RESUMO
In this work, hybrid structures formed by nanostructured layers, which contain materials, such as porous silicon (PSi), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and silicon-rich oxide (SRO), were studied. The PSi layers were obtained by electrochemical etching over which CNTs and GO were deposited by spin coating. In addition, SRO layers, in which silicon nanocrystals are embedded, were obtained by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) technique. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra were obtained from the hybrid structures with which a comparative analysis was completed among different PL ones. The SRO layers were used to confine the CNTs and GO. The main purpose of making these hybrid structures is to modulate their PL response and obtain different emission energy regions in the PL response. It was found that the PL spectra of the CNTs/SRO and GO/SRO structures exhibit a shift towards high energies compared to those obtained from the PSi layers; likewise, the PSi/CNTs/SRO and PSi/GO/SRO structures show a similar behavior. To identify the different emission mechanisms originated by PSi, GO, CNTs, and SRO, the PL spectra were deconvolved. It was found that the Psi/CNTs/SRO and Psi/GO/SRO structures exhibit a PL shift in respect to the PSi layers, for this reason, the modulation of the PL emission of the structures makes these hybrid structures promising candidates to be applied in the field of photonic and electroluminescent devices.
RESUMO
La pandemia por SARS Covid 19 ha exigido una rápida respuesta del equipo de salud en las unidades de cuidados intensivos a nivel mundial. El uso de estrategias terapéuticas ya conocidas como el decúbito prono (DP) para el cuidado del paciente con distres respiratorio e hipoxemia grave refractaria trajo aparejado una serie de complicaciones, por lo cual resulta crucial el registro de las mismas para su posterior análisis. El objetivo general de esta investigación fue analizar las complicaciones del decúbito prono en pacientes con Covid19 desde octubre de 2020 a agosto de 2021 en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Adultos Sanatorio Allende Córdoba. Objetivos específicos Describir la población según condiciones socio demográficas, identificar y categorizar las principales complicaciones registradas. Material y método: el tipo de estudio fue descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. La población (n=235) pacientes, la técnica fue análisis documental de las historias clínicas Resultados: Las características sociodemográficas de la población estudiada, el 26 % fueron mujeres y el 74% varones. De días de internación el 31% corresponde de 3 a 10 días, el 26% entre 21 a 30 días, el 23% entre de 11 a 20 días, el 12 % comprende de 31 a 40 días; el 6% entre de 41 a 50 días y solo el 2% requirió de 60 a 70 días. La presencia de obesidad correspondió en esta población al 51%. Duración de la técnica de decúbito prono, se destaca que el 45% estuvo entre 16 a 36 hs, el 41% entre de 6 a 12 hs. y el 14% restante entre de 40 a 74 hs. En relación a aparición de ulceras por presión (UPP) y localización se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: el 37% corresponde a la zona de labios, el 29% a la zona de la frente, el 23% se localizaron en zona de rodillas, el 11% correspondió a la pared anterior de tórax. Presencia de edema o lesiones mucosas el 55% presento edema facial y el 45% edema conjuntival. El 69% presento lesión mucosa lingual y el 31 % ulcera corneal[AU]
The SARS Covid 19 pandemic has required a rapid response from the health team in intensive care units worldwide. Te use of wellknown therapeutic strategies such as the prone position (PD) for the care of patients with respiratory distress and severe refractory hypoxemia brought with it a series of complications, which is why their registration is crucial for their subsequent analysis. Te general objective of this research was to analyze the complications of prone decubitus in patients with Covid19 from October 2020 to August 2021 at the Adult Intensive Care Unit - Sanatorio Allende Córdoba. Specifc objectives describe the population according to socio-demographic conditions, identify and categorize the main complications recorded. Te type of study was descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional. Te patient population (n = 235), the document analysis technique, the medical records instrument