RESUMO
Obesity in children and adolescents has increased exponentially around the world. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a higher pediatric obesity rate. The excess adipose tissue generates a dysregulation of adiponectin, ghrelin, and leptin, among others. Metabolic alterations can develop cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemias, arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, sleep disorders, and higher risk of COVID-19 severity. Obesity has different therapeutic approaches such as behavioral weight loss programs, pharmacologic treatments, and surgical procedures. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment are important to decrease the mortality in obesity among pediatric population.
La obesidad en niños y adolescentes ha aumentado exponencialmente en todo el mundo. Asimismo, la pandemia del coronavirus (COVID-19) ha conducido a una mayor tasa de obesidad pediátrica. El exceso de tejido adiposo genera una desregulación de hormonas como adiponectina, ghrelina y leptina, entre otras. Las alteraciones metabólicas pueden ocasionar enfermedad cardiovascular, dislipidemias, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico, trastornos del sueño y mayor riesgo de COVID-19 severo. La obesidad tiene diferentes enfoques terapéuticos, como programas conductuales de pérdida de peso, tratamientos farmacológicos y procedimientos quirúrgicos. De esta manera, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento oportuno es importante para disminuir la mortalidad asociada a la obesidad en la población pediátrica.
RESUMO
Acute pancreatitis is a rare condition in pregnancy, associated with a high mortality rate. Hypertriglyceridemia represents its second most common cause. We present the case of a 38-year-old woman in the 24th week of gestation with a history of hypertriglyceridemia and recurrent episodes of pancreatitis. She was admitted to our hospital with acute pancreatitis due to severe hypertriglyceridemia. She was stabilized and treated with fibrates. Despite her favorable clinical course, she developed a second episode of acute pancreatitis complicated by multi-organ dysfunction and pancreatic necrosis, requiring a necrosectomy. The pregnancy was ended by cesarean section, after which three plasmapheresis sessions were performed. She is currently asymptomatic with stable triglyceride levels. Acute pancreatitis due to hypertriglyceridemia represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in pregnant women, associated with serious maternal and fetal complications. When primary hypertriglyceridemia is suspected, such as familial chylomicronemia syndrome, the most important objective is preventing the onset of pancreatitis.