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The Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) Registry (NCT01990040) is a multinational real-world study evaluating the long-term safety of teduglutide in patients with SBS and intestinal failure (SBS-IF) in routine clinical practice. This paper describes the study methodology and baseline characteristics of adult patients who have (ever-treated) or have never (never-treated) received teduglutide. A total of 1411 adult patients (679 ever-treated; 732 never-treated) were enrolled at 124 sites across 17 countries. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) age at enrollment was 55.4 (15.46) years, and 60.2% of patients were women. Crohn's disease was the most common cause of major intestinal resection in both ever-treated (34.1%) and never-treated patients (20.4%). A similar proportion of ever-treated and never-treated patients had a prior history of colorectal polyps (2.7% vs. 3.6%), whereas proportionally fewer ever-treated patients reported a history of colorectal cancer (1.8% vs. 6.2%) or any malignancy (17.7% vs. 30.0%) than never-treated patients. Never-treated patients received a numerically greater mean (SD) volume of parenteral nutrition and/or intravenous fluids than ever-treated patients (12.4 [8.02] vs. 10.1 [6.64] L/week). Ever-treated patients received a mean teduglutide dosage of 0.05 mg/kg/day. This is the first report of patient baseline characteristics from the SBS Registry, and the largest cohort of patients with SBS-IF to date. Overall, ever-treated and never-treated patients had similar baseline characteristics. Differences between treatment groups may reflect variations in patient selection and degree of monitoring.

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In this study, the kinetic mechanism of adsorption and desorption, as well as the equilibrium isotherms, of four metallic ions (Cd2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+) mono and multicomponent were investigated. The biosorbent used was produced from Jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana-commonly known as queen palm) coconut. A kinetic model that considers macropore diffusion as a control step was solved. The finite volume method was used in the discretization of the equations, and the algorithm was implemented in the Fortran programming language. The equilibrium time for monocomponent adsorption was 5 min; for the multicomponent tests, equilibrium occurred instantly (less than 2 min of adsorption). The pseudo-second-order model presented the lowest mean of the sum of normalized errors (SNE) and represented the experimental data of mono and multicomponent adsorption and desorption. Single and multicomponent Langmuir model represented the adsorption isotherms. The maximum capacity of adsorption of metallic ions, both mono and multicomponent, was higher for copper, and the multicomponent adsorption proved to be antagonistic; the presence of co-ions in the solution reduced the removal of metals due to competition between these contaminants. The capture preference order was justified by the physicochemical properties of the ions, such as electron incompatibility and electronegativity. All these situations justified the maximum adsorption of Cu2+, followed by Zn2+, Cd2+, and Ni2+ in the mixture.

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Background: Normal pressure hydrocephalus is a disease directly related to the change in intracranial compliance and consequent repercussions in the brain parenchyma. Invasive monitoring of such parameters proves to be reliable especially for prognosis in neurocritical patients; however, it is not applicable in an outpatient service setting. The present study describes the comparison between the tap test results and the parameters obtained with a non-invasive sensor for monitoring intracranial compliance in patients with suspected NPH. Methods: Twenty-eight patients were evaluated before and after lumbar puncture of 50mL of CSF (the tap test), comprising clinical assessment, magnetic resonance imaging, physical therapy assessment using the Timed Up and Go test, Dynamic Gait Index, BERG test, neuropsychological assessment, and recording of non-invasive intracranial compliance data using the Brain4care® device in three different positions (lying, sitting, and standing) for 5 min each. The tap test results were compared to the Time to Peak and P2/P1 ratio parameters obtained by the device. Results: The group that had a positive Tap test result presented a median P2/P1 ratio greater than 1.0, suggesting a change in intracranial compliance. In addition, there was also a significant difference between patients with positive, negative, and inconclusive results, especially in the lying position. Conclusion: A non-invasive intracranial compliance device when used with the patient lying down and standing up obtained parameters that suggest correspondence with the result of the tap test.

