RESUMO
The acute effects of short-term glutamate administration on the number of antral follicles and ovulation rate were examined in adult goats. Neither live weight (44.5±1.3 kg) nor body condition (3.3±0.8 units) differed between the control (untreated) and glutamate-treated (0.175 mg/kg) animals (p>0.05). However, the number of antral follicles (3.4 vs. 2.1, p=0.05) and ovulation rate (2.5 vs. 1.5, p=0.05) was higher in the glutamate-administered group than in the controls.
Assuntos
Ácido Glutâmico/farmacologia , Cabras/fisiologia , Folículo Ovariano/efeitos dos fármacos , Ovulação/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Constituição Corporal/fisiologia , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Cruzamento/métodos , Feminino , Ácido Glutâmico/administração & dosagem , Análise dos Mínimos Quadrados , MéxicoRESUMO
Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar sistemas productivos lecheros de la comuna de Vilcún, provincia de Cautín, IX Región, Chile, relacionando variables cualitativas y cuantitativas aplicando para ello análisis estadístico multivariado de correspondencia simple. Se encuestaron 24 fincas lecheras: 11 consideradas pequeñas, 7 medianas y 6 grandes productores lecheros. Los resultados generales muestran que los productores grandes tienen mayor superficie de hectáreas dedicadas a la lechería, mayor número de días de lactancias de sus vacas y una producción promedio de 14 L vaca día -1, en comparación con 9 L vaca día -1 de los medianos y pequeños productores. Por otro lado, el análisis multivariado de correspondencia simple muestra asociación entre el nivel educacional de los productores y la cantidad de leche producida. Es así que los productores grandes poseen un título profesional de nivel superior técnico o de ingeniero. Así mismo, el nivel de escolaridad de los ordeñadores es básico completo para los productores grandes y básico completo e incompleto para los pequeños y medianos productores. Los productores que realizan dos ordeños/día tienen mayor producción total de leche, y la terapia de secado se lleva a cabo más en productores grandes y medianos que en los pequeños. El uso de estanque de frío es de uso permanente en los productores con mayor volumen productivo. Finalmente, los grandes productores usan registros reproductivos asociándose esto a sus altas producciones. En el aspecto sanitario se observa que los productores con mayor antigüedad en el rubro lechero tienen menos problemas de mastitis en su rebaño.
The objective of this study was to characterize dairy productive systems of Vilcún commune, Cautín province, the IXth Region, Chile, linking qualitative and quantitative variables using statistical multivariate analysis of simple correspondence. 24 dairy farms were analyzed: 11 considered small size, 7 medium ones and 6 big dairy producers. The general results show that the big producers have a larger surface of hectares dedicated to the dairy, more days of lactation and an average production of 14 L per day, in comparison with 9 L of the medium and small producers. The multivariable analysis of simple correspondence shows association between the educational level of the dairy producers and the quantity of produced milk. Thus, big producers have possess a professional title of degree senior technician or engineer. On the other hand, the level of education of the milkers was at least secondary level for the big producers and basic complete and incomplete for the small and medium producers. Likewise, the producers who carry out twice-daily milking have bigger total production of milk, and the drying therapy is carried out more in big and medium producers than in the small ones. The use of cooling tank is of permanent use in the producers with a greater productive volume. Finally, the big producers used a reproductive records which are associated with their high productions. About the sanitary aspect was observed that the producers with more seniority in the business have fewer mastitis problems in their herd.