Te following results were obtained: Te sociodemographic characteristics of the studied population, 26% were women and 74% were men. Of days of hospitalization, 31% correspond from 3 to 10 days, 26% between 21 to 30 days, 23% between 11 to 20 days, 12% comprise from 31 to 40 days; 6% between 41 to 50 days and only 2% required 60 to 70 days. Te presence of obesity corresponded to 51% in this population. Duration of the prone decubitus technique, it stands out that 45% were between 16 to 36 hours, 41% between 6 to 12 hours. and the remaining 14% between 40 to 74 hours. Regarding the appearance of pressure ulcers and location, the following results: 37% corresponded to the lip area, 29% to the forehead area, 23% were located in the knee area, only 11% corresponded to the wall anterior thorax. Presence of edema or mucosal lesions, 55% presented facial edema and 45% conjunctival edema. 69% presented lingual mucosa lesions and 31% corneapl ulcers[AU]
A pandemia de SARS Covid 19 exigiu uma resposta rápida da equipe de saúde em unidades de terapia intensiva em todo o mundo. A utilização de estratégias terapêuticas bem conhecidas, como a posição prona (DP) para o atendimento de pacientes com desconforto respiratório e hipoxemia refratária grave, trouxe consigo uma série de complicações, razão pela qual seu registro é fundamental para sua posterior análise. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi analisar as complicações do decúbito prono em pacientes com Covid 19 no período de outubro de 2020 a agosto de 2021 na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto - Sanatório Allende Córdoba. Objetivos específcos Descrever a população de acordo com as condições sociodemográfcas, identifcar e categorizar as principais complicações registradas. O tipo de estudo foi descritivo, retrospectivo e transversal. A população de pacientes (n = 235), a técnica de análise documental, o instrumento de prontuário Foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: As características sociodemográfcas da população estudada, 26% eram mulheres e 74% eram homens. Dos dias de internação, 31% correspondem de 3 a 10 dias, 26% de 21 a 30 dias, 23% de 11 a 20 dias, 12% compreendem de 31 a 40 dias; 6% entre 41 a 50 dias e apenas 2% requer 60 a 70 dias. A presença de obesidade correspondeu a 51% nesta população. Duração da técnica de decúbito prono, destaca-se que 45% fcaram entre 16 a 36 horas, 41% entre 6 a 12 horas. e os restantes 14% entre 40 a 74 horas. Em relação ao aspecto e localização da ulceras por preseao, os seguintes resultados: 37% correspondiam à região dos lábios, 29% à região da fronte, 23% localizavam-se na região do joelho, apenas 11% correspondiam à parede anterior do tórax. Presença de edema ou lesões de mucosa, 55% apresentavam edema facial e 45% edema conjuntival. 69% apresentavam lesões de mucosa lingual e 31% úlceras de córnea[AU]
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Decúbito Ventral , Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/enfermagem , COVID-19 , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Cuidados de EnfermagemRESUMO
MIS-type structures composed of silicon-rich oxide (SRO), thin films deposited by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD), show interesting I-V and I-t properties under white light illumination and a response as photodetectors. From electrical measurements, it was found that at a reverse bias of -4 V, the illumination current increased by up to three orders of magnitude relative to the dark current, which was about 82 nA, while the photogenerated current reached a value of 25 µA. The reported MIS structure with SRO as the dielectric layer exhibited a hopping conduction mechanism, and an ohmic conduction mechanism was found with low voltage. I-t measurements confirmed the increased photogenerated current. Furthermore, the MIS structure, characterized by current-wavelength (I-λ) measurements, exhibited a maximum responsivity value at 254 mA/W, specific detectivity (D*) at 2.21 × 1011 cm Hz1/2 W-1, and a noise equivalent power (NEP) of 49 pW at a wavelength of 535 nm. The structure exhibited good switching behavior, with rise and fall times between 120 and 150 ms, respectively. These rise and decay times explain the generation and recombination of charge carriers and the trapping and release of traps, respectively. These results make MIS-type structures useful as photodetectors in the 420 to 590 nm range.
