RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Jatropha curcas (jatropha) is an oil crop cultivated in (sub)tropical regions around the world, and holds great promise as a renewable energy source. However, efforts to fully commercialize jatropha are currently hampered by the lack of genetic diversity in the extant breeding germplasm, and by the toxicity of its seeds meaning that its seed cake cannot be used as a protein source in animal feed, among other constraints. In Mexico, the species' native range, there are jatropha plants whose seeds are used to prepare traditional meals. This non-toxic jatropha 'type' is considered to harbour low genetic variation due to a presumed domestication bottleneck and therefore to be of limited breeding value; yet, very little is known regarding its origin and genetic diversity. METHODS: Using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), we extensively genotyped both indigenous toxic and non-toxic jatropha collected along roads and home gardens throughout southern Mexico. KEY RESULTS: Single nucleotide polymorphism diversity in non-toxic jatropha is relatively high, particularly in northern Veracruz state, the probable origin of this germplasm. Genetic differences between toxic and non-toxic indigenous genotypes are overall quite small. A a genome-wide association study supported a genomic region (on LG 8, scaffold NW_012130064), probably involved in the suppression of seed toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: Conservation actions are urgently needed to preserve this non-toxic indigenous, relatively wild germplasm, having potential as a fuel feedstock, animal feed and food source among other uses. More generally, this work demonstrates the value of conservation genomic research on the indigenous gene pool of economically important plant species.
Assuntos
Jatropha , Biocombustíveis , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , México , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , SementesRESUMO
The present design is a descriptive study in which people bitten by animals, rabies treatment used and the reactions to it are described. The frequency of adverse effects to the vaccine and to the serum are pointed out. The forms of clinical presentation and the clinical symptoms of the reactions observed in the Ciego de Avila province, Cuba, in the period from 1981 to 2001, were evaluated. In this period prevailed the reactions to the heterologous serum and the reactions caused by the human rabies vaccine. Local reactions to the vaccine were more common than the systemic ones. Four neuroparalytic reactions produced by the vaccines were observed. The most frequent symptoms and signs of the patients with reaction to the vaccine were pruritus, rash, localized urticaria, papule in the point of injection and local pain. The clinical manifestations considered as reactions to the heterologous serum that prevailed in the patients were rash in gluteal regions, pruritus, local erythyema and fever. No patient was detected with neurological manifestations caused by the heterologous serum.
Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/etiologia , Vacina Antirrábica/efeitos adversos , Raiva/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Mordeduras e Picadas/complicações , Cuba/epidemiologia , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Raiva/epidemiologia , Vacina Antirrábica/administração & dosagemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Ewing s sarcoma (ES) is a tumorous process that is found mainly in long bones and the pelvis, but its primary location is not often the intracranial zone. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 5 year old patient who visited surgery 30 days before hospital admission with increased volume of the left mastoid bone, torticollis, balance disorders and discoordinated movements. A computerised tomography brain scan confirmed our suspicions of a tumorous lesion that was destroying the left mastoid bone, and was invading the projection of the left hemispherium cerebri and edges of the brain stem (mid brain). The patient was submitted to surgery and a partial excision was performed. A month later, another operation was carried out and the patient died after several days in the intensive care unit from serious respiratory complications. CONCLUSIONS: The tumour marker CD 99 is specifically used to diagnose ES. We think that, when faced with a patient suffering from ES, conduct must always be aggressive, with early surgery and, later, adjuvant therapy.