discussed, and the numerous forms of the disease are briefly described. The epidemological pattern of American leishmaniasis is clearly that of a zoonosis in various stages of development. Nine geographical types of cutaneous leishmaniasis are recognized, and probably others exist also; the visceral disease is of the well known Mediterranean type and of a uniform type throughout the Americas. The prevalence of human infection in the different regions is discussed with particular reference to the animal reservoirs. Disturbances of the terrain for agricultural development, road construction, etc., lead to epidemics and there is some evidence that the disease is now spreading in Latin America.
Assuntos
Leishmaniose Mucocutânea/epidemiologia , Animais , América Central , Reservatórios de Doenças , Humanos , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , América do Sul , ZoonosesAssuntos
Medicina Tropical , África , Amebíase/epidemiologia , Animais , América Central , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , Crustáceos , Culicidae , Humanos , Leishmaniose/epidemiologia , Malária/epidemiologia , América do Norte , Oncocercose/epidemiologia , Parasitologia , Roedores , América do Sul , Febre Amarela/epidemiologia , ZoonosesRESUMO
The observations described in this paper were carried out between 6 September and 15 October 1963, except where otherwise indicated. The country around El Cayo has been described by Garnham and Lewis (1959) and may be roughly divided into high bush, medium bush, low bush and more or less cleared land. They regarded Leishmania mexicana in British Honduras, but the work of Lainson and Strangways-Dixon (1963) and other observation mentioned in this paper point to the possible importance of relatively sparse low vegetation, which covers much more of the country than before the 1961 hurricane. This has had a profound effect on ecology through initial destruction of plants and animals by wind, torrential rains and floods, followed by fire, shortage of food, and partial disappearance of the forest canopy which led to an increase in undergrowth (AU)