Assuntos
Gases , Silício , Temperatura Alta , Silício/química , Dióxido de SilícioRESUMO
In the last 10 years, Salmonella Heidelberg has been extensively isolated from poultry in several countries. In this context, molecular characterization is essential to understand whether the strains have entered the farms from a single or several sources. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the genetic relationship and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. Heidelberg strains isolated between 2011 and 2012 from broiler farms belonging to three integrated poultry companies located in Argentina. The genetic relatedness of the S. Heidelberg isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and resistance to 21 antimicrobials was determined by the disc diffusion method. The isolates were assigned to four PFGE patterns. Most of the strains showed 100% similarity and belonged to the same integrated poultry company. This PFGE pattern was also prevalent in S. Heidelberg strains isolated from humans in several provinces of Argentina, which suggests an epidemiological association between human and poultry strains. All the isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR), and no clear relationship was observed between PFGE and resistance patterns. S. Heidelberg strains may circulate among farms from the same integrated company due to common sources of contamination. To guarantee the safety of the poultry product for the consumers, holistic approaches including surveillance of Salmonella throughout the production chain together with control measures are crucial.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Galinhas/microbiologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/microbiologia , Salmonelose Animal/microbiologia , Salmonella/classificação , Animais , Salmonelose Animal/epidemiologiaRESUMO
In the present work, non-stoichiometric silicon oxide films (SiOx) deposited using a hot filament chemical vapor deposition technique at short time and simple parameters of depositions are reported. This is motivated by the numerous potential applications of SiOx films in areas such as optoelectronics. SiOx films were characterized with different spectroscopic techniques. The deposited films have interesting characteristics such as the presence of silicon nanoclusters without applying thermal annealing, in addition to a strong photoluminescence after applying thermal annealing in the vicinity of 1.5 eV, which may be attributed to the presence of small, oxidized silicon grains (less than 2 nm) or silicon nanocrystals (Si-nc). An interesting correlation was found between oxygen content, the presence of hydrogen, and the formation of defects in the material, with parameters such as the band gap and the Urbach energies. This correlation is interesting in the development of band gap engineering for this material for applications in photonic devices.
RESUMO
O girino de Chiasmocleis alagoanus é descrito pela primeira vez a partir de exemplares coletados na Mata do Catolé, município de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil. O girino tem hábitos lêntico e nectônico. Corpo triangular em vista lateral e oval em vista dorsal; focinho truncado em vista lateral, dorsal e ventral. Olhos laterais e aberturas nasais ausentes. Espiráculo mediano e com ampla abertura. Tubo anal ventral curto com abertura central, sem margem livre. Abertura oral terminalmente localizada, sem peças queratinizadas. Abas labiais superiores semicirculares recobrindo parcialmente a abertura oral. Fileiras de dentículos córneos ausentes. Comprimento da cauda correspondendo a 59,1 por cento do comprimento total. Em preservativo o corpo é castanho claro e as vísceras parcialmente visíveis. Notas sobre o ambiente e comparação com outros girinos do gênero são apresentados.
Tadpoles of Chiasmocleis alagoanus were collected from a temporary pond in a remnant of Atlantic Forest, municipal district of Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. The tadpole presents lentic and nektonic habit. Body triangular in lateral view and oval in dorsal view; snout truncate in lateral, dorsal and ventral view. Eyes lateral and nostrils absent. Spiracle medial with wide opening. Anal tube ventral and short, with central opening, without free margin. Oral opening terminal, with marginal papillae and jaw sheaths absent, with the superior semicircular labial flaps suspended on the extremities of the mouth. Tooth rows absent. Tail length representing 59.1 percent of total length. In preservative the body is brown light and the viscera is partially visible. Notes on the environment and comparison with other tadpoles of the genera are provided.
