RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) is defined as the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder to the upper urinary tract and is distinguished in primary and secondary. It is present in 25-70% of children who have a urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with pyelonephritis, the association between UTI and VUR predisposes children to have renal scarring with consequent alteration of the functionality until chronic renal failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We realized a review of the literature on the endoscopic treatment of vesico-ureteral reflux analyzing the different techniques, materials used for endoscopic injection, indications and complications described in the literature. RESULTS: Over 100 articles we found on the endoscopic treatment of reflux with indications, complications and outcomes in the short, medium and long term. Of these we selected the most recent and current European and American Guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic treatment of reflux has become gradually the technique of choice for the primary treatment of vesico-ureteral reflux associated with pyelonephritis or urinary tract infections and permits to delay the use of open surgery.
Assuntos
Cistoscopia , Ureteroscopia , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/cirurgia , Criança , HumanosRESUMO
El refujo vesicoureteral (RVU) es el fujo de orina desde la vejiga hasta el tracto urinario superior. Está presente en el 25% al 70% de los niños con infección urinaria asociada a pielonefritis. Se realizó una revisión de la bibliografía sobre el tratamiento endoscópico del RVU analizando las técnicas, los materiales utilizados, las indicaciones y las complicaciones descritas. De los artículos encontrados, se seleccionaron los más recientes y las Guías Europeas y Norteamericanas. El tratamiento endoscópico del refujo, que se ha impuesto progresivamente como técnica de elección para el tratamiento primario del RVU asociado a pielonefritis o a infecciones, permite retrasar el recurso a la cirugía.
Introduction. Vesico-ureteral refux (VUR) is defned as the retrograde fow of urine from the bladder to the upper urinary tract and is distinguished in primary and secondary. It is present in 25-70% of children who have a urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with pyelonephritis, the association between UTI and VUR predisposes children to have renal scarring with consequent alteration of the functionality until chronic renal failure. Material and methods. We realized a review of the literature on the endoscopic treatment of vesico-ureteral refux analyzing the different techniques, materials used for endoscopic injection, indications and complications described in the literature. Results. Over 100 articles we found on the endoscopic treatment of refux with indications, complications and outcomes in the short, medium and long term. Of these we selected the most recent and current European and American Guidelines. Conclusions. Endoscopic treatment of refux has become gradually the technique of choice for the primary treatment of vesico-ureteral refux associated with pyelonephritis or urinary tract infections and permits to delay the use of open surgery.
Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Cistoscopia , Ureteroscopia , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/cirurgiaRESUMO
El refujo vesicoureteral (RVU) es el fujo de orina desde la vejiga hasta el tracto urinario superior. Está presente en el 25% al 70% de los niños con infección urinaria asociada a pielonefritis. Se realizó una revisión de la bibliografía sobre el tratamiento endoscópico del RVU analizando las técnicas, los materiales utilizados, las indicaciones y las complicaciones descritas. De los artículos encontrados, se seleccionaron los más recientes y las Guías Europeas y Norteamericanas. El tratamiento endoscópico del refujo, que se ha impuesto progresivamente como técnica de elección para el tratamiento primario del RVU asociado a pielonefritis o a infecciones, permite retrasar el recurso a la cirugía.(AU)
Introduction. Vesico-ureteral refux (VUR) is defned as the retrograde fow of urine from the bladder to the upper urinary tract and is distinguished in primary and secondary. It is present in 25-70% of children who have a urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with pyelonephritis, the association between UTI and VUR predisposes children to have renal scarring with consequent alteration of the functionality until chronic renal failure. Material and methods. We realized a review of the literature on the endoscopic treatment of vesico-ureteral refux analyzing the different techniques, materials used for endoscopic injection, indications and complications described in the literature. Results. Over 100 articles we found on the endoscopic treatment of refux with indications, complications and outcomes in the short, medium and long term. Of these we selected the most recent and current European and American Guidelines. Conclusions. Endoscopic treatment of refux has become gradually the technique of choice for the primary treatment of vesico-ureteral refux associated with pyelonephritis or urinary tract infections and permits to delay the use of open surgery.(AU)
Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Cistoscopia , Ureteroscopia , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/cirurgiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) is defined as the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder to the upper urinary tract and is distinguished in primary and secondary. It is present in 25-70
of children who have a urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with pyelonephritis, the association between UTI and VUR predisposes children to have renal scarring with consequent alteration of the functionality until chronic renal failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We realized a review of the literature on the endoscopic treatment of vesico-ureteral reflux analyzing the different techniques, materials used for endoscopic injection, indications and complications described in the literature. RESULTS: Over 100 articles we found on the endoscopic treatment of reflux with indications, complications and outcomes in the short, medium and long term. Of these we selected the most recent and current European and American Guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic treatment of reflux has become gradually the technique of choice for the primary treatment of vesico-ureteral reflux associated with pyelonephritis or urinary tract infections and permits to delay the use of open surgery.
Assuntos
Cistoscopia , Ureteroscopia , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/cirurgia , Criança , HumanosRESUMO
Para avaliar o estado atual do tratamento das hipospadias, foi realizado um estudo sobre condutas e tecnicas utilizadas frente a esta ma formacao congenita. O local do estudo foi a Unidade de Urologia Pediatrica da Fundacao Puigvert - IUNA - Instituto de Urologia, Nefrologia e Andrologia - Universidade Autonoma de Barcelona (Hospital de La Santa Cruz y San Pablo). As codutas frente a uma hipospadia praticamente divergem se o meato uretral esta longe ou perto da glande e, nestas duas situacoes, surgem as varias taticas cirurgicas que podem ser agrupadas em tratamento das hipospadias distais e proximais. Como as implicacoes referentes a tecnica, resultados, complicacoes, etc. sao distintas a cada um destes grupos, toda esta revisao ficara assim dividida.