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This study aimed to estimate plastochron, leaf area, and yield of Physalis peruviana seedlings grown in different environments and transplanted on different dates. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, namely: two cultivation environments (protected and field) and three transplanting dates (10/27/2013, 12/15/2013, and 02/11/2014). Four replicates of eight plants were used per plot, and the four central plants composed the useful area. Based on mathematical models and temperature data, plastochron was estimated for the entire crop cycle and vegetative and reproductive phases separately. Leaf area and node number were measured, and their relationship established at the end of the study. Other variables assessed were fruit number, mass, and yield per plant. Our results showed that the higher temperatures in the protected environment anticipated phenological timings. Plastochron values of 60.0 and 16.5 °C day-1 can be used during vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. The protected environment increased vegetative growth and development, as well as yield of P. peruviana seedlings. In the Guarapuava-PR region, P. peruviana seedlings should be transplanted during the spring so that higher fruit yield and quality could be achieved.(AU)

Objetivou-se com o presente estudo estimar o plastocrono, a área leaf e a produção em Physalis peruviana cultivada em ambientes e épocas de transplantio. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3, sendo dois ambientes de cultivo (cultivo protegido e a campo) e três épocas de transplantio (27/10/2013, 15/12/2013 e 11/02/2014). Quatro repetições de oito plantas por parcela foram implantadas, utilizando-se as quatro plantas centrais para avaliação. Com base em modelos matemáticos e dados de temperatura coletados o plastocrono foi estimado para o ciclo completo e fases vegetativa e reprodutiva da cultura separadamente. A área leaf bem como o número de nós foram avaliados permitindo estabelecer uma relação entre esses dois parâmetros ao fim do trabalho. Avaliou-se também o número, massa e produção de frutos comerciais por planta. Observou-se com o estudo que a temperatura em ambiente protegido foi maior quando comparada ao campo, promovendo a antecipação do desenvolvimento dos estágios fenológicos. Durante o desenvolvimento vegetativo, pode ser utilizado valor de plastocrono de 60,0 ºC dia nó-1 e durante o reprodutivo de 16,5 ºC dia nó-1. O ambiente protegido proporcionou maior crescimento e desenvolvimento vegetativo e produtividade de P. peruviana, quando comparado ao cultivo em campo. O transplantio de P. peruviana na região de Guarapuava-PR deve ser feito na primavera para garantia de maior produtividade e qualidade de frutos.(AU)

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OBJECTIVE: The current study translated to Portuguese and validated the normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) scale originally developed in English as the Grading Scale for Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus. METHODS: Following Guillemin's validation protocol, the last version of the Portuguese NPH scale was applied to 121 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus (73 men and 48 women) from the Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics from July 2010 to March 2012. RESULTS: The mean age was 71.09 years old, ranging from 35 to 92 years. The rate of agreement and reproducibility was high, as confirmed by Cohen's Kappa coefficient, with excellent intraobserver correlation for the NPH scale items individually evaluated: gait (0.80), dementia (0.90) and incontinence (0.87). CONCLUSIONS: The Portuguese version of the Grading Scale for Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus was successfully translated and validated for use in Brazilian patients.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The current study translated to Portuguese and validated the normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) scale originally developed in English as the Grading Scale for Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus. Methods: Following Guillemin's validation protocol, the last version of the Portuguese NPH scale was applied to 121 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus (73 men and 48 women) from the Group of Cerebral Hydrodynamics from July 2010 to March 2012. Results: The mean age was 71.09 years old, ranging from 35 to 92 years. The rate of agreement and reproducibility was high, as confirmed by Cohen's Kappa coefficient, with excellent intraobserver correlation for the NPH scale items individually evaluated: gait (0.80), dementia (0.90) and incontinence (0.87). Conclusions: The Portuguese version of the Grading Scale for Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus was successfully translated and validated for use in Brazilian patients.

RESUMO Objetivos: o presente estudo valida para a língua portuguesa a escala de hidrocefalia de pressão normal (HPN) desenvolvida em língua inglesa como "Escala de classificação para hidrocefalia de pressão normal idiopática". Métodos: Usando o método de Guillemin, uma versão traduzida da escala foi aplicada em 121 pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de hidrocefalia de pressão normal (73 homens e 48 mulheres) no Grupo de Hidrodinâmica Cerebral do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP de julho de 2010 a março de 2012. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 71,09 anos, variando de 35 a 92 anos. A taxa de concordância e reprodutibilidade foi alta, conforme confirmado pelo coeficiente Kappa, com excelente correlação intraobservador para itens de escala HPN que avaliou a marcha (0,80), demência (0,90) e incontinência (0,87). Conclusões: a versão em português da escala de graduação para pacientes com HPN foi traduzida e validada com sucesso para uso em pacientes brasileiros de ambos os sexos.

