RESUMO
Se analizaron 1022 pacientes con angina inestable definida por cambios electrocardiográficos y/o antecedentes coronarios, incluídos en el estudio ENAI (enalapril en angina inestable). Se relacionaron las variables clínicas basales y después de la admisión con la aparición de eventos mayores. Se consideró angina recurrente a la aparición de síntomas con cambios electrocardiográficos o repercusión hemodinámica y angina refractaria cuando ocurría bajo tratamiento completo. Se realizó un análisis diferenciado de la recurrencia isquémica dentro de las primeras 48 horas. La edad promedio fue 62 ñ 11,5; 31,4 por ciento era de sexo femenino, 75 por ciento tenía cambios electrocardiográficos. La prevalencia de recurrencia isquémica fue 22,1 por ciento, 14,8 por ciento dentro de las 48 horas, eventos mayores 42 pacientes (infarto 2,8 por ciento y muerte 1,6 por ciento). En la angina inestable las variables preadmisión, como las características de la angina previa, y los cambios electrocardiográficos, identifican un grupo con mayor riesgo de evolucionar al infarto o muerte
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Angina Instável/diagnóstico , Angina Instável/mortalidade , Angina Instável/terapia , Análise Multivariada , Infarto do Miocárdio , Isquemia Miocárdica , Prognóstico , Razão de ChancesRESUMO
Se analizaron 1022 pacientes con angina inestable definida por cambios electrocardiográficos y/o antecedentes coronarios, incluídos en el estudio ENAI (enalapril en angina inestable). Se relacionaron las variables clínicas basales y después de la admisión con la aparición de eventos mayores. Se consideró angina recurrente a la aparición de síntomas con cambios electrocardiográficos o repercusión hemodinámica y angina refractaria cuando ocurría bajo tratamiento completo. Se realizó un análisis diferenciado de la recurrencia isquémica dentro de las primeras 48 horas. La edad promedio fue 62 ñ 11,5; 31,4 por ciento era de sexo femenino, 75 por ciento tenía cambios electrocardiográficos. La prevalencia de recurrencia isquémica fue 22,1 por ciento, 14,8 por ciento dentro de las 48 horas, eventos mayores 42 pacientes (infarto 2,8 por ciento y muerte 1,6 por ciento). En la angina inestable las variables preadmisión, como las características de la angina previa, y los cambios electrocardiográficos, identifican un grupo con mayor riesgo de evolucionar al infarto o muerte (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Angina Instável/diagnóstico , Angina Instável/mortalidade , Angina Instável/terapia , Isquemia Miocárdica , Infarto do Miocárdio , Prognóstico , Análise Multivariada , Razão de ChancesRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether combined treatment with a cardiovascular exercise rehabilitation program and low doses of heparin can induce changes in ergometric parameters of ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Heparin may potentiate the development of new vessels promoted by ischemia and therefore may produce important clinical improvement. Thirty-six patients with stable CAD and evidence of myocardial ischemia on exercise testing were randomized into three groups: a control group (n = 11) received the usual medical treatment; another group (n = 11) underwent three exercise sessions per week during 12 weeks; and a third group (n = 14) undertook this exercise program and also received calcium heparin 12,500 IU subcutaneously 20 to 30 minutes before each exercise session. Pretreatment and posttreatment exercise tests were compared. Patients who underwent the rehabilitation program had an increase in exercise duration and workload at the onset of 1 mm ST-segment depression, but only patients who received calcium heparin showed a significant increase in rate-pressure product at the ST-segment ischemic threshold (p = 0.035). This result suggests that higher levels of myocardial oxygen consumption were now tolerated, a change that may be related to an improvement in myocardial perfusion.
Assuntos
Doença das Coronárias/terapia , Terapia por Exercício , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Heparina/uso terapêutico , Doença das Coronárias/tratamento farmacológico , Doença das Coronárias/fisiopatologia , Doença das Coronárias/reabilitação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Consumo de Oxigênio , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Recurrent ischemia after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been largely associated with a poor prognosis. This study was carried out to analyze the relationship among different clinical variables and both postinfarction angina and reinfarction after AMI. A total of 452 consecutive patients (mean age 58.2 +/- 12 years) were admitted to the coronary care unit and were studied prospectively. More than half of the patients received some type of thrombolytic therapy. Death occurred in 45 patients (9.9%) during hospital stay. Postinfarction angina was diagnosed in 81 patients (17.9%) and reinfarction in 22 (4.9%). Patients who developed reinfarction had a high mortality rate (45.5%) compared with those who did not develop such an event (8.1%) (p < 0.0001; odds ratio: 9.4; 95% confidence interval 3.5-25.4). On the other hand, postinfarction angina had no significant association with mortality. Multivariate analysis revealed that a history of angina (> 1 week) was predictive of the occurrence of postinfarction angina and that the use of fibrinolytic treatment, prodromal symptoms, and postinfarction angina were significantly related to reinfarction. We conclude that several simple clinical variables are clear independent predictors of postinfarction angina and reinfarction following AMI and should be taken into account in routine clinical practice or when planning intervention trials.