RESUMO
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Thus, nanotechnology provides an excellent opportunity to treat drug-resistant microbial infections. Numerous antibiotics have been used to inhibit the growth and kill of microbes, but the development of resistance and the emergence of side effects have severely limited the use of these agents. Due to the development of the nanotechnology, nanoparticles are widely used as antimicrobials. Silver and chitosan nanoparticles have antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial properties, and many studies confirm the antifungal properties of silver nanoparticles. Nowadays, the use of nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases has developed due to less side effects and also the help of these particles in effective drug delivery to the target tissue. Liposomes are also used as carriers of drug delivery, genes, and modeling of cell membranes in both animals and humans. The ability of these liposomes to encapsulate large amounts of drugs, minimize unwanted side effects, high effectiveness and low toxicity has attracted the interest of researchers. This review article examines recent efforts by researchers to identify and treat infectious diseases using antimicrobial nanoparticles and drug nano-carriers.
As doenças infecciosas são a principal causa de morte no mundo. Assim, a nanotecnologia oferece uma excelente oportunidade para tratar infecções microbianas resistentes a medicamentos. Numerosos antibióticos têm sido usados para inibir o crescimento e a morte de micróbios, mas o desenvolvimento de resistência e o surgimento de efeitos colaterais limitaram severamente o uso desses agentes. Devido ao desenvolvimento da nanotecnologia, as nanopartículas são amplamente utilizadas como antimicrobianos. As nanopartículas de prata e quitosana têm propriedades antifúngicas, antivirais e antibacterianas, e muitos estudos confirmam as propriedades antifúngicas das nanopartículas de prata. Atualmente, o uso de nanopartículas no diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças infecciosas tem se desenvolvido em razão do menor número de efeitos colaterais e também à ajuda dessas partículas na efetiva entrega de fármacos ao tecido-alvo. Os lipossomas também são usados como transportadores de entrega de drogas, genes e modelagem de membranas celulares em animais e humanos. Os lipossomas também são usados como transportadores de entrega de drogas, genes e modelagem de membranas celulares em animais e humanos. A capacidade desses lipossomas de encapsular grandes quantidades de fármacos, minimizar efeitos colaterais indesejados, alta eficácia e baixa toxicidade tem despertado o interesse de pesquisadores. Este artigo de revisão examina esforços recentes de pesquisadores para identificar e tratar doenças infecciosas usando nanopartículas antimicrobianas e nanotransportadores de drogas.
Assuntos
Doenças Transmissíveis/diagnóstico , Doenças Transmissíveis/terapia , Nanopartículas , Anti-Infecciosos , AntibacterianosRESUMO
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Thus, nanotechnology provides an excellent opportunity to treat drug-resistant microbial infections. Numerous antibiotics have been used to inhibit the growth and kill of microbes, but the development of resistance and the emergence of side effects have severely limited the use of these agents. Due to the development of the nanotechnology, nanoparticles are widely used as antimicrobials. Silver and chitosan nanoparticles have antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial properties, and many studies confirm the antifungal properties of silver nanoparticles. Nowadays, the use of nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases has developed due to less side effects and also the help of these particles in effective drug delivery to the target tissue. Liposomes are also used as carriers of drug delivery, genes, and modeling of cell membranes in both animals and humans. The ability of these liposomes to encapsulate large amounts of drugs, minimize unwanted side effects, high effectiveness and low toxicity has attracted the interest of researchers. This review article examines recent efforts by researchers to identify and treat infectious diseases using antimicrobial nanoparticles and drug nano-carriers.