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Commercial hybrids are viable to generate base populations for obtaining new superior lines. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance and stability of maize topcross hybrids and select superior partly inbred lines. We evaluated 155 topcross hybrids of partly inbred lines crossed with an elite inbred line (tester) together with 14 commercial hybrids (2B688, AG7088, AS1575, DKB390, GNZ2005, GNZ8132, GNZ9501, GNZ9505, GNZ9548, GNZ9623, P30F35, P30F53, P30R50, and Penta) in Guarapuava-PR, Candói-PR, Guarda-Mor-MG, and Paracatu-MG (Brazil). The assessed variable was grain yield (GY), in kg ha-1, at 13% moisture, being the plant stand corrected by covariance method. A variance analysis was carried out, testing both stability and adaptability. There were significant differences for all sources of variation. By considering the GY means of the genotypes in each environment, Candói (10,985 kg ha-1) and Paracatu (10,917 kg ha-1) were in the first group, while Guarda-Mor (10,448 kg ha-1) was allocated in the intermediate group, and Guarapuava (10,159 kg ha-1) formed the group of lower GY means. None of the topcrosses stood out in any of the four environments, which may be related to the differences in climate and altitude between environments. Despite of this fact, lines 9, 13, 39, 40, 60, 93, 108, 179, 184, 189, 194, 211, 212, 213, 216, 217, 235, 243, 245, and 253 excelled as promising and should follow the process of inbreeding, in addition to the topcrosses 87, 144, 179, and 211, which also stood out for stability and adaptability in these environments.(AU)

Os híbridos comerciais são viáveis para gerar populações-base para obter novas linhagens superiores. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e estabilidade de híbridos topcrosses de milho e selecionar híbridos superiores e/ou linhagens parcialmente endogâmicas com potencial superior. Foram avaliadas 155 linhagens parcialmente endogâmicas em cruzamentos topcrosses com uma linhagem elite (testador) juntamente com 14 híbridos comerciais (2B688, AG7088, AS1575, DKB390, GNZ2005, GNZ8132, GNZ9501, GNZ9505, GNZ9548, GNZ9623, P30F35, P30F53, P30R50 e Penta) em Guarapuava-PR, Candói-PR, Guarda-Mor-MG e Paracatu-MG. Foi avaliado a produtividade de grãos (GY) em kg ha-1 com 13% de umidade em que o estande de plantas foi corrigido pelo método da covariância. Fez-se análise de variância dos dados e de estabilidade e adaptabilidade. Houve efeito significativo para todas as fontes de variação. Considerando a média de GY em kg ha-1 dos genótipos em cada ambiente, Candói (10,985 kg ha-1) e Paracatu (10,917 kg ha-1) foram alocados no primeiro grupo, enquanto Guarda-mor (10,448 kg ha-1) foi alocado no grupo intermediário e Guarapuava (10,159 kg ha-1) formou o pior grupo de médias. Não houve híbridos topcrosses que se destacaram nos quatro ambientes. Apesar deste fato, as linhagens 9, 13, 39, 40, 60, 93, 108, 179, 184, 189, 194, 211, 212, 213, 216, 217, 235, 243, 245 e 253 são promissoras e devem seguir no programa de melhoramento no processo de endogamia e os híbridos topcrosses 87, 144, 179 e 211 também se destacam por estar entre os melhores em mais de dois ambientes, sendo estáveis e adaptados e podem ser utilizados para cultivo nestes ambientes.(AU)

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INTRODUCTION: Normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a disease characterized by gait disturbance, urinary incontinence, and dementia. Our objectives were to define an average value of the test for the population, check the specificity and test sensitivity as evaluation criteria and diagnostic testing, and correlate with other already used more frequently. METHODS: A study conducted at the Neurosurgery Division of the Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo in which a group of 30 patients with NPH was submitted to the Mini-Mental State Test Examination, Time Up and Go (TUG), test and Japanese scale for NPH before the Tap Test 3 hours and 72 hours after the Tap Test. After being subjected to ventriculoperitoneal shunt, patients were evaluated 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. A control group was used composed of 30 individuals of the same age and who had no diagnosis of NPH who were submitted to the TUG test to determine an average, which was compared with that of patients with NPH. RESULTS: TUG did not show good correlation with other tests used, but there was excellent specificity (0.967) and sensitivity (0.933) for cut-off value of 16.5 seconds for the diagnosis of NPH. CONCLUSIONS: TUG is a good test for the diagnosis of NPH because there is very good specificity and sensitivity, with a mean value of 16.5 seconds as the cut-off.