Assuntos
Ecologia/classificação , Fauna/análise , Fauna/classificaçãoRESUMO
O presente artigo tem por objetivo abordar as dificuldades decorrentes da falta de uma adequada inscrição formal da figura do Acompanhante Terapêutico no sistema de Saúde Mental, junto com um estudo pormenorizado das instâncias nas quais a Lei de Saúde Mental da cidade de Buenos Aires, no entanto, abre uma forte perspectiva para sua inclusão, em cuja regulamentação atualmente estamos trabalhando. Em conexão com essa problemática, também é oportuno renovar a interrogação sobre as coordenadas éticas e a responsabilidade profissional que são postas em jogo no exercício dessa especialidade(AU)
The present work has for objet to examine these difficulties derived to the fault of one adequate formal inscription of the Therapeutic Accompaniment in the Mental Health System, with an exhaustive study of these points in that the Mental Health Law of Buenos Aires City, since 2000,open a strong perspective to his inclusion. We are just working in it with a City's Legislature member. In connection with this problematical, it's opportune to renovate the interrogation about ethic coordinates and the professional responsibility implicated in the execution of this specialty(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente , Saúde Mental , Ética Profissional , Serviços de Saúde MentalRESUMO
O presente artigo tem por objetivo abordar as dificuldades decorrentes da falta de uma adequada inscrição formal da figura do Acompanhante Terapêutico no sistema de Saúde Mental, junto com um estudo pormenorizado das instâncias nas quais a Lei de Saúde Mental da cidade de Buenos Aires, no entanto, abre uma forte perspectiva para sua inclusão, em cuja regulamentação atualmente estamos trabalhando. Em conexão com essa problemßtica, também é oportuno renovar a interrogação sobre as coordenadas éticas e a responsabilidade profissional que são postas em jogo no exercício dessa especialidade
The present work has for objet to examine these difficulties derived to the fault of one adequate formal inscription of the Therapeutic Accompaniment in the Mental Health System, with an exhaustive study of these points in that the Mental Health Law of Buenos Aires City, since 2000,open a strong perspective to his inclusion. We are just working in it with a City's Legislature member. In connection with this problematical, it's opportune to renovate the interrogation about ethic coordinates and the professional responsibility implicated in the execution of this specialty
Assuntos
Humanos , Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente , Ética Profissional , Saúde Mental , Serviços de Saúde MentalRESUMO
El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar algunas contribuciones al diseño e implementacion de controladores logicos nebulosos (CLNs). Especificamente: es propuesto un nuevo metodo de optimizacion de desempeño de CLNs, es propuesto un nuevo metodo de obtencion de reglas de control para un CLN a partir de las acciones de control de un operador humano (OH) y es realizado un analisis delos efectos de la cuantificacion de las señales en el desempeño de un CLN en el caso en que este sea implementado mediante un procesador digital.
RESUMO
El presente trabajo presenta algunos resultados relacionados a puntos especificos en el diseño e implementacion de controladores logicos nebulosos CLNs: optimizacion de desempeño de CLNs, obtencion de reglas de control a partir de las acciones de control de un operador humano OH y el analisis del efecto de la cuantificacion de las señales de un CLN en el caso en que sea implementado mediante un procesador digital. El metodo de optimizacion de CLNs propuesto consiste en mantener fija la estructura interna del controlador y pre-compensar sus entradas con una funcion no lineal. Los parametros que caracterizan la funcion no lineal son ajustados numericamente de manera a optimizar el desempeño del controlador. El ajuste de estos parametros es realizado usando algoritmos de busqueda aleatoria algoritmos geneticos y el metodo del poliedro flexible con recocimiento simulado. El metodo es evaluado mediante un ejemplo especifico. Los resultados obtenidos son comparados con aquellos obtenidos usando metodos alternativos. La obtencion de las reglas de control para un CLN a partir de las acciones de control de un OH es efectuada usando una red neuronal artificial entrenada de manera a emular el comportamiento del OH controlando una determinada planta. Con la red neuronal entrenada son generados sistematicamente datos de entrada-salida, los cuales son usados para obtener las reglas de control. Este metodo es evaluado mediante un ejemplo especifico y los resultados comparados a los obtenidos usando un otro metodo tomado de la literatura. El efecto de la cuantificacion en el desempeño de un CLN es analizado para el caso en que el controlador sea implementado digitalmente. Se asume que las señales de entrada de entrada y salida del controlador son representadas mediante un numero finito de bits. El desempeño del controlador es evaluado en funcion del numero de bits empleados en la cuantificacion. Son simuladas dos implementaciones del controlador. En la primera, el CLN es simulado implementado en la forma de procesador dedicado, el procesador fue adaptado de una propuesta tomada de la literatura. Este procesador posee caracteristicas que permiten simplificar los calculos efectuados para la obtencion de la señal de control. En la segunda, se simula el CLN implementado mediante una computadora digital de proposito general. El analisis es efectuado mediante la simulacion de un problema especifico de control.