RESUMO
Macamides, amides of fatty acids first isolated from maca (Lepidium meyenii) are potentially responsible for the reduction of ischemic injury in the stroke animal model followed by maca extract administration. This deduction comes from its ability to inhibit the fatty acid amide hydrolase activity, an enzyme related to the endocannabinoid anandamide hydrolysis. However, no study about the effects of isolated macamides on in-vivo models has been published yet. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of a 10-day 30 mg/kg i.p. MCH1 administration, the macamide with the higher FAAH inhibition capability, on the neurological recovery and brain infarction area of Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Our results showed that the group receiving MCH1 for 10 days did not improve Garcia's neurological score compared to receiving the vehicle only. Likewise, the MCH1 group did not improve their sensorimotor dysfunction as indicated by the latency to detect and remove the tape from the contralateral forepaw in the adhesive removal test, and a similar number of errors with the contralateral forepaw in the foot fault test compared to the vehicle group at the 10th day. Evaluation of the spatial memory and learning using the Barnes test showed longer latency to reach the escape box in the Vehicle and MCH1 groups compared to the control group (no MCAO) only in the retrieval test, while no effect of MCAO procedure or MCH1 administration was observed in the reversal learning test. Despite the lack of behavioral effect of MCH1, analysis of the infarcted areas in the brain using the 2, 3, 5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method in the seven consecutive coronal sections revealed that the infarcted area in the first (bregma + 4.2 mm) and fifth (bregma -3.8 mm) coronal sections of the MCAO + MCH1 group remained similar to the Control group. These results provide evidence that MCH1 can limit damage from ischemic stroke, although it is not reflected in neurological or sensorimotor behavior and spatial learning and memory.
Assuntos
Amidas , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média , Ácidos Linoleicos , Córtex Motor , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Animais , Ratos , Amidoidrolases/antagonistas & inibidores , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Infarto da Artéria Cerebral Média/tratamento farmacológico , Córtex Motor/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Aprendizagem Espacial/efeitos dos fármacos , Amidas/farmacologia , Ácidos Linoleicos/farmacologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a serious and uncommon event. The clinical presentation generally includes thoracic or back pain. Painless aortic dissection is an extremely rare occurrence. Acute paraplegia is one of the neurological complications secondary to AAD. Although painful paraplegia is seen in 2% to 3% of AAD cases, painless paraplegia is a very rare event. CASE REPORT: A 51-year-old man with a long term history of hypertension, presented with acute paralysis of the lower extremities, with no chest or back pain. CONCLUSION: In presence of acute neurologic events, must always be investigated a vascular cause and, in these group of disease, the aortic dissection may be researched, although the pain wasn't present on occasion of the diagnosis.
Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/complicações , Dissecção Aórtica/complicações , Paraplegia/etiologia , Doença Aguda , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The present study aimed to evaluate the renal and hepatic responses in eight dogs with visceral leishmaniasis submitted to treatment with meglumine antimoniate and to verify the occurrence of possible side effects. Urinalysis, hepatic and renal function tests were carried out in all animals at up to seven moments. After the end of a six-month observation period, all dogs were euthanized. Before the beginning of the experiment urinary and biochemical alterations were observed in four dogs due to the changes caused by the parasite itself. These alterations included the presence of renal cells, cylindruria, proteinuria, azotemia, hyperproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia. One dog died on the third day after treatment because an aggravation of the clinical picture, probably due to the medication. During the course of the study, an increase in hepatic enzymes was verified in two animals. Sixty days after the beginning of the treatment four dogs showed remission of clinical signs. The other three were asymptomatic with persistent biochemical alterations. From these, two presented recurrence of clinical signs about 150 days after the beginning of the treatment while in the other, hyperproteinemia persisted. Meglumine antimoniate was not efficient to treat dogs with severe renal dysfunction and the side effects observed were pain at the site of injection and the probable transient hepatotoxicity, evidenced by biochemical examinations, but without the presence of clinical signs.
Assuntos
Antiprotozoários/uso terapêutico , Doenças do Cão/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças do Cão/metabolismo , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Meglumina/uso terapêutico , Compostos Organometálicos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Antiprotozoários/efeitos adversos , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Cães , Leishmaniose Visceral/tratamento farmacológico , Meglumina/efeitos adversos , Antimoniato de Meglumina , Compostos Organometálicos/efeitos adversosRESUMO
The standardization of ELISA for the detection of anti-Trypanosoma evansi antibodies in naturally and experimentally infected horses is described. Bayesian analysis was used to establish the cutoff between positive and negative sera. In order to determine the assessment of the ELISA test, the results obtained were compared with those from an IFA. A relative sensibility of 98.39%, a specificity of 95.12% and a predictive value of 96.83% were determined. The standardized technique was used to evaluate the antibody production against trypanosome in an experimentally infected equine, in which the sera converted 15 days after infection. The test was also used for a study of sera prevalence in a non-random sample from two different populations. A prevalence of 81.7% in workhorse and 57.14% in stable horses was found.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/diagnóstico , Trypanosoma/imunologia , Tripanossomíase Africana/veterinária , Animais , Teorema de Bayes , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Cabras , Doenças dos Cavalos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/imunologia , Cavalos , Imunoglobulina G/biossíntese , Cinética , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Tripanossomíase Africana/diagnóstico , Tripanossomíase Africana/epidemiologia , Venezuela/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Neurosyphilis (NS) is an entity which still frequently presents to our Neurology Department. The prozone phenomenon occurs in approximately 2% of all cases of late primary syphilis or secondary syphilis; we have found no cases described of prozone and neurosyphilis occurring together. CLINICAL CASE: We present the unusual case of a 44 year old patient with NS and dementia PGP (progressive general paralysis). Initially serum VDRL was negative, but in CSF reacted at dilutions of 1:32. When serum VDRL was repeated using dilutions, it was reactive 1:128 and serum FTA was also reactive. The patient was treated with i.v. crystalline penicillin, after which his condition improved. CONCLUSIONS: We wish to draw attention to the possibility that patients with a dementia syndrome and negative serum VDRL may have the prozone phenomenon, and the laboratory should therefore be asked to do serial dilutions.
Assuntos
Cardiolipinas/análise , Colesterol/análise , Neurossífilis/diagnóstico , Neurossífilis/imunologia , Fosfatidilcolinas/análise , Adulto , Reações Falso-Negativas , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
Resistance to insecticides made from different chemical compounds were studied in 4 strains of Musca domestica collected from 2 poultry farms and 2 cow farms following WHO methodology. A high resistance to malathion was observed (resistance factor values ranging from 102X to 252X), and moderate, to diazinon, fenthion, dichlorvos, DDT, and propoxur. Resistance to the deltametrine and permethrin pyreturins was not observed.
Assuntos
Moscas Domésticas , Resistência a Inseticidas , Criação de Animais Domésticos , Animais , DDT , Controle de Insetos , Controle de MosquitosAssuntos
Anopheles , Entomologia/métodos , Animais , Cuba , Comportamento Alimentar , Habitação , Humanos , Lactatos , Ácido Láctico , Luz , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Three methods of collecting adult anophelines were comparatively studied in a rural town in Havana Province, during the period comprised between June and September 1986. The methods of capture used were as follows: in resting sites, in human bait and through lactic acid CDC light traps. A greater number of anophelines (F = 6.86; p less than 0.01) was collected on human bait. The capture of 11 species of culicines was reported.