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Commercial hybrids are viable to generate base populations for obtaining new superior lines. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance and stability of maize topcross hybrids and select superior partly inbred lines. We evaluated 155 topcross hybrids of partly inbred lines crossed with an elite inbred line (tester) together with 14 commercial hybrids (2B688, AG7088, AS1575, DKB390, GNZ2005, GNZ8132, GNZ9501, GNZ9505, GNZ9548, GNZ9623, P30F35, P30F53, P30R50, and Penta) in Guarapuava-PR, Candói-PR, Guarda-Mor-MG, and Paracatu-MG (Brazil). The assessed variable was grain yield (GY), in kg ha-1, at 13% moisture, being the plant stand corrected by covariance method. A variance analysis was carried out, testing both stability and adaptability. There were significant differences for all sources of variation. By considering the GY means of the genotypes in each environment, Candói (10,985 kg ha-1) and Paracatu (10,917 kg ha-1) were in the first group, while Guarda-Mor (10,448 kg ha-1) was allocated in the intermediate group, and Guarapuava (10,159 kg ha-1) formed the group of lower GY means. None of the topcrosses stood out in any of the four environments, which may be related to the differences in climate and altitude between environments. Despite of this fact, lines 9, 13, 39, 40, 60, 93, 108, 179, 184, 189, 194, 211, 212, 213, 216, 217, 235, 243, 245, and 253 excelled as promising and should follow the process of inbreeding, in addition to the topcrosses 87, 144, 179, and 211, which also stood out for stability and adaptability in these environments.

Os híbridos comerciais são viáveis para gerar populações-base para obter novas linhagens superiores. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e estabilidade de híbridos topcrosses de milho e selecionar híbridos superiores e/ou linhagens parcialmente endogâmicas com potencial superior. Foram avaliadas 155 linhagens parcialmente endogâmicas em cruzamentos topcrosses com uma linhagem elite (testador) juntamente com 14 híbridos comerciais (2B688, AG7088, AS1575, DKB390, GNZ2005, GNZ8132, GNZ9501, GNZ9505, GNZ9548, GNZ9623, P30F35, P30F53, P30R50 e Penta) em Guarapuava-PR, Candói-PR, Guarda-Mor-MG e Paracatu-MG. Foi avaliado a produtividade de grãos (GY) em kg ha-1 com 13% de umidade em que o estande de plantas foi corrigido pelo método da covariância. Fez-se análise de variância dos dados e de estabilidade e adaptabilidade. Houve efeito significativo para todas as fontes de variação. Considerando a média de GY em kg ha-1 dos genótipos em cada ambiente, Candói (10,985 kg ha-1) e Paracatu (10,917 kg ha-1) foram alocados no primeiro grupo, enquanto Guarda-mor (10,448 kg ha-1) foi alocado no grupo intermediário e Guarapuava (10,159 kg ha-1) formou o pior grupo de médias. Não houve híbridos topcrosses que se destacaram nos quatro ambientes. Apesar deste fato, as linhagens 9, 13, 39, 40, 60, 93, 108, 179, 184, 189, 194, 211, 212, 213, 216, 217, 235, 243, 245 e 253 são promissoras e devem seguir no programa de melhoramento no processo de endogamia e os híbridos topcrosses 87, 144, 179 e 211 também se destacam por estar entre os melhores em mais de dois ambientes, sendo estáveis e adaptados e podem ser utilizados para cultivo nestes ambientes.

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O petrosinol é um produto natural obtido a partir de esponjas do gênero Petrosia sp. Trata-se de um poliacetileno que posui atividade anti-HIV. A síntese deste composto, ainda não descrita na literatura, mostrou-se difícil. No presente trabalho são descritas as rotas sintéticas testadas para a obtenção do petrosinol. Foram feitas abordagens, totalizando sete, que consistiram na síntese de sistemas dicarbonílicos `alfa´, ß-insaturados, os quais se mostraram pouco reativos, que não permitiram a continuidade das rotas com esta abordagem, ou tentativas de construção de álcoois propargílicos, que neste caso, os intermediários de síntese se mostraram muito instáveis. A síntese do petrosinol necessita de mais estudos visando novas tentativas para se obter o sistema diol insaturado central presente na molécula, chave para a síntese total da mesma

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