RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent among older adults. Concurrent training comprises muscle strengthening and aerobic exercise. OBJECTIVE: Determine the effects of a concurrent training program on muscle strength, walking function, metabolic profile, cardiovascular risk, use of medications and quality of life among older adults with metabolic syndrome. METHODS: A randomised, controlled, blind, clinical trial was conducted in the city of Santos, state of São Paulo, Brazil, involving 41 male and female older adults. The participants were randomly allocated to a control group (nâ¯=â¯18) and intervention group (nâ¯=â¯23) and were submitted to the following evaluations: strength - 1 maximum repetition (1MR) for 12 muscle groups; the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT); blood concentrations of cholesterol and glucose; the use of medications; and the administration of the SF-36 questionnaire. The intervention was conducted twice a week over a total of 24 sessions of concurrent training: 50â¯min of strength exercises (40-70% 1MR) and 40â¯min of walking exercises (70-85% maximum heart rate). RESULTS: Increases in muscle strength were found in the upper and lower limbs in the inter-group analysis and a greater distance travelled on the 6MWT was found in the intervention group (pâ¯=â¯0.001). The intervention group demonstrated a reduction in the consumption of biguanides (pâ¯=â¯0.002). No changes were found regarding metabolic profile, cardiovascular risk or self-perceived quality of life. CONCLUSION: The findings of this clinical trial can be used for the prescription of concurrent training for older adults with metabolic syndrome for gains in muscle strength and walking distance as well as a reduction in the use of biguanides.
Assuntos
Terapia por Exercício , Síndrome Metabólica/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Metabólica/terapia , Força Muscular/fisiologia , Treinamento Resistido , Idoso , Biguanidas/uso terapêutico , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Teste de CaminhadaRESUMO
The long-term effects of comfort food in an anxiogenic model of stress have yet to be analyzed. Here, we evaluated behavioral, endocrine and metabolic parameters in rats submitted or not to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), with access to commercial chow alone or to commercial chow and comfort food. Stress did not alter the preference for comfort food but decreased food intake. In the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test, stressed rats were less likely to enter/remain in the open arms, as well as being more likely to enter/remain in the closed arms, than were control rats, both conditions being more pronounced in the rats given access to comfort food. In the open field test, stress decreased the time spent in the centre, independent of diet; neither stress nor diet affected the number of crossing, rearing or grooming episodes. The stress-induced increase in serum corticosterone was attenuated in rats given access to comfort food. Serum concentration of triglycerides were unaffected by stress or diet, although access to comfort food increased total cholesterol and glucose. It is concluded that CUMS has an anorexigenic effect. Chronic stress and comfort food ingestion induced an anxiogenic profile although comfort food attenuated the endocrine stress response. The present data indicate that the combination of stress and access to comfort food, common aspects of modern life, may constitute a link among stress, feeding behavior and anxiety.
Assuntos
Transtornos de Ansiedade/etiologia , Apetite/fisiologia , Comportamento Animal , Corticosterona/sangue , Estresse Psicológico/fisiopatologia , Animais , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Ingestão de Alimentos/fisiologia , Emoções , Preferências Alimentares/psicologia , Asseio Animal , Masculino , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/fisiologia , Ratos WistarRESUMO
There is as yet no effective treatment for endometriosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of submitting women with endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain to a therapeutic protocol involving physical and psychological therapy. Twenty-six female volunteers were submitted to a treatment protocol consisting of 2.5-h sessions, once a week for 10 weeks. We applied a Visual Analogue Scale, the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Morning, afternoon, and evening levels of cortisol were determined in saliva samples. The PSQ scores were significantly lower after treatment, whereas the scores for the SF-36 vitality and physical functioning domains were significantly higher. Salivary cortisol levels were higher after treatment in the samples collected in the morning, but not in those collected in the afternoon or evening. The post-treatment cortisol levels were similar to those reported for healthy women. There were positive correlations between vitality, role emotional, social functioning, and mental health, and negative correlations to perceived stress. In conclusion, the physical and psychological intervention protocol applied in this study to women suffering of endometriosis was effective in reducing perceived stress, normalizing cortisol levels, increasing vitality and improving physical functioning.
Assuntos
Endometriose/metabolismo , Endometriose/terapia , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Hidrocortisona/metabolismo , Aptidão Física , Saúde da Mulher , Adulto , Brasil , Terapia Combinada , Endometriose/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The aim of this study was to examine salivary cortisol and testosterone concentrations in professional male athletes during a short triathlon competition using non-invasive methods, and to determine whether these hormone concentrations could be accurate predictors of performance. Eight adult male athletes (age, mean ± SEM: 27.8 ± 3.2 years; body mass index: 21.66 ± 0.42) in a professional triathlon team volunteered to participate in this study. Saliva samples were taken on the competition day and 7 days after competition on a rest day. The performance of the athletes was assessed by their rank order in the competition. Salivary cortisol concentrations were greater on the competition day than on the rest day in the early morning, immediately after waking up, 30 min later, immediately before the start of the competition, and later in the evening. Testosterone concentrations were greater on the competition day in the morning and in the evening. The diurnal rhythm of both cortisol and testosterone concentrations was maintained on both days and the testosterone/cortisol ratio (T/C ratio) was similar between days. The performance of the athletes was positively correlated with salivary cortisol concentration in the early morning of the competition day, but was not correlated with testosterone concentrations at any of the time points. In conclusion, early morning salivary cortisol concentration, but not T/C ratio, could be used to predict performance in athletes during a professional triathlon competition.
Assuntos
Hidrocortisona/análise , Resistência Física/fisiologia , Saliva/química , Testosterona/análise , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Sistema Hipófise-Suprarrenal/fisiologia , Saliva/metabolismoRESUMO
Com o objetivo de caracterizar a ocorrência de anemia ferropriva, 359 crianças de 0 a 24 meses de idade foram estudadas a partir de dados clínicos, bioquímicos, dietéticos e terapêuticos disponíveis em seus prontuários. Encontrou-se uma prevalência de 13% de sintomas de anemia, estimaçäo de 12% de prevalência de anemia e 11% de anemia ferrpriva. Observou-se associaçäo positiva entre sinais e sintomas de anemia e desnutriçäo. Análise referente à relaçäo da anemia com tempo de amamentaçäo e tratamento foi prejudicada pela falta de dados nos prontuários das crianças